#' Calculate the nearest element in a vector as compared to a reference value
#'
#' the \code{nearest} function returns the position of a vector that is closest to a defined
#' value by determining the element with the smallest squared distance.
#'
#' @param value A numeric reference value
#' @param lookup_vector The vector to compare to the reference value
#'
#' @return Vector element index of nearest value
#'
#' @examples
#' set.seed(1)
#' x <- runif(10, min=0, max=100)
#' res <- nearest(50, x)
#' plot(x)
#' abline(h=50, col=8, lty=2)
#' points(res, x[res], pch=20, col=2)
#'
#' @export
#'
nearest <- function (value, lookup_vector)
{
diff_sq=(value-lookup_vector)^2
order(diff_sq, decreasing = FALSE)[1]
}
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