tests/Test_Wakker_2010.R
In gary-au/pt: Computational models for prospect theory and other theories of risky decision making
library("pt")
########################
# Wakker, P. P. (2010). Prospect theory: For risk and ambiguity. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
########################
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.a, p.51
# lower prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 70 8.345 69.64 0.359
# 2 1 2 82.5 9.057 82.02 0.4762
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.b, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 34 5.769 33.28 0.7206
# 2 1 2 32 5.584 31.18 0.8235
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.c, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.c.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 66 8.105 65.7 0.3015
# 2 1 2 50 7.071 50 -0.000000000000007105
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.d, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.d.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 3.88 1.94 3.764 0.1164
# 2 1 2 4.96 1.24 1.538 3.422
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.e, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.e.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 40000000 5657 32000000 8000000
# 2 1 2 10000000 3162 10000000 -0.000000001863
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.f, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.f.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 2000000 282.8 80000 1920000
# 2 1 2 500000 158.1 25000 475000
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.g, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.g.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 13900000 3522 12401201 1498799
# 2 1 2 10000000 3162 10000000 -0.000000001863
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.h, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.h.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 5000000 707.1 500000 4500000
# 2 1 2 1100000 347.9 121000 979000
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.2.a, p.52
# gamble has a higher EU than the sure thing
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.2.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 91.2 9.308 86.64 4.56
# 2 1 2 91.2 9.55 91.2 0
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.2.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.2.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 3.88 1.94 3.764 0.1164
# 2 1 2 3 1.732 3 0.0000000000000004441
########################
# solution to Exercise 2.5.2.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_2.5.2.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 45.7 6.7 44.89 0.81
########################
# solution to Exercise 2.5.2.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_2.5.2.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 61.5 7.5 56.25 5.25
########################
# workings to Figure 4.12.1.a
########################
# illustration of Allais paradox. people should choose both a1 and b1 or a2 and b2 to be consistent.
# but they don't.
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_4.12.1.a1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 3250 20.55 422.5 2828
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_4.12.1.a2.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 4500 16.43 270 4230
########################
# workings to Figure 4.12.1.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_4.12.1.b1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 25000 158.1 25000 -0.000000000003638
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_4.12.1.b2.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 26250 154 23713 2537
########################
# solution to Exercise 5.4.3
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_5.4.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_utility <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.16667 0.00000 0.00000 0.40825 80 32.660
# 1 2 30 0.50000 0.16667 0.40825 0.40825 30 44.907
# 1 3 20 0.33333 0.66667 0.81650 0.18350 20 48.577
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 35 48.58 48.58 -13.58
########################
# workings to Example 5.6.1
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_5.6.1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_utility <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight("power", c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 2 80 0.2 0.0 0.00 0.04 80 3.2
# 1 1 50 0.3 0.2 0.04 0.21 50 13.7
# 1 3 10 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.75 10 21.2
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 36 21.2 21.2 14.8
########################
# solution to Exercise 5.6.1.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_5.6.1.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="general_power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=10, gamma=0.5, delta=10, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_power_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 2 64 0.33333 0.00000 0.00000 0.11111 80 8.8889
# 1 1 49 0.16667 0.33333 0.11111 0.13889 70 18.6111
# 1 3 9 0.50000 0.50000 0.25000 0.75000 30 41.1111
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 34 41.11 16.9 17.1
########################
# solution to Exercise 5.6.1.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_5.6.1.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="general_power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=10, gamma=0.5, delta=10, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_power_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.083333 0.000000 0.0000000 0.0069444 89.443 0.62113
# 1 2 60 0.250000 0.083333 0.0069444 0.1041667 77.460 8.68985
# 1 3 40 0.166667 0.333333 0.1111111 0.1388889 63.246 17.47395
# 1 4 20 0.500000 0.500000 0.2500000 0.7500000 44.721 51.01497
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 38.33 51.01 26.03 12.31
########################
# solution to Exercise 5.6.2
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_5.6.2.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_utility <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.16667 0.00000 0.000000 0.027778 80 2.2222
# 1 2 30 0.50000 0.16667 0.027778 0.416667 30 14.7222
# 1 3 20 0.33333 0.66667 0.444444 0.555556 20 25.8333
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 35 25.83 25.83 9.167
########################
# solution to Assignment 5.6.3
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_5.6.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="general_power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=10, gamma=0.5, delta=10, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_power_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 81 0.25 0.00 0.0000 0.0625 90 5.625
# 1 2 25 0.50 0.25 0.0625 0.5000 50 30.625
# 1 3 0 0.25 0.75 0.5625 0.4375 0 30.625
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 32.75 30.62 9.379 23.37
########################
# workings to Figure 6.3.1.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_6.3.1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_linear_utility <- Utility(fun="general_linear", par=c(alpha=1/100, beta=1/100, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.25 0.00 0.0000 0.0625 0.8 0.0500
# 1 2 60 0.25 0.25 0.0625 0.1875 0.6 0.1625
# 1 3 40 0.25 0.50 0.2500 0.3125 0.4 0.2875
# 1 4 20 0.25 0.75 0.5625 0.4375 0.2 0.3750
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 50 0.375 37.5 12.5
########################
# workings to Figure 6.3.1.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_6.3.1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_linear_utility <- Utility(fun="general_linear", par=c(alpha=1/100, beta=1/100, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.25 0.00 0.00000 0.50000 0.8 0.40000
# 1 2 60 0.25 0.25 0.50000 0.20711 0.6 0.52426
# 1 3 40 0.25 0.50 0.70711 0.15892 0.4 0.58783
# 1 4 20 0.25 0.75 0.86603 0.13397 0.2 0.61463
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 50 0.6146 61.46 -11.46
########################
# solution to Exercise 7.2.1
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_7.2.1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_linear_utility <- Utility(fun="general_linear", par=c(alpha=1/100, beta=1/100, lambda=1))
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.5))
compareRDU(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, general_linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 70 0.2 0.0 0.00000 0.24845 0.7 0.17392
# 1 2 50 0.6 0.2 0.24845 0.24845 0.5 0.29814
# 1 3 30 0.2 0.8 0.49690 0.50310 0.3 0.44907
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 50 0.4491 44.91 5.093
########################
# workings to Exercise 7.2.3
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_7.2.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_7_2_1_cara_utility <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=1))
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
compareRDU(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, example_7_2_1_cara_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.00000 0.42064 0.32968 0.138676
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.42064 0.57936 -0.10517 0.077744
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.07774 16.19 13.81
########################
# workings to Example 9.3.3
########################
# PT(U, w, lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=2.25))
example_9_3_3_positive_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
example_9_3_3_negative_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, example_9_3_3_negative_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.4206 0.3297 0.13868
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.4206 -0.2366 0.03914
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.03914 7.985 22.01
# PT(w, lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=2.25))
example_9_3_3_positive_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
example_9_3_3_negative_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, example_9_3_3_negative_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.4206 80 33.65
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.4206 -45 14.72
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 14.72 14.72 15.28
# PT(U, lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=2.25))
example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
comparePT(my_choices, example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.5 0.3297 0.16484
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 -0.2366 0.04652
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.04652 9.528 20.47
# PT(lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=2.25))
example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
comparePT(my_choices, example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.5 80 40.0
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 -45 17.5
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 17.5 17.5 12.5
#RDU (U, w)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=1))
example_9_3_3_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
compareRDU(my_choices, example_9_3_3_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.0000 0.4206 0.3297 0.13868
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.4206 0.5794 -0.1052 0.07774
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.07774 16.19 13.81
#RDU (w)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
example_9_3_3_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
compareRDU(my_choices, example_9_3_3_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.0000 0.4206 80 33.65
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.4206 0.5794 -20 22.06
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 22.06 22.06 7.936
# EU(U)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.1123 23.81 6.186
# EV
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
compareEV(my_choices, digits=4)
# cid gid ev
# 1 1 1 30
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.4.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.4.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
exercise_9_3_4_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=2))
comparePT(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_probability_weighting, exercise_9_3_4_utility, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 9 0.1 0.01 3 0.03
# 1 2 4 0.4 0.24 2 0.51
# 1 3 -4 0.4 0.40 -4 -1.09
# 1 4 -9 0.1 0.10 -6 -1.69
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 0 -1.69 -0.714 0.714
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.4.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.4.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
exercise_9_3_4_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=2))
comparePT(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_probability_weighting, exercise_9_3_4_utility, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 36 0.1 0.01 6 0.06
# 1 2 25 0.2 0.08 5 0.46
# 1 3 -9 0.3 0.30 -6 -1.34
# 1 4 -16 0.4 0.40 -8 -4.54
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 -0.5 -4.54 -5.153 4.653
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.5.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.5.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 12 0.15 0.2269 8.906 2.0209
# 1 2 7 0.35 0.1937 5.542 3.0946
# 1 3 -2 0.30 0.1970 -4.141 2.2790
# 1 4 -5 0.20 0.2570 -9.274 -0.1047
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 2.65 -0.1047 -0.03064 2.681
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.5.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.5.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 36 0.7 0.53382 23.42 12.501
# 1 2 25 0.1 0.07362 16.99 13.752
# 1 3 -9 0.1 0.08688 -15.56 12.400
# 1 4 -16 0.1 0.17015 -25.81 8.008
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 25.2 8.008 10.64 14.56
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.05527 47.28 2.613
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.29444 36.71 13.422
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.19070 19.95 17.226
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.32091 -44.88 2.823
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 2.823 3.253 20.35
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
tk_1992_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=1))
comparePT(my_choices, linear_probability_weighting, linear_probability_weighting, tk_1992_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.01 47.28 0.4728
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.35 36.71 13.3210
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.35 19.95 20.3023
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.29 -19.95 14.5178
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 14.52 20.91 2.691
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.c
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
compareRDU(my_choices, tk_1992_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.00 0.00000 0.05527 80 4.421
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.01 0.05527 0.29444 60 22.088
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.36 0.34971 0.19070 30 27.809
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.71 0.54041 0.45959 -30 14.021
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 14.02 14.02 9.579
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.d
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_probability_weighting, tk_1992_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.05527 80 4.421
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.29444 60 22.088
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.19070 30 27.809
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.31298 -30 18.419
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 18.42 18.42 5.181
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.e
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
linear_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, linear_probability_weighting, linear_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.01 80.0 0.80
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.35 60.0 21.80
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.35 30.0 32.30
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.29 -67.5 12.72
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 12.72 12.72 10.88
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.a
########################
# PT(U, w, lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=2))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, power_utility, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.3472 36.71 12.75
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.2117 19.95 16.97
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.3537 -39.89 2.86
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 2.86 3.301 16.2
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.b
########################
# EU(U)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 11.91 16.7 2.796
# replicating EU(U) result using more general PT framework
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=1))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, power_utility, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.33 36.71 12.11
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.33 19.95 18.70
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.34 -19.95 11.91
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 11.91 16.7 2.796
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.c
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
compareRDU(my_choices, tk_1992_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.00 0.0000 0.3472 60 20.83
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.33 0.3472 0.2117 30 27.18
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.66 0.5589 0.4411 -30 13.95
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 13.95 13.95 5.547
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.d
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.3472 60 20.83
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.2117 30 27.18
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.3537 -30 16.57
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 16.57 16.57 2.925
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.e
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
linear_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=2))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, linear_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.33 60 19.8
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.33 30 29.7
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.34 -60 9.3
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 9.3 9.3 10.2
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
compareEV(my_choices, digits=4)
# cid gid ev
# 1 1 1 30
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 2.236 5 25
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.c
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.00 0.25 80 20
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.75 -20 5
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 5 5 25
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.d
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, tk_1992_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.00 0.25 8.944 2.236
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.75 -4.472 -1.118
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 -1.118 -1.25 31.25
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.e
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
linear_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, linear_probability_weighting, linear_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.5 80 40.0
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 -45 17.5
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 17.5 17.5 12.5
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.f
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, linear_probability_weighting, linear_probability_weighting, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.5 8.944 4.472
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 -10.062 -0.559
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 -0.559 -0.06173 30.06
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.g
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
linear_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.25 80 20.00
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.25 -45 8.75
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 8.75 8.75 21.25
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.h
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, pow_prob_weight, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.25 8.944 2.2361
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.25 -10.062 -0.2795
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 -0.2795 -0.01543 30.02
gary-au/pt documentation built on May 16, 2019, 5:41 p.m.
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library("pt")
########################
# Wakker, P. P. (2010). Prospect theory: For risk and ambiguity. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
########################
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.a, p.51
# lower prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 70 8.345 69.64 0.359
# 2 1 2 82.5 9.057 82.02 0.4762
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.b, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 34 5.769 33.28 0.7206
# 2 1 2 32 5.584 31.18 0.8235
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.c, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.c.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 66 8.105 65.7 0.3015
# 2 1 2 50 7.071 50 -0.000000000000007105
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.d, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.d.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 3.88 1.94 3.764 0.1164
# 2 1 2 4.96 1.24 1.538 3.422
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.e, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.e.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 40000000 5657 32000000 8000000
# 2 1 2 10000000 3162 10000000 -0.000000001863
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.f, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.f.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 2000000 282.8 80000 1920000
# 2 1 2 500000 158.1 25000 475000
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.g, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.g.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 13900000 3522 12401201 1498799
# 2 1 2 10000000 3162 10000000 -0.000000001863
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.1.h, p.51
# upper prospect has higher EU
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.1.h.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=general_power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 5000000 707.1 500000 4500000
# 2 1 2 1100000 347.9 121000 979000
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.2.a, p.52
# gamble has a higher EU than the sure thing
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.2.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, utility=my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 91.2 9.308 86.64 4.56
# 2 1 2 91.2 9.55 91.2 0
########################
# workings to Figure 2.4.2.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_2.4.2.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 3.88 1.94 3.764 0.1164
# 2 1 2 3 1.732 3 0.0000000000000004441
########################
# solution to Exercise 2.5.2.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_2.5.2.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 45.7 6.7 44.89 0.81
########################
# solution to Exercise 2.5.2.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_2.5.2.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 61.5 7.5 56.25 5.25
########################
# workings to Figure 4.12.1.a
########################
# illustration of Allais paradox. people should choose both a1 and b1 or a2 and b2 to be consistent.
# but they don't.
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_4.12.1.a1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 3250 20.55 422.5 2828
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_4.12.1.a2.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 4500 16.43 270 4230
########################
# workings to Figure 4.12.1.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_4.12.1.b1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 25000 158.1 25000 -0.000000000003638
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_4.12.1.b2.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
my_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, my_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 26250 154 23713 2537
########################
# solution to Exercise 5.4.3
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_5.4.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_utility <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.16667 0.00000 0.00000 0.40825 80 32.660
# 1 2 30 0.50000 0.16667 0.40825 0.40825 30 44.907
# 1 3 20 0.33333 0.66667 0.81650 0.18350 20 48.577
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 35 48.58 48.58 -13.58
########################
# workings to Example 5.6.1
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_5.6.1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_utility <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight("power", c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 2 80 0.2 0.0 0.00 0.04 80 3.2
# 1 1 50 0.3 0.2 0.04 0.21 50 13.7
# 1 3 10 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.75 10 21.2
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 36 21.2 21.2 14.8
########################
# solution to Exercise 5.6.1.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_5.6.1.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="general_power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=10, gamma=0.5, delta=10, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_power_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 2 64 0.33333 0.00000 0.00000 0.11111 80 8.8889
# 1 1 49 0.16667 0.33333 0.11111 0.13889 70 18.6111
# 1 3 9 0.50000 0.50000 0.25000 0.75000 30 41.1111
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 34 41.11 16.9 17.1
########################
# solution to Exercise 5.6.1.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_5.6.1.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="general_power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=10, gamma=0.5, delta=10, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_power_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.083333 0.000000 0.0000000 0.0069444 89.443 0.62113
# 1 2 60 0.250000 0.083333 0.0069444 0.1041667 77.460 8.68985
# 1 3 40 0.166667 0.333333 0.1111111 0.1388889 63.246 17.47395
# 1 4 20 0.500000 0.500000 0.2500000 0.7500000 44.721 51.01497
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 38.33 51.01 26.03 12.31
########################
# solution to Exercise 5.6.2
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_5.6.2.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_utility <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.16667 0.00000 0.000000 0.027778 80 2.2222
# 1 2 30 0.50000 0.16667 0.027778 0.416667 30 14.7222
# 1 3 20 0.33333 0.66667 0.444444 0.555556 20 25.8333
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 35 25.83 25.83 9.167
########################
# solution to Assignment 5.6.3
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_5.6.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_power_utility <- Utility(fun="general_power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=10, gamma=0.5, delta=10, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_power_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 81 0.25 0.00 0.0000 0.0625 90 5.625
# 1 2 25 0.50 0.25 0.0625 0.5000 50 30.625
# 1 3 0 0.25 0.75 0.5625 0.4375 0 30.625
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 32.75 30.62 9.379 23.37
########################
# workings to Figure 6.3.1.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_6.3.1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_linear_utility <- Utility(fun="general_linear", par=c(alpha=1/100, beta=1/100, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2.0, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.25 0.00 0.0000 0.0625 0.8 0.0500
# 1 2 60 0.25 0.25 0.0625 0.1875 0.6 0.1625
# 1 3 40 0.25 0.50 0.2500 0.3125 0.4 0.2875
# 1 4 20 0.25 0.75 0.5625 0.4375 0.2 0.3750
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 50 0.375 37.5 12.5
########################
# workings to Figure 6.3.1.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "figure_6.3.1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_linear_utility <- Utility(fun="general_linear", par=c(alpha=1/100, beta=1/100, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=1.0))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, general_linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.25 0.00 0.00000 0.50000 0.8 0.40000
# 1 2 60 0.25 0.25 0.50000 0.20711 0.6 0.52426
# 1 3 40 0.25 0.50 0.70711 0.15892 0.4 0.58783
# 1 4 20 0.25 0.75 0.86603 0.13397 0.2 0.61463
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 50 0.6146 61.46 -11.46
########################
# solution to Exercise 7.2.1
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_7.2.1.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
general_linear_utility <- Utility(fun="general_linear", par=c(alpha=1/100, beta=1/100, lambda=1))
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.5))
compareRDU(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, general_linear_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 70 0.2 0.0 0.00000 0.24845 0.7 0.17392
# 1 2 50 0.6 0.2 0.24845 0.24845 0.5 0.29814
# 1 3 30 0.2 0.8 0.49690 0.50310 0.3 0.44907
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 50 0.4491 44.91 5.093
########################
# workings to Exercise 7.2.3
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_7.2.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_7_2_1_cara_utility <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=1))
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
compareRDU(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, example_7_2_1_cara_utility, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.00000 0.42064 0.32968 0.138676
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.42064 0.57936 -0.10517 0.077744
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.07774 16.19 13.81
########################
# workings to Example 9.3.3
########################
# PT(U, w, lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=2.25))
example_9_3_3_positive_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
example_9_3_3_negative_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, example_9_3_3_negative_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.4206 0.3297 0.13868
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.4206 -0.2366 0.03914
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.03914 7.985 22.01
# PT(w, lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=2.25))
example_9_3_3_positive_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
example_9_3_3_negative_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, example_9_3_3_negative_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.4206 80 33.65
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.4206 -45 14.72
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 14.72 14.72 15.28
# PT(U, lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=2.25))
example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
comparePT(my_choices, example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.5 0.3297 0.16484
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 -0.2366 0.04652
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.04652 9.528 20.47
# PT(lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=2.25))
example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
comparePT(my_choices, example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.5 80 40.0
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 -45 17.5
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 17.5 17.5 12.5
#RDU (U, w)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=1))
example_9_3_3_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
compareRDU(my_choices, example_9_3_3_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.0000 0.4206 0.3297 0.13868
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.4206 0.5794 -0.1052 0.07774
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.07774 16.19 13.81
#RDU (w)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
example_9_3_3_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
compareRDU(my_choices, example_9_3_3_probability_weighting, example_9_3_3_linear_basic_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.0000 0.4206 80 33.65
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.4206 0.5794 -20 22.06
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 22.06 22.06 7.936
# EU(U)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="exponential", par=c(alpha=0.005, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, example_9_3_3_cara_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 0.1123 23.81 6.186
# EV
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "example_9.3.3.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
compareEV(my_choices, digits=4)
# cid gid ev
# 1 1 1 30
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.4.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.4.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
exercise_9_3_4_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=2))
comparePT(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_probability_weighting, exercise_9_3_4_utility, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 9 0.1 0.01 3 0.03
# 1 2 4 0.4 0.24 2 0.51
# 1 3 -4 0.4 0.40 -4 -1.09
# 1 4 -9 0.1 0.10 -6 -1.69
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 0 -1.69 -0.714 0.714
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.4.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.4.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="linear", par=c(lambda=1))
exercise_9_3_4_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=2))
comparePT(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_probability_weighting, exercise_9_3_4_utility, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 36 0.1 0.01 6 0.06
# 1 2 25 0.2 0.08 5 0.46
# 1 3 -9 0.3 0.30 -6 -1.34
# 1 4 -16 0.4 0.40 -8 -4.54
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 -0.5 -4.54 -5.153 4.653
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.5.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.5.a.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 12 0.15 0.2269 8.906 2.0209
# 1 2 7 0.35 0.1937 5.542 3.0946
# 1 3 -2 0.30 0.1970 -4.141 2.2790
# 1 4 -5 0.20 0.2570 -9.274 -0.1047
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 2.65 -0.1047 -0.03064 2.681
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.5.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.5.b.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 36 0.7 0.53382 23.42 12.501
# 1 2 25 0.1 0.07362 16.99 13.752
# 1 3 -9 0.1 0.08688 -15.56 12.400
# 1 4 -16 0.1 0.17015 -25.81 8.008
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 25.2 8.008 10.64 14.56
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.05527 47.28 2.613
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.29444 36.71 13.422
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.19070 19.95 17.226
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.32091 -44.88 2.823
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 2.823 3.253 20.35
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
tk_1992_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=1))
comparePT(my_choices, linear_probability_weighting, linear_probability_weighting, tk_1992_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.01 47.28 0.4728
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.35 36.71 13.3210
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.35 19.95 20.3023
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.29 -19.95 14.5178
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 14.52 20.91 2.691
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.c
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
compareRDU(my_choices, tk_1992_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.00 0.00000 0.05527 80 4.421
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.01 0.05527 0.29444 60 22.088
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.36 0.34971 0.19070 30 27.809
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.71 0.54041 0.45959 -30 14.021
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 14.02 14.02 9.579
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.d
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.61))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_probability_weighting, tk_1992_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.05527 80 4.421
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.29444 60 22.088
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.19070 30 27.809
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.31298 -30 18.419
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 18.42 18.42 5.181
########################
# solution to Exercise 9.3.7.e
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "exercise_9.3.7.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1))
linear_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, linear_probability_weighting, linear_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.01 0.01 80.0 0.80
# 1 2 60 0.35 0.35 60.0 21.80
# 1 3 30 0.35 0.35 30.0 32.30
# 1 4 -30 0.29 0.29 -67.5 12.72
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 23.6 12.72 12.72 10.88
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.a
########################
# PT(U, w, lambda)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=2))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, power_utility, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.3472 36.71 12.75
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.2117 19.95 16.97
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.3537 -39.89 2.86
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 2.86 3.301 16.2
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.b
########################
# EU(U)
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 11.91 16.7 2.796
# replicating EU(U) result using more general PT framework
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.88, beta=0.88, lambda=1))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, power_utility, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.33 36.71 12.11
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.33 19.95 18.70
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.34 -19.95 11.91
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 11.91 16.7 2.796
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.c
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
compareRDU(my_choices, tk_1992_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.00 0.0000 0.3472 60 20.83
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.33 0.3472 0.2117 30 27.18
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.66 0.5589 0.4411 -30 13.95
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 13.95 13.95 5.547
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.d
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=0.69))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.3472 60 20.83
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.2117 30 27.18
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.3537 -30 16.57
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 16.57 16.57 2.925
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.9.e
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.9.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_positive_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
tk_1992_negative_probWeight <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
linear_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=2))
comparePT(my_choices, tk_1992_positive_probWeight, tk_1992_negative_probWeight, linear_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 60 0.33 0.33 60 19.8
# 1 2 30 0.33 0.33 30 29.7
# 1 3 -30 0.34 0.34 -60 9.3
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 19.5 9.3 9.3 10.2
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.a
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
compareEV(my_choices, digits=4)
# cid gid ev
# 1 1 1 30
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.b
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
power_utility <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
compareEU(my_choices, power_utility, digits=4)
# cid gid ev eu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 2.236 5 25
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.c
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=1))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.00 0.25 80 20
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.75 -20 5
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 5 5 25
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.d
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
tk_1992_utility_with_no_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=1))
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
compareRDU(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, tk_1992_utility_with_no_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid oid oc pr rnk w dw sv rdu
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.0 0.00 0.25 8.944 2.236
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.75 -4.472 -1.118
# cid gid ev rdu ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 -1.118 -1.25 31.25
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.e
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
linear_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, linear_probability_weighting, linear_probability_weighting, linear_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.5 80 40.0
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 -45 17.5
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 17.5 17.5 12.5
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.f
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
linear_probability_weighting <- ProbWeight(fun="Tversky_Kahneman_1992", par=c(c=1.0))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, linear_probability_weighting, linear_probability_weighting, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.5 8.944 4.472
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.5 -10.062 -0.559
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 -0.559 -0.06173 30.06
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.g
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
linear_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=1, beta=1, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, pow_prob_weight, linear_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.25 80 20.00
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.25 -45 8.75
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 8.75 8.75 21.25
########################
# solution to Assignment 9.3.11.h
########################
my_input_file <- system.file("external", "assignment_9.3.11.txt", package="pt")
my_choices <- choicesFromFile(input_file=my_input_file, choice_id_header="choice_id", gamble_id_header="gamble_id", outcome_id_header="outcome_id", objective_consequence_header="objective_consequence", probability_header="probability", DELIMITER="\t")
my_choices
pow_prob_weight <- ProbWeight(fun="power", par=c(alpha=2, beta=1))
tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion <- Utility(fun="power", par=c(alpha=0.5, beta=0.5, lambda=2.25))
comparePT(my_choices, pow_prob_weight, pow_prob_weight, tk_1992_utility_with_loss_aversion, digits=4)
# gid od oc pr dw sv pt
# 1 1 80 0.5 0.25 8.944 2.2361
# 1 2 -20 0.5 0.25 -10.062 -0.2795
# cid gid ev pt ce rp
# 1 1 1 30 -0.2795 -0.01543 30.02
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