plot.LaMaResiduals: Plot pseudo-residuals

In LaMa: Fast Numerical Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Latent Markov Models

Plot pseudo-residuals

Description

Plot pseudo-residuals computed by pseudo_res.

Usage

## S3 method for class 'LaMaResiduals'
plot(
  x,
  col = "darkblue",
  lwd = 1.5,
  main = NULL,
  breaks = "Sturges",
  axis.lab = list(qq = c("Theoretical quantiles", "Sample quantiles"), hist =
    c("Pseudo-residuals", "Density"), acf = c("Lag", "ACF")),
  ...
)

Arguments

x	pseudo-residuals as returned by pseudo_res
col	character, color for the QQ-line (and density curve if histogram = TRUE)
lwd	numeric, line width for the QQ-line (and density curve if histogram = TRUE)
main	optional character vector of main titles for the plots of length 2 (or 3 if histogram = TRUE)
breaks	breaks argument passed to hist
axis.lab	labels used for the x and y axis of each plot (named list)
...	currently ignored. For method consistency

Value

NULL, plots the pseudo-residuals in a 3-panel layout

Examples

## pseudo-residuals for the trex data
step = trex$step[1:1000]
angle = trex$angle[1:1000]

nll = function(par){
  getAll(par)
  Gamma = tpm(logitGamma)
  delta = stationary(Gamma)
  mu = exp(logMu); REPORT(mu)
  sigma = exp(logSigma); REPORT(sigma)
  kappa = exp(logKappa); REPORT(kappa)
  allprobs = matrix(1, length(step), 2)
  ind = which(!is.na(step) & !is.na(angle))
  for(j in 1:2) {
    allprobs[ind,j] = dgamma2(step[ind], mu[j], sigma[j]) * 
         dvm(angle[ind], 0, kappa[j])
  }
  -forward(delta, Gamma, allprobs)
}

par = list(logitGamma = c(-2,-2), 
           logMu = log(c(0.3, 2.5)), 
           logSigma = log(c(0.3, 1.5)),
           logKappa = log(c(0.1, 1.7)))
           
obj = MakeADFun(nll, par, silent = TRUE)
opt = nlminb(obj$par, obj$fn, obj$gr)

mod = report(obj)

pres_step = pseudo_res(step,      # observations
                       "gamma2",  # family that is used
                       list(mean = mod$mu, sd = mod$sigma), # the family's parameters
                       mod = mod) # model object
pres_angle = pseudo_res(angle,
                        "vm",
                        list(mu = 0, kappa = mod$kappa),
                        mod = mod)
                        
# separate plots 
plot(pres_step)
plot(pres_angle)

# together
par(mfrow = c(2,3))
plot(pres_step, main = c("", "Step Length", ""), 
     axis.lab = list(hist = c("Step residuals", "Density")))
plot(pres_angle, main = c("", "Turning Angle", ""),
     axis.lab = list(hist = c("Angle residuals", "Density")))

LaMa documentation built on July 25, 2026, 1:08 a.m.