trigonometric_variables: Trigonometric variables

In rjd3toolkit: Utility Functions Around 'JDemetra+ 3.0'

Trigonometric variables

Description

Computes trigonometric variables at different frequencies.

Usage

trigonometric_variables(frequency, start, length, s, seasonal_frequency = NULL)

Arguments

frequency	Frequency of the series, number of periods per year (12, 4, 3, 2...)
start, length	First date (array with the first year and the first period, for instance c(1980, 1)) and number of periods of the output variables. Can also be provided with the s argument
s	time series used to get the dates for the trading days variables. If supplied the parameters frequency, start and length are ignored.
seasonal_frequency	the seasonal frequencies. By default the fundamental seasonal frequency and all the harmonics are used.

Details

Denote by P the value of frequency (= the period) and f_1, ..., f_n the frequencies provides by seasonal_frequency (if seasonal_frequency = NULL then n=\lfloor P/2\rfloor and f_i=i).

trigonometric_variables returns a matrix of size length\times(2n).

For each date t associated to the period m (m\in[1,P]), the columns 2i and 2i-1 are equal to:

\cos \left( \frac{2 \pi}{P} \times m \times f_i \right) \text{ and } \sin \left( \frac{2 \pi}{P} \times m \times f_i \right)

Take for example the case when the first date (date) is a January, frequency = 12 (monthly time series), length = 12 and seasonal_frequency = NULL. The first frequency, \lambda_1 = 2\pi /12 represents the fundamental seasonal frequency and the other frequencies (\lambda_2 = 2\pi /12 \times 2, ..., \lambda_6 = 2\pi /12 \times 6) are the five harmonics. The output matrix will be equal to:

\begin{pmatrix} \cos(\lambda_1) & \sin (\lambda_1) & \cdots & \cos(\lambda_6) & \sin (\lambda_6) \\ \cos(\lambda_1\times 2) & \sin (\lambda_1\times 2) & \cdots & \cos(\lambda_6\times 2) & \sin (\lambda_6\times 2)\\ \vdots & \vdots & \cdots & \vdots & \vdots \\ \cos(\lambda_1\times 12) & \sin (\lambda_1\times 12) & \cdots & \cos(\lambda_6\times 12) & \sin (\lambda_6\times 12) \end{pmatrix}

Value

a mts object with 2 columns

Examples

trigonometric_variables(
    frequency = 12,
    length = 480,
    start = c(1990, 1),
    seasonal_frequency = 3
)

rjd3toolkit documentation built on Jan. 14, 2026, 1:06 a.m.