made: Minimum Average Deviance Estimation
In HarrisQ/linearsdr: Linear Sufficient Reduction Methods

made	R Documentation

Minimum Average Deviance Estimation

Description

This implements the Outer Product of Canonical Gradients (OPCG) in a forth coming paper Quach and Li (2021).

Usage

made(
  x,
  y,
  d,
  bw,
  lambda = 0,
  B_mat = NULL,
  ytype = "continuous",
  method = list(opcg = "newton", made = "newton"),
  parallelize = F,
  r_mat = NULL,
  control_list = list()
)

Arguments

`d`	specified the reduced dimension
`bw`	the bandwidth parameter for the kernel; the default kernel is gaussian
`B_mat`
`ytype`	specify the response as 'continuous', 'cat', or 'ord-cat'
`method`	"newton" or "cg" methods; for carrying out the optimization using the standard newton-raphson (i.e. Fisher Scoring) or using Congugate Gradients
`parallelize`	Default is False; to run in parallel, you will need to have foreach and some parallel backend loaded; parallelization is strongly recommended and encouraged.
`r_mat`
`control_list`	a list of control parameters for the Newton-Raphson or Conjugate Gradient methods opcg - A 'pxd' matrix that estimates a basis for the central subspace. opcg_wls - A 'pxd' matrix that estimates a basis for the central subspace based on the initial value of the optimization problem; useful for examining bad starting values. cand_mat - A list that contains both the candidate matrix for OPCG and for the initial value; this is used in other functions for order determination gradients - The estimated local gradients; used in regularization of OPCG weights - The kernel weights in the local-linear GLM.
`x_matrix`	a 'pxn' matrix of predictors;
`y_matrix`	a 'mxn' matrix response

Details

This version of MADE differs from that of Adragni and is currently available for continuous, cat, or ord-cat response so far.

For scalar continuous response, the estimation is identical to OPG.

The kernel for the local linear regression is fixed at a gaussian kernel.

For large 'p', we strongly recommend using the Conjugate Gradients implement, by setting method="cg". For method="cg", the hybrid conjugate gradient of Dai and Yuan is implemented, but only the armijo rule is implemented through backtracking, like in Bertsekas' "Convex Optimization Algorithms". A weak Wolfe condition can also be enforced by adding setting c_wolfe > 0 in the control_list, but since c_wolfe is usually set to 0.1 (Wikipedia) and this drastically slows down the algorithm relative to newton for small to moderate p, we leave the default as not enforcing a Wolfe condition, since we assume that our link function gives us a close enough initial point that local convergence is satisfactory. Should the initial values be suspect, then maybe enforcing the Wolfe condition is a reasonable trade-off.

Value

A list containing both the estimate and candidate matrix.

opcg - A 'pxd' matrix that estimates a basis for the central subspace.
opcg_wls - A 'pxd' matrix that estimates a basis for the central subspace based on the initial value of the optimization problem; useful for examining bad starting values.
cand_mat - A list that contains both the candidate matrix for OPCG and for the initial value; this is used in other functions for order determination
gradients - The estimated local gradients; used in regularization of OPCG
weights - The kernel weights in the local-linear GLM.