inst/examples/example_predict.R

In cSEM: Composite-Based Structural Equation Modeling

### Anime example taken from https://github.com/ISS-Analytics/pls-predict/

# Load data
data(Anime) # data is similar to the Anime.csv found on 
            # https://github.com/ISS-Analytics/pls-predict/ but with irrelevant
            # columns removed

# Split into training and data the same way as it is done on 
# https://github.com/ISS-Analytics/pls-predict/
set.seed(123)

index     <- sample.int(dim(Anime)[1], 83, replace = FALSE)
dat_train <- Anime[-index, ]
dat_test  <- Anime[index, ]

# Specify model
model <- "
# Structural model

ApproachAvoidance ~ PerceivedVisualComplexity + Arousal

# Measurement/composite model

ApproachAvoidance         =~ AA0 + AA1 + AA2 + AA3
PerceivedVisualComplexity <~ VX0 + VX1 + VX2 + VX3 + VX4
Arousal                   <~ Aro1 + Aro2 + Aro3 + Aro4
"

# Estimate (replicating the results of the `simplePLS()` function)
res <- csem(dat_train, 
            model, 
            .disattenuate = FALSE, # original PLS
            .iter_max = 300, 
            .tolerance = 1e-07, 
            .PLS_weight_scheme_inner = "factorial"
)

# Predict using a user-supplied training data set
pp <- predict(res, .test_data = dat_test)
pp

### Compute prediction metrics  ------------------------------------------------
res2 <- csem(Anime, # whole data set
            model, 
            .disattenuate = FALSE, # original PLS
            .iter_max = 300, 
            .tolerance = 1e-07, 
            .PLS_weight_scheme_inner = "factorial"
)

# Predict using 10-fold cross-validation
\dontrun{
pp2 <- predict(res, .benchmark = "lm")
pp2
## There is a plot method available
plot(pp2)}

### Example using OrdPLScPredict -----------------------------------------------
# Transform the numerical indicators into factors
\dontrun{
data("BergamiBagozzi2000")
data_new <- data.frame(cei1    = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$cei1),
                       cei2    = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$cei2),
                       cei3    = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$cei3),
                       cei4    = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$cei4),
                       cei5    = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$cei5),
                       cei6    = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$cei6),
                       cei7    = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$cei7),
                       cei8    = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$cei8),
                       ma1     = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$ma1),
                       ma2     = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$ma2),
                       ma3     = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$ma3),
                       ma4     = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$ma4),
                       ma5     = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$ma5),
                       ma6     = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$ma6),
                       orgcmt1 = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$orgcmt1),
                       orgcmt2 = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$orgcmt2),
                       orgcmt3 = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$orgcmt3),
                       orgcmt5 = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$orgcmt5),
                       orgcmt6 = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$orgcmt6),
                       orgcmt7 = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$orgcmt7),
                       orgcmt8 = as.ordered(BergamiBagozzi2000$orgcmt8))

model <- "
# Measurement models
OrgPres =~ cei1 + cei2 + cei3 + cei4 + cei5 + cei6 + cei7 + cei8
OrgIden =~ ma1 + ma2 + ma3 + ma4 + ma5 + ma6
AffJoy  =~ orgcmt1 + orgcmt2 + orgcmt3 + orgcmt7
AffLove =~ orgcmt5 + orgcmt 6 + orgcmt8

# Structural model
OrgIden ~ OrgPres
AffLove ~ OrgIden
AffJoy  ~ OrgIden 
"
# Estimate using cSEM; note: the fact that indicators are factors triggers OrdPLSc
res <- csem(.model = model, .data = data_new[1:250,])
summarize(res)

# Predict using OrdPLSPredict
set.seed(123)
pred <- predict(
  .object = res, 
  .benchmark = "PLS-PM",
  .test_data = data_new[(251):305,],
   .treat_as_continuous = TRUE, .approach_score_target = "median"
  )

pred 
round(pred$Prediction_metrics[, -1], 4)}