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#' Weighted covariance
#'
#' Computes a weighted variance/covariance of a vector, matrix or a three dimensional array.
#'
#' @note Compared to some other R functions, here the weights are regarded as probability weights,
#' not frequency weights.
#'
#' @export
#' @param x A numeric vector, matrix or three dimensional array.
#' For matrix, covariances are computed between columns.
#' For array, marginal covariances are computed for each column,
#' i.e. for $m x n x k$ array function returns $m x m x n$ array.
#' @param w A numeric vector of non-negative weights. Will be automatically
#' normalised to sum to one.
#' @param method Estimator type, either \code{"moment"} (default) or
#' \code{"unbiased"}, which is unbiased only in case of frequency weights.
#' @param na.rm If \code{TRUE}, \code{NA} values in \code{x} (and corresponding weights in \code{w}) are
#' omitted from the computation. Default is \code{FALSE}.
#' @return A weighted variance.
weighted_var <- function(x, w, method, na.rm) {
if (!(typeof(w) %in% c("integer", "double"))) {
stop("Argument 'w' must be of type 'integer' or 'double'. ")
}
UseMethod("weighted_var", x)
}
#' @export
#' @method weighted_var ts
weighted_var.ts <- function(x, w, method = c("moment", "unbiased"), na.rm = FALSE) {
weighted_var(x = unclass(x), w = w, method = method, na.rm = na.rm)
}
#' @export
#' @method weighted_var mcmc
weighted_var.mcmc <- function(x, w, method = c("moment", "unbiased"), na.rm = FALSE) {
dimx <- dim(x)
if (is.null(dimx)) {
weighted_var.numeric(x, w, method, na.rm)
} else {
if (length(dimx) == 2) {
weighted_var.matrix(x, w, method, na.rm)
} else {
weighted_var.array(x, w, method, na.rm)
}
}
}
#' @export
#' @method weighted_var numeric
weighted_var.numeric <- function(x, w, method = c("moment", "unbiased"), na.rm = FALSE) {
if (length(x) != length(w)) stop("'x' and 'w' have unequal lengths. ")
if (length(na.rm) > 1 || !is.logical(na.rm)) stop("Argument 'na.rm' should be a logical of length one.")
method <- pmatch(match.arg(method), c("moment", "unbiased")) - 1L
if (!is.numeric(w) || any(w < 0)) stop ("Weight vector 'w' must contain only non-negative values. ")
if (!any(w > 0)) {
stop("No positive weights in 'w'.")
}
if (na.rm) {
ind <- which(!is.na(x))
if(length(ind) == 0) return(NA)
arma_weighted_var(x[ind], w[ind], method)
} else {
arma_weighted_var(x, w, method)
}
}
#' @export
#' @method weighted_var matrix
weighted_var.matrix <- function(x, w, method = c("moment", "unbiased"), na.rm = FALSE) {
if (nrow(x) != length(w)) stop("Length of 'w' is not equal to the number of rows in 'x'. ")
if (length(na.rm) > 1 || !is.logical(na.rm)) stop("Argument 'na.rm' should be a logical of length one.")
method <- pmatch(match.arg(method), c("moment", "unbiased")) - 1L
if (!is.numeric(w) || any(w < 0)) stop ("Weight vector 'w' must contain only non-negative values. ")
if (!any(w > 0)) {
stop("No positive weights in 'w'.")
}
if (na.rm) {
warning("Argument 'na.rm' ignored. ")
arma_weighted_var_vec(x, w, method)
} else {
arma_weighted_var_vec(x, w, method)
}
}
#' @export
#' @method weighted_var array
weighted_var.array <- function(x, w, method = c("moment", "unbiased"), na.rm = FALSE) {
if (length(dim(x)) != 3) stop("'x' must be three dimensional. ")
if (dim(x)[3] != length(w)) stop("Length of 'w' is not equal to the third dimension of 'x'. ")
if (length(na.rm) > 1 || !is.logical(na.rm)) stop("Argument 'na.rm' should be a logical of length one.")
method <- pmatch(match.arg(method), c("moment", "unbiased")) - 1L
if (!is.numeric(w) || any(w < 0)) stop ("Weight vector 'w' must contain only non-negative values. ")
if (!any(w > 0)) {
stop("No positive weights in 'w'.")
}
if (na.rm) {
warning("Argument 'na.rm' ignored. ")
arma_weighted_var_mat(x, w, method)
} else {
arma_weighted_var_mat(x, w, method)
}
}
#' Running variance of a vector
#'
#' Computes running variance of a vector, returning the values from each step.
#'
#' @export
#' @param x A numeric vector or object that can be coerced to such.
#' @inheritParams weighted_var
#' @param na.rm If \code{TRUE}, \code{NA} values in \code{x} are
#' omitted from the computation. Default is \code{FALSE}.
#' @return A vector containing the recursive variance estimates.
running_var <- function(x, method = c("moment", "unbiased"), na.rm = FALSE) {
method <- pmatch(match.arg(method), c("moment", "unbiased")) - 1L
if (length(na.rm) > 1 || !is.logical(na.rm)) stop("Argument 'na.rm' should be a logical of length one.")
if (na.rm) {
ind <- which(!is.na(x))
if(length(ind) == 0) return(NA)
arma_running_var(x[ind], method)
} else {
arma_running_var(x, method)
}
}
#' Running weighted variance of a vector
#'
#' Computes running weighted variance of a vector, returning the values from each step.
#'
#' @export
#' @param x A numeric vector or object that can be coerced to such.
#' @inheritParams weighted_var
#' @return A vector containing the recursive weighted variance estimates.
running_weighted_var <- function(x, w, method = c("moment", "unbiased"), na.rm = FALSE) {
if (length(x) != length(w)) stop("'x' and 'w' have unequal lengths. ")
if (length(na.rm) > 1 || !is.logical(na.rm)) stop("Argument 'na.rm' should be a logical of length one.")
method <- pmatch(match.arg(method), c("moment", "unbiased")) - 1L
if (!is.numeric(w) || any(w < 0)) stop ("Weight vector 'w' must contain only non-negative values. ")
if (!any(w > 0)) {
stop("No positive weights in 'w'.")
}
start <- which(w > 0)[1]
if (na.rm) {
ind <- which(!is.na(x))
if(length(ind) == 0) return(NA)
arma_running_weighted_var(x[start:length(x)][ind], w[start:length(x)][ind], method)
} else {
arma_running_weighted_var(x[start:length(x)], w[start:length(x)], method)
}
}
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