#' @title Get Census tract FIPS from block or block group FIPS
#'
#' @description Extract partial FIPS code from longer FIPS code
#' @details For information on FIPS codes, see <http://www.census.gov/geo/reference/ansi.html>,
#' and also see <https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/geoidentifiers.html>
#' It does not check to see if the codes are valid other than counting how many characters each has.
#' @param fips Vector of one or more elements, character class, 11, 12 or 15 characters long after missing leading zeroes inferred (tract, block group or block), required.
#' @param clean Does not use clean.fips() if FALSE, which helps if the countiesall or other list is not yet updated, for example and lacks some new FIPS code
#' @return Returns a vector of one or more character elements, same lengths as fips.
#' NA where input cannot be converted to tract/block group/block length code, as with county or state fips as input.
#' @template seealsoFIPS
#' @examples
#' samplefips <- c("011030001003", "011030001003001", 02610, 11030001003001, 35, 1,
#' NA, 'invalidtext', '02')
#' get.fips.tract(samplefips)
#' @export
get.fips.tract <- function(fips, clean=TRUE) {
if (clean) {fips <- clean.fips(fips)} # checks length, NAs, infers missing leading zero, warns
# IF IT IS A COUNTY OR STATE FIPS IT CANNOT BE MADE INTO A TRACT FIPS SO RETURN NA
fips[nchar(fips) < 11] <- NA
return(as.character(substr(fips, 1, 11)))
}
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