#' mortality_rate
#'
#' @description Calculate daily mortality rates for Aedes in function to the stage considered.
#'
#' @param tair numeric: Temperature in Celsius Degree of (I) air: for "Adult" stage - (II) for "Diapausant Eggs" the Minimal winter seasonal temperature .
#' @param twater numeric: Water Temperature in Celsius degree.
#' @param urel numeric: Relative humidity in \% ( 0-100).
#' @param stage char string: Name of stage ( Diapausant Eggs - Eggs - Larval - Pupae - Adult). Default is "Eggs".
#' @param air_dryness logical: if the saturation deficit of air is taken into account as supplementary agent for adult mortality.
#' @return m_rate numeric: daily mortality rate for the stage.
#' @references
#' Poletti et al,2011, Transmission Potential of Chikungunya Virus and Control Measures: The Case of Italy. PLoS ONE 6(5).
#' Magori et al,2009, Skeeter Buster: A Stochastic, Spatially Explicit Modeling Tool for Studying Aedes aegypti Population Replacement and Population Suppression Strategies. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3(9).
#' Brady et al,2013, Modelling adult Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus survival at different temperatures in laboratory
#' and field settings. Parasites & Vectors 2013, 6:351
#'
#' @author Istituto di Biometeorologia Firenze Italy Alfonso crisci \email{a.crisci@@ibimet.cnr.it} ASL 2 LUCCA Marco Selmi \email{m.selmi@@usl2.toscana.it}
#' @keywords Mortality rates
#'
#'
#'
#' @export
mortality_rate<-function( tair = 24, twater = 24, urel =60, stage = "Eggs", air_dryness = FALSE) {
sature_deficit= 6.1078 * 10**(( 7.5 * tair ) / ( 237.7 + tair ) ) *( 1- urel/100 );
sature_deficit=ifelse( sature_deficit > 30 , 30 , sature_deficit);
if ( stage == "Eggs" )
{
me=ifelse((twater < 35.0)||(twater > 15.0),(506-(506*exp(-(((twater-25)/27.3)**6)))),1.220816);
me=ifelse(me<0.05,0.05,me)
return(me)
}
if ( stage == "Larval" )
{
return(0.029 + (858 * exp( twater -43.4 )));
}
if ( stage == "Pupae")
{
return(0.021 + ( 37.000* exp( twater - 36.800 ) ));
}
if ( stage == "Adult" && air_dryness == FALSE)
{
return(0.031 + (95820*exp(tair - 50.400)));
}
if ( stage == "Diapausant Eggs")
{
tmin=round(tmin,0);
if(tmin > 2){
return(0);
}
else if (tmin > -10 && tmin <= 2){
return(-1.2346 * tmin + 8.179);
}
else if (tmin <= -10 && tmin > -14){
return(-18.75 * tmin - 166.67);
}
else if(tmin < -14){
return(100);
}
}
if ( stage=="Adult" && air_dryness==TRUE)
{
return(0.031 + (95820*exp(tair - 50.400))+0.04*(sd-10)/(30-10));
}
}
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