motif_net: Motifs at the network level

In manynet: Many Ways to Make, Modify, Map, Mark, and Measure Myriad Networks

Motifs at the network level

Description

These functions include ways to take a census of the graphlets in a network:

• net_by_dyad() returns a census of dyad motifs in a network.

• net_by_triad() returns a census of triad motifs in a network.

• net_by_tetrad() returns a census of tetrad motifs in a network.

• net_by_mixed() returns a census of triad motifs that span a one-mode and a two-mode network.

See also graph classes.

Usage

net_by_dyad(.data)

net_by_triad(.data)

net_by_tetrad(.data)

net_by_mixed(.data, object2)

Arguments

.data	An object of a manynet-consistent class: matrix (adjacency or incidence) from {base} R edgelist, a data frame from {base} R or tibble from {tibble} igraph, from the {igraph} package network, from the {network} package tbl_graph, from the {tidygraph} package
object2	A second, two-mode migraph-consistent object.

Tetrad census

The tetrad census counts the number of four-node configurations in the network. The function returns a matrix with a special naming convention:

• E4 (aka co-K4): This is an empty set of four nodes; no ties

• I4 (aka co-diamond): This is a set of four nodes with just one tie

• H4 (aka co-C4): This set of four nodes includes two non-adjacent ties

• L4 (aka co-paw): This set of four nodes includes two adjacent ties

• D4 (aka co-claw): This set of four nodes includes three adjacent ties, in the form of a triangle with one isolate

• U4 (aka P4, four-actor line): This set of four nodes includes three ties arranged in a line

• Y4 (aka claw): This set of four nodes includes three ties all adjacent to a single node

• P4 (aka paw, kite): This set of four nodes includes four ties arranged as a triangle with an extra tie hanging off of one of the nodes

• C4 (aka bifan): This is a symmetric box or 4-cycle or set of shared choices

• Z4 (aka diamond): This resembles C4 but with an extra tie cutting across the box

• X4 (aka K4): This resembles C4 but with two extra ties cutting across the box; a realisation of all possible ties

Graphs of these motifs can be shown using plot(net_by_tetrad(ison_southern_women)).

Source

Alejandro Espinosa 'netmem'

References

On the dyad census

Holland, Paul W., and Samuel Leinhardt. 1970. "A Method for Detecting Structure in Sociometric Data". American Journal of Sociology, 76: 492-513. \Sexpr[results=rd]{tools:::Rd_expr_doi("10.1016/B978-0-12-442450-0.50028-6")}

Wasserman, Stanley, and Katherine Faust. 1994. "Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

On the triad census

Davis, James A., and Samuel Leinhardt. 1967. “The Structure of Positive Interpersonal Relations in Small Groups.” 55.

On the tetrad census

Ortmann, Mark, and Ulrik Brandes. 2017. “Efficient Orbit-Aware Triad and Quad Census in Directed and Undirected Graphs.” Applied Network Science 2(1):13. \Sexpr[results=rd]{tools:::Rd_expr_doi("10.1007/s41109-017-0027-2")}.

McMillan, Cassie, and Diane Felmlee. 2020. "Beyond Dyads and Triads: A Comparison of Tetrads in Twenty Social Networks". Social Psychology Quarterly 83(4): 383-404. \Sexpr[results=rd]{tools:::Rd_expr_doi("10.1177/0190272520944151")}

On the mixed census

Hollway, James, Alessandro Lomi, Francesca Pallotti, and Christoph Stadtfeld. 2017. “Multilevel Social Spaces: The Network Dynamics of Organizational Fields.” Network Science 5(2): 187–212. \Sexpr[results=rd]{tools:::Rd_expr_doi("10.1017/nws.2017.8")}

See Also

Other motifs: motif_brokerage, motif_diffusion, motif_node

Examples

net_by_dyad(manynet::ison_algebra)
net_by_triad(manynet::ison_adolescents)
net_by_tetrad(ison_southern_women)
marvel_friends <- to_unsigned(ison_marvel_relationships, "positive")
(mixed_cen <- net_by_mixed(marvel_friends, ison_marvel_teams))

manynet documentation built on June 23, 2025, 9:07 a.m.