cs_all_to_one: All-to-One Circuitscape Analysis

In circuitscaper: 'Circuitscape' and 'Omniscape' Connectivity Analysis via 'Julia'

All-to-One Circuitscape Analysis

Description

For each focal node in turn, inject current at all other focal nodes and ground that single node.

Usage

cs_all_to_one(
  resistance,
  locations,
  resistance_is = "resistances",
  four_neighbors = FALSE,
  avg_resistances = FALSE,
  short_circuit = NULL,
  included_pairs = NULL,
  write_voltage = FALSE,
  cumulative_only = TRUE,
  source_strengths = NULL,
  solver = "cg+amg",
  output_dir = NULL,
  verbose = FALSE
)

Arguments

resistance	A terra::SpatRaster or file path. The resistance (or conductance) surface. Higher values represent greater resistance to movement. Use the resistance_is argument if your surface represents conductances instead.
locations	Focal node locations, provided as any of: A terra::SpatRaster (or raster::RasterLayer) with positive integer IDs identifying each node. Cells with value 0 or NA are not treated as focal nodes. A file path to a raster file (e.g., .tif, .asc). A two-column matrix or data.frame of x/y coordinates. Each row becomes a focal node, auto-assigned IDs 1, 2, 3, ... in row order. Coordinates are snapped to the nearest cell of the resistance raster.
resistance_is	Character. Whether the resistance surface represents "resistances" (default) or "conductances".
four_neighbors	Logical. Use 4-neighbor (rook) connectivity instead of 8-neighbor (queen). Default FALSE.
avg_resistances	Logical. When using 8-neighbor connectivity, compute the resistance of diagonal connections as the average of the two cells rather than their sum. Default FALSE (Circuitscape default). Ignored when four_neighbors = TRUE.
short_circuit	Optional terra::SpatRaster or file path. Raster identifying short-circuit regions (aka polygons). Cells sharing the same positive integer value are treated as short-circuit regions with zero resistance between them. Default NULL (no short-circuit regions).
included_pairs	Optional character file path. A text file specifying which pairs of focal nodes to include or exclude from analysis. See the Circuitscape documentation for the file format. Default NULL (all pairs).
write_voltage	Logical. Write voltage maps. Default FALSE. When TRUE, per-iteration voltage layers (named voltage_1, voltage_2, ...) are included in the output raster.
cumulative_only	Logical. If TRUE (default), only the cumulative current map is returned. If FALSE, per-iteration current layers (named current_1, current_2, ...) are also included. Use with caution for large numbers of focal nodes, as this can produce many layers.
source_strengths	Optional. Variable current injection strengths for each focal node. Can be: A numeric vector with one value per focal node (in the same order as the locations input). Node IDs are assigned 1, 2, 3, ... matching the order. A character file path to a tab-delimited text file with two columns: node ID and strength in amps. Nodes not listed default to 1 amp. Default NULL (all nodes inject 1 amp).
solver	Character. Solver to use: "cg+amg" (default) or "cholmod".
output_dir	Optional character path. If provided, output files persist there. Default NULL uses a temporary directory that is cleaned up automatically.
verbose	Logical. Print Circuitscape solver output. Default FALSE.

Details

All-to-one mode iterates over each focal node. In each iteration, all other focal nodes are injected with 1 amp of current each, and the focal node is connected to ground. This produces a current map showing how current converges on that node from across the landscape.

This mode is useful for identifying the most accessible or reachable sites in the network, emphasizing current flow toward each ground node. The cumulative map sums across all iterations and highlights cells that are important for connectivity across the full set of nodes.

Value

A terra::SpatRaster with the following layers:

cumulative_current

Current flow summed across all iterations.

current_N

Per-node current map for focal node N, where N is the integer node ID from the locations raster. One layer per focal node.

References

McRae, B.H. (2006). Isolation by resistance. Evolution, 60(8), 1551–1561. \Sexpr[results=rd]{tools:::Rd_expr_doi("10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb00500.x")}

Circuitscape.jl: https://docs.circuitscape.org/Circuitscape.jl/latest/

See Also

cs_pairwise(), cs_one_to_all(), cs_advanced(), cs_setup()

Examples

library(terra)
res <- rast(system.file("extdata/resistance.tif", package = "circuitscaper"))
coords <- matrix(c(10, 40, 40, 40, 10, 10, 40, 10), ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE)
result <- cs_all_to_one(res, coords)
plot(result)

circuitscaper documentation built on April 9, 2026, 5:09 p.m.