R/eunis_habitats.R

In eunis.habitats: EUNIS Habitat Classification

#' EUNIS Habitats
#'
#' @description
#' A data set of the EUNIS habitats. Each row is an habitat.
#'
#' The EUNIS habitat classification is a comprehensive pan-European system for
#' habitat identification. The classification is hierarchical and covers all
#' types of habitats from natural to artificial, from terrestrial to freshwater
#' and marine. The habitat types are identified by specific codes, names and
#' descriptions and come with cross-walks to other habitat typologies.
#' See [crosswalk()] for mapping between habitat classification systems.
#'
#' @details
#' ## EUNIS 2012
#' The full list of EUNIS habitats 2012: codes, scientific names and revised
#' descriptions. The habitat descriptions of the EUNIS classification 2007 were
#' revised in 2012. The 2007 habitat types were not changed in the 2012
#' description revision which mostly replaced Palaearctic or UK Marine habitat
#' classification codes used in habitat descriptions at levels 5 and below with
#' their EUNIS classification equivalents. In 2019 the classification was
#' further amended to include two new habitats of the revised Resolution 4 of
#' Bern Convention as adopted at the 38th Standing Committee meeting, November
#' 2018. The two habitats are G3.4G Pinus sylvestris forest on chalk in the
#' steppe zone and X36 Depressions (pody) of the Steppe zone.
#'
#' ## EUNIS Marine 2019
#' A revision of EUNIS marine habitat classification was published in 2019. From
#' June 2021 the classification was complemented with crosswalks to Habitats
#' Directive Annex I and to European Red List of Habitats. An updated version
#' was published in March 2022. Users should change to the 2022 version at their
#' earliest convenience.
#'
#' ## EUNIS Marine 2022
#' The review of the marine component of the EUNIS habitat classification was
#' initiated in 2014. Marine benthic habitats, marine pelagic and marine ice
#' associated habitats are separated into three distinct groups, each with a
#' separate classification structure. The first major division in the benthic
#' marine part of the EUNIS classification is based on major biological zones
#' (related to depth) and substrate type. Level 3 of the classification reflects
#' the main biogeographical regions of Europe’s seas based on their distinct
#' combinations of salinity and temperature regimes (Arctic, Baltic, Atlantic,
#' Mediterranean and Black Sea). A first review was published in 2019 and an
#' update to this version concerning mostly the Atlantic regional sea is
#' available since March 2022. Crosswalks to Habitats Directive Annex I and to
#' European Red List of Habitats are available while crosswalks to EUNIS marine
#' habitats of version 2012 for the regional seas apart from the Atlantic need
#' to be revisited.
#'
#' ## EUNIS Terrestrial 2021
#' The review of the terrestrial component of the EUNIS habitat classification
#' was initiated in 2015. The review concerns the groups of coastal habitats,
#' grasslands, heathland, forest, sparsely vegetated and vegetated man-made
#' habitats. The review was updated in January 2023 with some corrections to the
#' existing groups and with the inclusion of wetlands and additional crosslinks.
#' The remaining groups will be revised and published at a later stage. The
#' classification includes cross-walks at level 3 to Habitats Directive Annex I,
#' to European Red List of Habitats, to Bern Convention Resolution 4 habitats,
#' to MAES and IUCN ecosystems, to Corine Land Cover classes and to the Euroveg
#' Checklist 2016 Syntaxa. The groups of forest and heathland include also
#' crosswalks to an earlier revision of these groups published in 2017. Habitats
#' at level 3 are complemented with lists of characteristic species identified
#' from the EVA database.
#'
#' @format A [tibble][tibble::tibble-package] of eight variables:
#' \describe{
#' \item{`classification`}{Classification identifier. Identifies one of the four
#' habitat classifications.}
#' \item{`section`}{Component of the EUNIS classification: `"marine"` or
#' `"terrestrial"`.}
#' \item{`version`}{Classification version.}
#' \item{`group`}{Habitat group.}
#' \item{`level`}{Habitat level.}
#' \item{`code`}{Habitat code.}
#' \item{`name`}{Habitat name.}
#' \item{`description`}{Habitat description.}
#' }
#' @examples
#' # EUNIS 2012
#' subset(eunis_habitats, classification == "EUNIS_2012")
#'
#' # EUNIS Marine 2019
#' subset(eunis_habitats, classification == "EUNIS_M_2019")
#'
#' # EUNIS Marine 2022
#' subset(eunis_habitats, classification == "EUNIS_M_2022")
#'
#' # EUNIS Terrestrial 2021
#' subset(eunis_habitats, classification == "EUNIS_T_2021")
#'
#' @source \url{https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/eunis-habitat-classification-1}
#' @name eunis_habitats
#' @keywords datasets
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