R/singcar.R

In singcar: Comparing Single Cases to Small Samples

#' singcar: Comparing Single Cases to Small Samples
#'
#' The aim of \pkg{singcar} is to provide and encourage usage of appropriate
#' statistical methods for comparing a case against a control sample. For
#' instance, they may commonly be done in a neuropsychological context, in which
#' an individual has incurred a specific brain injury and we wish to test
#' whether this damage has led to an impairment of some cognitive function and
#' whether two different functions are dissociable. For many cognitive functions
#' there is normed data available which the patient can be compared against
#' directly. However, when this is not possible a control sample estimating the
#' population, against which we wish to compare the patient, must be used. Both
#' frequentist and Bayesian methods have been developed to do this, first and
#' foremost by John Crawford and Paul Garthwaite (Crawford et al., 2011;
#' Crawford & Garthwaite, 2002, 2007, 2005; Crawford & Howell, 1998). It is
#' these methods that \pkg{singcar} implements. Power calculators for each respective
#' test are also provided. Although the canonical applications for these tests
#' are in Cognitive Neuropsychology or Clinical Neuropsychology, they are
#' potentially applicable to any circumstance in which a measure taken from a
#' single individual is to be compared against data from a normative sample
#' (i.e. a control group). It should be noted that these statistical methods
#' could also be applied as a general method of outlier detection in small
#' samples.
#'
#' @section singcar functions:
#' \code{\link{TD}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{BTD}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{BTD_cov}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{RSDT}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{UDT}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{BSDT}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{BSDT_cov}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{TD_power}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{BTD_power}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{BTD_cov_power}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{RSDT_power}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{UDT_power}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{BSDT_power}()}
#'
#' \code{\link{BSDT_cov_power}()}
#'
#' @references
#' Crawford, J., & Garthwaite, P. (2002). Investigation of the single case in
#' neuropsychology: Confidence limits on the abnormality of test scores and test
#' score differences. Neuropsychologia, 40(8), 1196-1208.
#' https://doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3932(01)00224-X
#'
#' Crawford, J., & Garthwaite, P. (2007). Comparison of a single case to a
#' control or normative sample in neuropsychology: Development of a Bayesian
#' approach. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 24(4), 343-372.
#' https://doi.org/10.1080/02643290701290146
#'
#' Crawford, J., & Garthwaite, P. (2005). Testing for Suspected Impairments and
#' Dissociations in Single-Case Studies in Neuropsychology: Evaluation of
#' Alternatives Using Monte Carlo Simulations and Revised Tests for
#' Dissociations. Neuropsychology, 19(3), 318-331.
#' https://doi.org/10.1037/0894-4105.19.3.318
#'
#' Crawford, J., Garthwaite, P., & Ryan, K. (2011). Comparing a single case to a
#' control sample: Testing for neuropsychological deficits and dissociations in
#' the presence of covariates. Cortex, 47(10), 1166-1178.
#' https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2011.02.017
#'
#' Crawford, J., & Howell, D. (1998). Comparing an Individual's Test Score
#' Against Norms Derived from Small Samples. The Clinical Neuropsychologist,
#' 12(4), 482-486. https://doi.org/10.1076/clin.12.4.482.7241
#'
#' @docType package
#' @name singcar
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