tween_polygon: Transition between polygon data.frames

In transformr: Polygon and Path Transformations

Transition between polygon data.frames

Description

This function is equivalent to tweenr::tween_state() except that data is interpeted as encoding polygons. Data is expected to have an x and y column encoding the location of corners in the polygon.

Usage

tween_polygon(
  .data,
  to,
  ease,
  nframes,
  id = NULL,
  enter = NULL,
  exit = NULL,
  match = TRUE
)

Arguments

.data	A data.frame to start from. If .data is the result of a prior tween, only the last frame will be used for the tween. The new tween will then be added to the prior tween
to	A data.frame to end at. It must contain the same columns as .data (exluding .frame)
ease	The easing function to use. Either a single string or one for each column in the data set.
nframes	The number of frames to calculate for the tween
id	The column to match observations on. If NULL observations will be matched by position. See the Match, Enter, and Exit section for more information.
enter, exit	functions that calculate a start state for new observations that appear in to or an end state for observations that are not present in to. If NULL the new/old observations will not be part of the tween. The function gets a data.frame with either the start state of the exiting observations, or the end state of the entering observations and must return a modified version of that data.frame. See the Match, Enter, and Exit section for more information.
match	Should polygons be matched by id? If FALSE then polygons will be matched by shortest distance and if any state has more polygons than the other, the other states polygons will be chopped up so the numbers match.

Value

A data.frame containing intermediary states

Aligning polygons

transformr performs a lot of work to try to ensure the transition between different shapes are as smooth and direct as possible. The first operation is to ensure that the two end states of the polygon are both drawn clockwise, so that the transition will not contain an inversion. Second, we need to make sure that each end state is drawn with the same number of points. If not, the less detailed polygon will get points inserted at the longest edges so that the number is even between the two states. Third, we rotate the last state so as to minimize the cumulative distance between all point pairs, thus ensuring that the transition will involve a minimum of rotation.

Cutting polygons

If the transition involves changing the number of polygons, there are two strategies: Making polygons appear/disappear to even out the number, or cutting up the polygons in the state with the fewest in order to create the same number of polygons for the transition. In the latter case, a choice have to be made with regards to which polygons to cut, into how many, and where to cut it. transformr will distribute the number of cuts among candidate polygons based on their relative area, ensuring that it is not necessarily the largest polygon that gets all the cuts, but that divisions are distributed as fairly as possible. For deciding on where to cut the polygons they are triangulated and the triangles are then reassembled into the number of pieces needed by always adding to the smallest piece.

Polygon with holes

transformr support polygons with any number of holes. Holes are encoded by adding an NA row to the main enclosing polygon and appending the hole after that. Multiple holes are likewise added by simply separating them with NA rows. A hole might get cut up and disappear during transition if the polygon needs to be divided. When transitioning between polygons with holes the holes are matched by position to minimize the travel distance. If there is a mismatch between the number of holes in each end state then new zero-area holes are inserted in the centroid of the polygon with the fewest to even out the number.

Examples

library(magrittr)
star <- poly_star_hole()
circle <- poly_circle()
circles <- poly_circles()

tween_polygon(circle, star, 'cubic-in-out', 20) %>%
  tween_polygon(circles, 'cubic-in-out', 20)

transformr documentation built on Aug. 18, 2022, 5:05 p.m.