proc_M: Reflection constant for procurement bids

In qdfauction: Nonparametric Quantile Density Estimation and Structural Analysis of First-Price Auctions

Reflection constant for procurement bids

Description

Returns M = \max b + \delta\,\mathrm{range}(b). With this choice the reflected sample M - b starts at about zero, so the Q_n(0) = 0 anchor of the series quantile density estimators ("bernstein", "poisson", "indirect_poisson") is correct to O(\delta).

Usage

proc_M(bids, delta = 1e-06)

Arguments

bids	Numeric vector or L \times n matrix of procurement bids.
delta	Relative offset above the largest bid.

Value

A single number.

qdfauction documentation built on Nov. 10, 2026, 5:07 p.m.