an: Adaptive Normalization
In TSPred: Functions for Benchmarking Time Series Prediction

Description Usage Arguments Value Author(s) References See Also Examples

The an() function normalizes data of the provided time series to bring values into the range [0,1]. The function applies the method of Adaptive Normalization designed for non-stationary heteroscedastic (with non-uniform volatility) time series. an.rev() reverses the normalization.

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an(data, max = NULL, min = NULL, byRow = TRUE, outlier.rm = TRUE, alpha = 1.5)

an.rev(data, max, min, an)

`data`	A numeric matrix with sliding windows of time series data as returned by `sw`.
`max`	A numeric vector indicating the maximal values of each row (sliding window) in `data`. If `NULL` it is automatically computed.
`min`	A numeric vector indicating the minimum values of each row (sliding window) in `data`. If `NULL` it is automatically computed.
`byRow`	If `TRUE`, the normalization is performed by rows (sliding windows), the default.
`outlier.rm`	If `TRUE`, outlier values are removed from the data during the normalization process, the default.
`alpha`	The multiplier for the interquartile range used as base for outlier removal. The default is set to `1.5`. The value `3.0` is also commonly used to remove only the extreme outliers.
`an`	The mean of each data window computed by `an()` and returned as attribute.

data normalized between 0 and 1. max and min are returned as attributes, as well as the mean values of each row (sliding window) in data (an).

Rebecca Pontes Salles

E. Ogasawara, L. C. Martinez, D. De Oliveira, G. Zimbrao, G. L. Pappa, and M. Mattoso, 2010, Adaptive Normalization: A novel data normalization approach for non-stationary time series, Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks.

Other normalization methods: minmax()

data(CATS)
swin <- sw(CATS[,1],5)
d <- an(swin, outlier.rm=FALSE)
x <- an.rev(d, max=attributes(d)$max, min=attributes(d)$min, an=attributes(d)$an)
all(round(x,4)==round(swin,4))