groupedFisher: Combine grouped p-values with Fisher's method

In LTLA/metapod: Meta-Analyses on P-Values of Differential Analyses

Combine grouped p-values with Fisher's method

Description

Combine p-values from grouped tests with Fisher's method. Groups are defined according to unique levels of a grouping factor.

Usage

groupedFisher(p.values, grouping, log.p = FALSE)

Arguments

p.values	A numeric vector containing p-values for individual tests.
grouping	A vector or factor of length equal to p.values, specifying the group to which each test is assigned. Alternatively, an rle object where each run corresponds to a group and specifies the entries of p.values belonging to that group. This assumes that p.values is ordered such that all entries in the same group are adjacent to each other.
log.p	Logical scalar indicating whether the p-values in p.values are log-transformed.

Details

The joint null hypothesis for each group is that all of the individual null hypotheses are true. Fisher's method combines information from all individual nulls to determine if the joint null should be rejected. Compared to Stouffer's and Pearson's methods, Fisher's method provides more sensitivity to the smallest individual p-value. This method is only applicable to independent tests and no weights are considered.

The representative test for each group is defined as the test with the lowest p-value, as this has the greatest effect on the combined p-value. All tests for each group are considered to be influential as increasing any of them (e.g., to unity) would result in a larger combined p-value.

Value

A list containing:

• p.value, a named numeric vector of length equal to the number of unique levels in grouping. This contains the Fisher combined p-value for each group, log-transformed if log.p=TRUE. Each entry is named according to the group.

• representative, a named integer scalar specifying the representative test for each group. Each index refers to an entry of p.values and is named according to its group.

• influential, a logical vector of length equal to p.values. Entries are TRUE for any p-value that is deemed “influential” to the final combined p-value for its group.

Author(s)

Aaron Lun

References

Fisher RA (1925). Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Oliver and Boyd (Edinburgh).

See Also

parallelFisher, for a version that operates on parallel vectors of p-values.

groupedStouffer and groupedPearson, for different approaches to testing a joint null of independent hypotheses.

Examples

p1 <- rbeta(100, 0.8, 1)
g <- sample(10, length(p1), replace=TRUE)

# Standard application:
out <- groupedFisher(p1, g)
str(out)

# With log p-values. 
out <- groupedFisher(log(p1), g, log.p=TRUE)
str(out)

LTLA/metapod documentation built on Jan. 19, 2024, 11:49 p.m.