misclass_cov: Covariate misclassification

In episensr: Basic Sensitivity Analysis of Epidemiological Results

Covariate misclassification

Description

misclass_cov() allows to provide adjusted measures of association corrected for misclassification of a covariate (a potential confounder or effect measure modifier).

Usage

misclass_cov(case, exposed, covariate, bias_parms = NULL, alpha = 0.05)

Arguments

case	Outcome variable. If a variable, this variable is tabulated against.
exposed	Exposure variable.
covariate	Covariate to stratify on.
bias_parms	Vector defining the bias parameters. This vector has 4 elements between 0 and 1, in the following order: Sensitivity of confounder classification among those with the outcome, Sensitivity of confounder classification among those without the outcome, Specificity of confounder classification among those with the outcome,and Specificity of confounder classification among those without the outcome.
alpha	Significance level.

Value

A list with elements (for misclass_cov()):

obs_data	The analyzed stratified 2 x 2 tables from the observed data.
corr_data	The expected stratified observed data given the true data assuming misclassification.
obs_measures	A table of observed relative risk and odds ratio with confidence intervals.
adj_measures	A table of adjusted relative risk and odds ratio.
bias_parms	Input bias parameters.

References

Fox, M.P, MacLehose, R.F., Lash, T.L., 2021 Applying Quantitative Bias Analysis to Epidemiologic Data, pp.176–179, Springer.

See Also

Other misclassification: misclass(), probsens.irr()

Examples

# The data for this example come from:
# Berry, R.J., Kihlberg, R., and Devine, O. Impact of misclassification of in vitro
# fertilisation in studies of folic acid and twinning: modelling using population
# based Swedish vital records.
# BMJ, doi:10.1136/bmj.38369.437789.82 (published 17 March 2004)
misclass_cov(array(c(1319, 38054, 5641, 405546, 565, 3583, 781, 21958,
754, 34471, 4860, 383588),
dimnames = list(c("Twins+", "Twins-"),
c("Folic acid+", "Folic acid-"), c("Total", "IVF+", "IVF-")),
dim = c(2, 2, 3)),
bias_parms = c(.6, .6, .95, .95))

episensr documentation built on June 8, 2025, 10:34 a.m.