R/text_replace_function.R

In MatthewSmith430/TextProcess: Text Processing Pakcage

#' @title text_replace
#'
#' @description This removes spaces between words that usually co-occur. 
#' @param DATA some text data 
#' @export
#' @return Text dataframe
text_replace<-function(DATA){
  
  abstract_data<-tolower(DATA)
 
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "edinburgh napier university", "edinburghnapieruniversity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sri lanka", "srilanka")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "organisation", "organization")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "internationalisation", "internationalization")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "visualis", "visualiz")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "behavior", "behaviour")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "labor", "labour")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "automobile", "automotive")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "bring together","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "bringing together","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "brings together","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "building energy","buildingenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "building materials","buildingmaterials")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "building stock","buildingstock")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon budget","carbonbudget")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon reduction","carbonreduction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "chemical processes","chemicalprocesses")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "circadian clock","circadianclock")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "clean air","cleanair")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "climate policy","climatepolicy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "data processing","dataprocessing")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "distribution network","distributionnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "distributionnetworks","distributionnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "domestic buildings","domesticbuildings")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "earth models","earthmodels")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "economic modelling","economicmodelling")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "electric vehicle","electricvehicle")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "electricvehicles","electricvehicle")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "electricity demand","electricitydemand")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "electricity networks","electricitynetworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy efficient","energyefficient")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy flows","energyflows")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy performance","energyperformance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy storage","energystorage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy supply","energysupply")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy systems","energysystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "fuel cell","fuelcell")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "fuelcells","fuelcell")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "heat pump","heatpump")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "heatpumps","heatpump")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "heat storage","heatstorage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "hydrogen storage","hydrogenstorage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "imperial college london","imperialcollegelondon")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "industry partners","industrypartners")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "inter disciplinary","interdisciplinary")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "lithium deposits","lithiumdeposits")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "natural gas","naturalgas")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "next generation","nextgeneration")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "oil gas","oilgas")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "power plant","powerplant")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "powerplants","powerplant")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "power stations","powerstations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public engagement","publicengagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "radioactive waste","radioactivewaste")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "renewable sources","renewablesources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "room temperature","roomtemperature")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sea rise","searise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sensor networks","sensornetworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smart grid","smartgrid")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "solar cells","solarcells")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "systems modelling","systemsmodelling")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "thermal energy","thermalenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "thermal storage","thermalstorage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "time scales","timescales")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "transport systems","transportsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "wind power","windpower")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "zero carbon","zerocarbon")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "net zero", "netzero")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon caputre storage", "carboncaputrestorage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon storage", "carbonstorage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "academic achievement", "academicachievement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "labour market", "labour market")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "labourmarkets", "labour market")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "organisation", "organization")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "academic performance", "academicperformance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "advice seeking", "adviceseeking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "animal behaviour", "animalbehaviour")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "animal social", "animalsocial")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "authorship network", "authorshipnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "authorshipnetworks", "authorshipnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "average degree", "averagedegree")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "betweenness centrality", "betweennesscentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "big data", "bigdata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "brain network", "brainnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "brain networks", "brainnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "central actors", "centralactors")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "central network", "centralnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "central position", "centralposition")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "centralpositions", "centralposition")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "centrality betweenness", "betweennesscentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "centrality closeness", "closenesscentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "centrality eigenvector", "eigenvectorcentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "centrality indices", "centralityindices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "centrality measure", "centralitymeasure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "centrality metrics", "centralitymetrics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "citation index", "citationindex")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "citation network", "citationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "civil society", "civilsociety")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "climate change", "climatechange")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "closeness centrality", "closenesscentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "cloud computing", "cloudcomputing")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "clustering coefficient", "clusteringcoefficient")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co author", "coauthor")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co authors", "coauthor")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co authorship", "coauthor")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co citation", "cocitation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co occurrence", "cooccurrence")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co word", "coword")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "collaboration network", "collaborationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "collaborationnetworks", "collaborationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "collaborative learning", "collaborativelearning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "collaborative network", "collaborativenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "collaborativenetworks", "collaborativenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "collective action", "collectiveaction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "communication network", "communicationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "communicationnetworks", "communicationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "communities practice", "communitiespractice")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "community detection", "communitydetection")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "community members", "communitymembers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "community structure", "communitystructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "communitystructures", "communitystructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "complex network", "complexnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "complexnetworks", "complexnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "complex systems", "complexsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "computer science", "computerscience")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "core periphery", "coreperiphery")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "cross border", "crossborder")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "cross sectional", "crosssectional")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "data collection", "datacollection")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "data driven", "datadriven")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "data mining", "datamining")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "data sets", "datasets")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "data sources", "datasources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "decision makers", "decisionmakers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "decision making", "decisionmaking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "deep learning", "deeplearning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "degree centrality", "degreecentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "degree distribution", "degreedistribution")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "depressive symptoms", "depressivesymptoms")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "descriptive statistics", "descriptivestatistics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "disaster management", "disastermanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "disease control", "diseasecontrol")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "disease transmission", "diseasetransmission")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "dynamic network", "dynamicnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "dynamic networks", "dynamicnetwork")
  #abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "e commerce", "ecommerce")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "early childhood", "earlychildhood")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "early stage", "earlystage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ego network", "egonetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "eigenvector centrality", "eigenvectorcentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "elementary school", "elementaryschool")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "exchange information", "exchangeinformation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "exponential random graph model", "ergm")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ergming", "ergm")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ergmling", "ergm")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ergms", "ergm")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multiplex network", "multiplexnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multiplexnetworks", "multiplexnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multilevel network", "multilevelnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multilevelnetworks", "multilevelnetwork")
  
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "friendship network", "friendshipnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "friendshipnetworks", "friendshipnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global network", "globalnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "globalnetworks", "globalnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "graph theory", "graphtheory")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "group members", "groupmembers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "group size", "groupsize")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health care", "healthcare")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health information", "healthinformation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health related", "healthrelated")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health services", "healthservices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health systems", "healthsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "higher education", "highereducation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "hong kong", "hongkong")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human brain", "humanbrain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "infectious disease", "infectiousdisease")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "infectious diseases", "infectiousdisease")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "influence network", "influencenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "influence social", "influencesocial")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "influential nodes", "influentialnodes")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "informal networks", "informalnetworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information communication", "informationcommunication")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information diffusion", "informationdiffusion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information exchange", "informationexchange")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information flow", "informationflow")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information knowledge", "informationknowledge")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information network", "informationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "informationnetworks", "informationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information science", "informationscience")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information sharing", "informationsharing")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information social", "informationsocial")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information systems", "informationsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "information technology", "informationtechnology")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "innovation network", "innovationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "innovationnetworks", "innovationnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "input output", "inputoutput")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "intellectual structure", "intellectualstructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "inter organizational", "interorganizational")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "inter regional", "interregional")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "interaction network", "interactionnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "interaction networks", "interactionnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "international collaboration", "internationalcollaboration")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "internationalcollaborations", "internationalcollaboration")
  #abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "k core", "kcore")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge base", "knowledgebase")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge diffusion", "knowledgediffusion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge exchange", "knowledgeexchange")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge flow", "knowledgeflow")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledgeflows", "knowledgeflow")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge management", "knowledgemanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge network", "knowledgenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledgenetworks", "knowledgenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge sharing", "knowledgesharing")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge structure", "knowledgestructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge transfer", "knowledgetransfer")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "language processing", "languageprocessing")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "large networks", "largenetworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "large scale", "largescale")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "law enforcement", "lawenforcement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "learning analytics", "learninganalytics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "learning community", "learningcommunity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "life cycle", "lifecycle")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "link prediction", "linkprediction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "literature review", "literaturereview")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "local government", "localgovernment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "local governments", "localgovernment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "logistic regression", "logisticregression")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "long term", "longterm")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "machine learning", "machinelearning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "media data", "mediadata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "media platforms", "mediaplatforms")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "medium sized", "mediumsized")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "members network", "membersnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "mental health", "mentalhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "middle school", "middleschool")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multiple regression", "multipleregression")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "natural language", "naturallanguage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "natural resource", "naturalresource")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network actors", "networkactors")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network centrality", "networkcentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network characteristics", "networkcharacteristics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network community", "networkcommunity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network connections", "networkconnections")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network connectivity", "networkconnectivity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network data", "networkdata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network density", "networkdensity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network dynamics", "networkdynamics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network embedding", "networkembedding")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network evolution", "networkevolution")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network features", "networkfeatures")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network formation", "networkformation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network governance", "networkgovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network influence", "networkinfluence")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network information", "networkinformation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network members", "networkmembers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network metrics", "networkmetrics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network model", "networkmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "networkmodels", "networkmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network nodes", "networknodes")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network position", "networkposition")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "networkpositions", "networkposition")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network relationships", "networkrelationships")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network services", "networkservices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network size", "networksize")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network structural", "networkstructural")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network structure", "networkstructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "networkstructures", "networkstructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network survey", "networksurvey")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network theory", "networktheory")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network ties", "networkties")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network topology", "networktopology")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network variables", "networkvariables")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network visualization", "networkvisualization")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "networking sites", "networkingsites")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "networks influence", "networksinfluence")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "neural network", "neuralnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "neuralnetworks", "neuralnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "news media", "newsmedia")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "new zealand", "newzealand")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "south africa", "southafrica")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "eastern europe", "easterneurope")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non governmental", "nongovernmental")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "online communities", "onlinecommunities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "online community", "onlinecommunities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "online discussion", "onlinediscussion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "online learning", "onlinelearning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "online social", "onlinesocial")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "open innovation", "openinnovation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "open source", "opensource")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "opinion leaders", "opinionleaders")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "organizational networks", "organizationalnetworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "patent citation", "patentcitation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "path length", "pathlength")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "peer group", "peergroup")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "peer influence", "peerinfluence")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "peer relationships", "peerrelationships")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "personal networks", "personalnetworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy actors", "policyactors")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy implications", "policyimplications")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy makers", "policymakers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy making", "policymaking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy network", "policynetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policynetworks", "policynetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "power law", "powerlaw")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "preferential attachment", "preferentialattachment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "primary care", "primarycare")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "private sector", "privatesector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "problem solving", "problemsolving")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public health", "publichealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public opinion", "publicopinion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public sector", "publicsector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "special issue", "specialissue")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "quadratic assignment procedure", "quadraticassignmentprocedure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "qualitative data", "qualitativedata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "quantitative data", "quantitativedata")
  #abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "r d", "researchanddevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "recommender systems", "recommendersystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "real data", "realdata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "real life", "reallife")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "real networks", "realnetworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "real time", "realtime")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "real world", "realworld")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "regional innovation", "regionalinnovation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "relational data", "relationaldata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "resource management", "resourcemanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "risk factors", "riskfactors")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "risk management", "riskmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "scale free", "scalefree")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "school students", "schoolstudents")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "science citation", "sciencecitation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "science technology", "sciencetechnology")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "scientific collaboration", "scientificcollaboration")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "scientific community", "scientificcommunity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "scientific knowledge", "scientificknowledge")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "semi structured", "semistructured")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "short term", "shortterm")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "shortest path", "shortestpath")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social associations", "socialassociations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social behavior", "socialbehaviour")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social behaviour", "socialbehaviour")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social capital", "socialcapital")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social cohesion", "socialcohesion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social connections", "socialconnections")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social context", "socialcontext")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social data", "socialdata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social dynamics", "socialdynamics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social ecological", "socialecological")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social environment", "socialenvironment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social groups", "socialgroups")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social influence", "socialinfluence")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social information", "socialinformation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social interaction", "socialinteraction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socialinteractions", "socialinteraction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social learning", "sociallearning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social media", "socialmedia")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social network", "socialnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socialnetworking", "socialnetworking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socialnetworks", "socialnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social organization", "socialorganization")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social relations", "socialrelations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socialrelationship", "socialrelationship")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socialrelationships", "socialrelationship")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social science", "socialscience")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socialsciences", "socialscience")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social status", "socialstatus")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social structure", "socialstructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socialstructures", "socialstructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social systems", "socialsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social ties", "socialties")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socio economic", "socioeconomic")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "south korea", "southkorea")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "spatial structure", "spatialstructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "state art", "stateart")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "stochastic actor oriented models", "saom")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "stochastic actor oriented model", "saom")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "saoming", "saom")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "saoms", "saom")
  
  
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "strong ties", "strongties")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "structural characteristics", "structuralcharacteristics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "structural equivalence", "structuralequivalence")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "structural features", "structuralfeatures")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "structural holes", "structuralholes")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "structured interviews", "structuredinterviews")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sub networks", "subnetworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "supply chain", "supplychain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "supply chains", "supplychain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global supplychain", "globalsupplychain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "supply network", "supplynetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "survey data", "surveydata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "systematic review", "systematicreview")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "text data", "textdata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "text mining", "textmining")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "tie strength", "tiestrength")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "time period", "timeperiod")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "timeperiods", "timeperiod")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "time series", "timeseries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "topic modeling", "topicmodeling")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "topic modelling", "topicmodeling")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "trade network", "tradenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "international tradenetwork", "internationaltradenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "twitter data", "twitterdata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "twitter users", "twitterusers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "united kingdom", "unitedkingdom")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "united states", "unitedstates")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "value chain", "valuechain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "valuechains", "valuechain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global valuechain", "globalvaluechain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "globalvaluechains", "globalvaluechain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "weak ties", "weakties")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "strength of weakties", "strengthofweakties")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "web science", "webscience")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "whole network", "wholenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "wholenetworks", "wholenetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "world network", "worldnetwork")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "worldnetworks", "worldnetwork")
  
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social theory", "socialtheory")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social networking sites", "socialnetworkingsites")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "spatial correlation", "spatialcorrelation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "emergency management", "emergencymanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "empirical data", "empiricaldata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "realworld datasets", "realworlddatasets")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "functional brain", "functionalbrain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "influential users", "influentialusers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "random walk", "randomwalk")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "urban agglomeration", "urbanagglomeration")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "civil engineers", "civilengineers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "less likely", "lesslikely")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social actors", "socialactors")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "user generated", "usergenerated")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "mobile phone", "mobilephone")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "mobile phones", "mobilephone")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "cell phone", "mobilephone")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "cell phones", "mobilephone")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "scientific production", "scientificproduction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon emissions", "carbon emissions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "communitydetection algorithms", "communitydetection")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "group decisionmaking", "groupdecisionmaking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "south africa", "southafrica")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"artificial intelligence","artificialintelligence")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"european union","europeanunion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"shared leadership","sharedleadership")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"social processes","socialprocesses")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"ucinet software","ucinet")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"information seeking","informationseeking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"international trade","internationaltrade")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"adaptive capacity","adaptivecapacity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"organizational structure","organizationalstructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"information dissemination","informationdissemination")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"communitydetection algorithm","communitydetection")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"ecosystem services","ecosystemservices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"environmental governance","environmentalgovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"healthcare professionals","healthcareprofessionals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"centrality degree","degreecentrality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"hiv prevention","hivprevention")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"innovation performance","innovationperformance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"co management","comanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"local communities","localcommunities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"node importance","nodeimportance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"np hard","nphard")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"organizational learning","organizationallearning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"topological structure","topologicalstructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"nodes","node")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data,"motifs","motif")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge flows","knowledgeflows")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food security","foodsecurity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "physical activity","physicalactivity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "empirical evidence","empiricalevidence")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge exchange","knowledgeexchange")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge flow","knowledgeflow")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "coreperiphery structure","coreperiphery")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "conceptual framework","conceptualframework")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "theoretical framework","theoreticalframework")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "self reported","selfreported")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge building","knowledgebuilding")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "depth interviews","indepthinterviews")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "clustering algorithm","clusteringalgorithm")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "service providers","serviceproviders")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon emissions","carbonemissions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socio technical","sociotechnical")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "flow information","flowinformation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "word mouth","wordmouth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "river delta","riverdelta")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social position","socialposition")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "analytical framework","analyticalframework")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "community discovery","communitydiscovery")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "community practice","communitypractice")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "overlapping communities","overlappingcommunities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "user behavior","userbehaviour")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "user behaviour","userbehaviour")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "construction industry","constructionindustry")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "belt road initiative","beltroadinitiative")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "corporate social responsibility","csr")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "face face interviews","facetofaceinterviews")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "fifa world cup","fifaworldcup")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "foreign direct investment","fdi")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "intensive care unit","intensivecareunit")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "intensive care units","intensivecareunit")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "international student mobility","internationalstudentmobility")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "internet things iot","internetofthings")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "largest connected component","largestconnectedcomponent")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "connected component","connectedcomponent")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "latent dirichlet allocation","lda")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "latin american countries","latinamerica")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "latin america","latinamerica")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "massachusetts institute technology","massachusettsinstitutetechnology")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "middle income countries","middleincomecountries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non profit organizations","nonprofitorganizations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "nongovernmental organizations ngos","ngo")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "partial least squares","partialleastsquares")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public private partnership","publicprivatepartnership")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "world health organization","worldhealthorganisation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "african swine fever","africanswinefever")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "children autism spectrum","childrenautismspectrum")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "chinese herbal medicine","chineseherbalmedicine")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "computer mediated communication","computermediatedcommunication")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "magnetic resonance imaging","mri")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "minimum spanning tree","minimumspanningtree")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multiple linear regression","multiplelinearregression")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "national health insurance","nationalhealthinsurance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "national health service","nhs")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non state actors","nonstateactors")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "online health communities","onlinehealthcommunities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "open online courses","openonlinecourses")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "randomized controlled trials","randomizedcontrolledtrials")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "snub nosed monkeys","monkeys")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sports marketing sponsorship","sportsmarketingsponsorship")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "structural equation modeling","structuralequationmodeling")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sub saharan africa","subsaharanafrica")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "tourist destination cities","touristdestinationcities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "traditional chinese medicine","traditionalchinesemedicine")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "students","student")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "accounting practices","accountingpractices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "air cargo","aircargo")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "united arab emirates","unitedarabemirates")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "behavioural economics","behaviouraleconomics")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "board governance","boardgovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "business community","businesscommunity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "business context","businesscontext")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "business environment","businessenvironment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "business management","businessmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "business school","businessschool")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "businessschools","businessschool")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon transition","carbontransition")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "circular economy","circulareconomy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "civil engineering","civilengineering")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "climate emergency","climateemergency")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co operation","cooperation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "commercial supplychain","commercialsupplychain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "competitive advantage","competitiveadvantage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "conceptual model","conceptualmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "conceptualmodelling","conceptualmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "corporate governance","corporategovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "defence industry","defenceindustry")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "digital transformation","digitaltransformation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "disadvantaged parents","disadvantagedparents")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "economic growth","economicgrowth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "effective partnership","effectivepartnership")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "employability services","employabilityservices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "employability skills","employabilityskills")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "employment skills","employabilityskills")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental sustainability","environmentalsustainability")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "financial crisis","financialcrisis")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "firm performance","firmperformance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "firm value","firmvalue")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "freight transport","freighttransport")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gaza strip","gazastrip")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gender diversity","genderdiversity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "good practice","goodpractice")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "grand challenges","grandchallenges")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "green supplychain","greensupplychain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health insurance","healthinsurance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "healthcare provision","healthcareprovision")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "humanitarian supplychain","humanitariansupplychain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "humanitariansupplychains","humanitariansupplychain")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "independent scotland","independentscotland")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "institutional barriers","institutionalbarriers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "institutional challenges","institutionalchallenges")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "inter agency","interagency")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "learning activities","learningactivities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "learning environments","learningenvironments")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "learning experiences","learningexperiences")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "learning management","learningmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "learning teaching","learningteaching")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "living wage","livingwage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "local authorities","localauthorities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "local governance","localgovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multidimensional scaling","multidimensionalscaling")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multiple stakeholders","multiplestakeholders")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "national cultural","nationalcultural")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non price","nonprice")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "organization culture","organizationculture")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "patient care","patientcare")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "port infrastructure","portinfrastructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "port sector","portsector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "power systems","powersystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "pro bono","probono")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public service","publicservice")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "publicservices","publicservice")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public transport","publictransport")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "risk appetite","riskappetite")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "road freight","roadfreight")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "scenario planning","scenarioplanning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "scottish government","scottishgovernment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smart phones","smartphones")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socio cultural","sociocultural")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "soe group","soegroup")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "supplychain management","supplychainmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "supplychain managers","supplychainmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable development goals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "\\bsdg\\b","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "\\bsdgs\\b","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable transport","sustainabletransport")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "technological uncertainty","technologicaluncertainty")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "third sector","thirdsector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "transferable skills","transferableskills")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "transport sector","transportsector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "united nations","unitednations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "young people","youngpeople")
  
  
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "license http creativecommons","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "license https creativecommons","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "licensee biomed central","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "licenses permits unrestricted","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "org licenses permits","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "permits unrestricted distribution","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "american physical society","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "american psychological association","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ausmj declaration competing","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "brill nv leiden","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "chinese academy sciences","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "chinese physical society","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "competing financial interests","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "competing interest declare","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "de gruyter gmbh","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "de redes sociais","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "declaration competing interest","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "declare competing financial","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "deutsche physikalische gesellschaft","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "distribution reproduction medium","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "electronic health record","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "graph pattern matching","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health social care","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "https ausmj declaration","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "interest declare competing","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "kluwer health inc","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "koninklijke brill nv","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "lippincott williams wilkin","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "marketing https ausmj","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "operational society ltd","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "science china press","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "science press right","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "universidade federal de","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "walter de gruyter","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "wolters kluwer health","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "west bank","westbank")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "\\bmne\\b","multinationalenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "\\bmnes\\b","multinationalenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multinational enterprise","multinationalenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multinationalenterprises","multinationalenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "\\bsme\\b","smallmediumenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "\\bsmes\\b","smallmediumenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "small medium enterprise","smallmediumenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smallmediumenterprises","smallmediumenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "\\bscm\\b","supplychainmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "clubs","club")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "football club","footballclub")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "coronavirus","covid")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdgs","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieving sustainable development","sustainabledevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achievement sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdgs","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve sustainable development","sustainabledevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieving unitednations sustainabledevelopmentgoals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieving universal health","universalhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access water sanitation","watersanitation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve universal health","universalhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieving sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdg","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieving un sustainabledevelopmentgoals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access safe drinking","safedrinking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve unitednations sustainabledevelopmentgoals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access improved water","improvedwater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access safe water","safewater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achievement unitednations sustainabledevelopmentgoals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access sexual reproductive","sexualreproductive")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achievement un sustainabledevelopmentgoals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access drinking water","drinkingwater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achievement sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdg","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access clean cooking","cleancooking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access essential medicines","essentialmedicines")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access safe affordable","safeaffordable")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access improved sanitation","improvedsanitation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achievement sustainable development","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access clean water","cleanwater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve foodsecurity improved","foodsecurityimproved")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve gender equality","genderequality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access safely managed","safelymanaged")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdg","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieving un sdgs","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access modern energy","modernenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "access clean energy","cleanenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve sustainable future","sustainablefuture")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve universal access","universalaccess")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve land degradation","landdegradation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieve universal equitable","universalequitable")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "achieving gender equality","genderequality")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "agri food sector","agrifoodsector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "agricultural land intensity","agriculturallandintensity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "agricultural production systems","agriculturalproductionsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "agriculture food systems","agriculturefoodsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "air quality monitoring","airqualitymonitoring")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "alternative energy sources","alternativeenergysources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "bill melinda gates","melindagatesfoundation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon dioxide emissions","carbondioxideemissions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "central african republic","centralafricanrepublic")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "child mortality rates","childmortalityrates")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "clean drinking water","cleandrinkingwater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "clean water sanitation","cleanwatersanitation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "democratic republic congo","democraticrepubliccongo")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "disaster risk reduction","disasterriskreduction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "early warning systems","earlywarningsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental kuznets curve","environmentalkuznetscurve")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental social governance","environmentalsocialgovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "eu member states","eumemberstates")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "extreme weather events","extremeweatherevents")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "female genital mutilation","femalegenitalmutilation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "fossil fuel energy","fossilfuelenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global health governance","globalhealthgovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global health initiatives","globalhealthinitiatives")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "greenhouse gas emissions","greenhousegasemissions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gross domestic product","gdp")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gross national income","grossnationalincome")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health impact assessment","healthimpactassessment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human development index","humandevelopmentindex")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "linear regression model","linearregressionmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "lower middle income","lowermiddleincome")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "melinda gates foundation","melindagatesfoundation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "middle income country","middleincomecountry")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "millennium development goals","millenniumdevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multilateral development banks","multilateraldevelopmentbanks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non financial reporting","nonfinancialreporting")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non government organizations","nongovernmentorganizations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ordinary least squares","ordinaryleastsquares")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "palm oil industry","palmoil")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "palm oil production","palmoil")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "paris climate agreement","parisclimateagreement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "people planet prosperity","peopleplanetprosperity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "randomised controlled trial","randomizedcontrolledtrial")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "randomized controlled trial","randomizedcontrolledtrial")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "renewable energy resources","renewableenergyresources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sexual reproductive health","sexualreproductivehealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sexually transmitted infections","sexuallytransmittedinfections")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smart sustainable city","smartsustainablecity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socio demographic index","sociodemographicindex")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "south east asia","southeastasia")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainability accounting management","sustainabilityaccountingmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable development goal","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable land management","sustainablelandmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable waste management","sustainablewastemanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "triple bottom line","triplebottomline")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "un general assembly","ungeneralassembly")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "un sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdgs","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "united nation sustainabledevelopmentgoals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "unitednations sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdgs","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "universal health coverage","universalhealthcoverage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "urban rural linkages","urbanrurallinkages")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water quality monitoring","waterqualitymonitoring")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "west african countries","westafricancountries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "west african states","westafricancountries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "world economic forum","worldeconomicforum")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "world health assembly","worldhealthassembly")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable development","sustainabledevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdgs","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "unitednations sustainabledevelopmentgoals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "un sustainabledevelopmentgoals","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "renewable energy","renewableenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global health","globalhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "development goals","developmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "development goal","development goals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainabledevelopmentgoals sdg","sustainabledevelopmentgoals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water sanitation","watersanitation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "trade offs","tradeoffs")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "universal health","universalhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "drinking water","drinkingwater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health coverage","healthcoverage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social economic","socialeconomic")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "economic development","economicdevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "per capita","percapita")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gdp percapita","gdppercapita")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "child health","childhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy consumption","energyconsumption")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gender equality","genderequality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food waste","foodwaste")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human development","humandevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "covid pandemic","covid")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water quality","waterquality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "greenhouse gases","greenhousegas")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "greenhouse gas","greenhousegas")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water energy","waterenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food production","foodproduction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food systems","foodsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "air pollution","airpollution")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "waste management","wastemanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "child mortality","childmortality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co emissions","coemissions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "paris agreement","parisagreement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "land cover","landcover")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental impacts","environmentalimpacts")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food insecurity","foodinsecurity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "land degradation","landdegradation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water resources","waterresources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human health","humanhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "clean water","cleanwater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water supply","watersupply")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "quality education","qualityeducation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "family planning","familyplanning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "reproductive health","reproductivehealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy efficiency","energyefficiency")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gas emissions","gasemissions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "clean energy","cleanenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health workers","healthworkers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable cities","sustainablecities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "long run","longrun")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "cost effective","costeffective")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "united nation","unitednations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "climate action","climateaction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "poverty reduction","povertyreduction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "air quality","airquality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "population growth","populationgrowth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "capacity building","capacitybuilding")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "world bank","worldbank")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable management","sustainablemanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water management","watermanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "mortality rates","mortalityrates")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "african countries","africancountries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "international development","internationaldevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "primary healthcare","primaryhealthcare")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ghg emissions","ghgemissions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "solid waste","solidwaste")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "climatechange mitigation","climatechangemitigation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "maternal health","maternalhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sexual reproductive","sexualreproductive")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "mortality rate","mortalityrate")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental degradation","environmentaldegradation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "poverty alleviation","povertyalleviation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "zero hunger","zerohunger")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "universal access","universalaccess")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "south asia","southasia")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global south","globalsouth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy sources","energysources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "women empowerment","womenempowerment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental protection","environmentalprotection")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "production consumption","productionconsumption")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socioeconomic development","socioeconomicdevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "urban development","urbandevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health sector","healthsector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable energy","sustainableenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "lifecycle assessment","lifecycleassessment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "business models","businessmodels")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "healthcare services","healthcareservices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "live births","livebirths")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ecological footprint","ecologicalfootprint")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon dioxide","carbondioxide")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental quality","environmental quality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health policy","healthpolicy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human resources","humanresources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multi stakeholder","multistakeholder")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "community health","communityhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental impact","environmentalimpact")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "highereducation institutions","highereducationinstitutions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "international organizations","internationalorganizations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "multi criteria","multicriteria")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "quality care","qualitycare")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "cultural heritage","culturalheritage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "service delivery","servicedelivery")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food energy","foodenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global warming","globalwarming")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "systems thinking","systemsthinking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable future","sustainablefuture")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable tourism","sustainabletourism")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "urban sustainability","urbansustainability")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human capital","humancapital")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "responsible consumption","responsibleconsumption")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health equity","healthequity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "pregnant women","pregnantwomen")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "wastewater treatment","wastewatertreatment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water security","watersecurity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "earth observation","earthobservation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "panel data","paneldata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "biodiversity conservation","biodiversityconservation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "focus group","focusgroup")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "agricultural production","agriculturalproduction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "left behind","leftbehind")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health wellbeing","healthwellbeing")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "general assembly","generalassembly")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable food","sustainablefood")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "international community","internationalcommunity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "systematic literaturereview","systematicliteraturereview")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "income inequality","incomeinequality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "development policy","developmentpolicy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "future generations","futuregenerations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public policies","publicpolicies")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "rural communities","ruralcommunities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainability indicators","sustainabilityindicators")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water access","wateraccess")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "action plan","actionplan")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "ecosystem service","ecosystemservice")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "impact assessment","impactassessment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "asian countries","asiancountries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "development index","developmentindex")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health facility","healthfacility")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy access","energyaccess")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "financial inclusion","financialinclusion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global challenges","globalchallenges")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "life expectancy","lifeexpectancy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "road safety","roadsafety")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smart cities","smartcities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "land management","landmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "life land","lifeland")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable agriculture","sustainableagriculture")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "billion people","billionpeople")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "leave behind","leavebehind")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental issues","environmentalissues")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "million people","millionpeople")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "planetary boundaries","planetaryboundaries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social justice","socialjustice")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water consumption","waterconsumption")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water services","waterservices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "biodiversity loss","biodiversityloss")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global environmental","globalenvironmental")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "affordable clean","affordableclean")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "climatechange adaptation","climatechangeadaptation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy sector","energysector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "extreme poverty","extremepoverty")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "fossil fuel","fossilfuel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "fossil fuels","fossilfuels")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "middle income","middleincome")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "palm oil","palmoil")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "primary education","primaryeducation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "world population","worldpopulation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "corporate sustainability","corporatesustainability")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "foreign aid","foreignaid")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social impact","socialimpact")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social responsibility","socialresponsibility")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human activities","humanactivities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "business model","businessmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon footprint","carbonfootprint")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "digital health","digitalhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainability issues","sustainabilityissues")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "value added","valueadded")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "best practices","bestpractices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "development policies","developmentpolicies")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sub national","subnational")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "agricultural land","agriculturalland")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "cleaner production","cleanerproduction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "secondary data","secondarydata")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "spatial temporal","spatialtemporal")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health indicators","healthindicators")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "safe drinking","safedrinking")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "group discussions","groupdiscussions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "indigenous peoples","indigenouspeoples")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social cultural","socialcultural")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "university student","universitystudent")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy demand","energydemand")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy transition","energytransition")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "kidney disease","kidneydisease")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "oil palm","palmoil")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water sources","watersources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental pollution","environmentalpollution")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global scale","globalscale")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "production systems","productionsystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "agri food","agrifood")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "blue economy","blueeconomy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gender inequality","genderinequality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smart city","smartcities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "financial performance","financialperformance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy framework","policyframework")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "future directions","futuredirections")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global community","globalcommunity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "greenhouse gases","greenhousegas")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "peer reviewed","peerreviewed")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "call action","callaction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "green economy","greeneconomy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "solar energy","solarenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable water","sustainablewater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "tropical diseases","tropicaldiseases")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "child survival","childsurvival")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "eu countries","eucountries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "lifelong learning","lifelonglearning")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy documents","policydocuments")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "soil erosion","soilerosion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "emerging economies","emergingeconomies")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy security","energysecurity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food safety","foodsafety")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "land change","landchange")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "odds ratio","oddsratio")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy recommendations","policyrecommendations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "raw materials","rawmaterials")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "south asian","southasian")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "road traffic","roadtraffic")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social impacts","socialimpacts")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socioeconomic status","socioeconomic status")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health expenditure","healthexpenditure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "household surveys","household surveys")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "living conditions","livingconditions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "natural disasters","naturaldisasters")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "tourism development","tourismdevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "climate mitigation","climatemitigation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gender equity","genderequity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health policies","healthpolicies")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "political economic","politicaleconomic")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smallholder farmers","smallholderfarmers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "confidence interval","confidenceinterval")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "green infrastructure","greeninfrastructure")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "nongovernmental organizations","nongovernmentalorganizations")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sharing economy","sharingeconomy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social political","socialpolitical")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "soil organic","soilorganic")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "urban land","urbanland")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "west africa","westafrica")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "economic benefits","economicbenefits")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy production","energyproduction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health needs","healthneeds")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "scientific literature","scientificliterature")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social innovation","socialinnovation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socio demographic","sociodemographic")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "socio environmental","socioenvironmental")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "southeast asia","southeastasia")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "spatial distribution","spatialdistribution")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "urban expansion","urbanexpansion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "biological diversity","biologicaldiversity")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food consumption","foodconsumption")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "natural environment","natural nvironment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy development","policydevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "risk assessment","riskassessment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "secondary education","secondaryeducation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "southern africa","southernafrica")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable land","sustainableland")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water source","watersource")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "national governments","nationalgovernments")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "reproductive age","reproductiveage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social inclusion","socialinclusion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "healthcare systems","healthcaresystems")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "spatial resolution","spatialresolution")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "spatio temporal","spatiotemporal")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "carbon emission","carbonemission")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "electricity generation","electricitygeneration")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "essential medicines","essentialmedicines")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "european countries","europeancountries")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "financial resources","financialresources")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "international law","internationallaw")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "post covid","covid")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "rural development","ruraldevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "soil health","soilhealth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "women reproductive","womenreproductive")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "economic political","economicpolitical")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy poverty","energypoverty")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental factors","environmentalfactors")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food supply","food supply")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "forest management","forestmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health inequities","healthinequities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "knowledge gaps","knowledgegaps")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "modern energy","modernenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non renewable","nonrenewable")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "regression model","regressionmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "supply demand","supplydemand")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable business","sustainablebusiness")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "biomass energy","biomassenergy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "child development","childdevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "community engagement","communityengagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food nutrition","foodnutrition")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global economy","globaleconomy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "resources management","resourcesmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gender gap","gendergap")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global population","globalpopulation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "good governance","goodgovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "infrastructure development","infrastructuredevelopment")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "international policy","internationalpolicy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non financial","nonfinancial")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "north south","northsouth")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "poverty inequality","povertyinequality")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "regression model","regressionmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "regressionmodels","regressionmodel")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "surface water","surfacewater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "urban population","urbanpopulation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "energy policies","energypolicies")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health professionals","healthprofessionals")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human settlements","humansettlements")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "policy frameworks","policyframeworks")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "responsible management","responsiblemanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "safe water","safewater")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smart sustainable","smartsustainable")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable world","sustainableworld")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water governance","watergovernance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "water supplies","watersupplies")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "environmental conditions","environmentalconditions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "financial institutions","financialinstitutions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "healthcare facilities","healthcarefacilities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "inclusive education","inclusiveeducation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "food agriculture","foodagriculture")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "health inequalities","healthinequalities")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "mortality ratio","mortalityratio")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "palliative care","palliativecare")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sierra leone","sierraleone")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sustainable practices","sustainablepractices")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "global economy","globaleconomy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "world economy","worldeconomy")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social network analysis","socialnetworkanalysis")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "\\bsna\\b","socialnetworkanalysis")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "network science","networkscience")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "credit rating","creditrating")
  
  #
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "co creation","cocreation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "visitor attractions","visitorattractions")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "talent management","talentmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "edinburgh festival","edinburghfestival")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "edinburghfestivals","edinburghfestival")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "job satisfaction","jobsatisfaction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "islamic finance","islamicfinance")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social care","socialcare")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "start ups","startups")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "academic literature","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "bibliometric analysis","bibliometricanalysis")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "common language","commonlanguage")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "consumer behaviour","consumerbehaviour")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "content analysis","contentanalysis")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "craft beer","craftbeer")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "dark tourism","darktourism")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "discourse analysis","discourseanalysis")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "edinburgh castle","edinburghcastle")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "employee engagement","employeeengagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "event management","eventmanagement")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "expert interviews","expertinterviews")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "factor analysis","factoranalysis")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "feng shui","fengshui")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "financial services","financialservices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "fringe festival","fringefestival")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "gap literature","")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "hospitality sector","hospitalitysector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "industrial action","industrialaction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "life insurance","lifeinsurance")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "line managers","linemanagers")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "lived experiences","livedexperiences")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "luxury brands","luxurybrands")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "management practices","managementpractices")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "non traditional","nontraditional")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "northern ireland","northernireland")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public policy","publicpolicy")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "public private","publicprivate")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "qualitative interviews","qualitativeinterviews")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "review literature","reviewliterature")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "savings investments","savingsinvestments")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "smart specialisation","smartspecialisation")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "social enterprise","socialenterprise")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "sport event","sportevent")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "state owned","stateowned")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "stock market","stockmarket")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "stock returns","stockreturns")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "strategic talent","strategictalent")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "student experience","studentexperience")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "studentexperiences","studentexperience")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "thematic analysis","thematicanalysis")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "trade union","tradeunion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "tradeunions","tradeunion")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "transfer knowledge","knowledgetransfer")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "visitor attraction","visitorattraction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "visitorattractions","visitorattraction")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "voluntary sector","voluntarysector")
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "world heritage","worldheritage")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human resource development","humanresourcedevelopment")
  #
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "https doi org","")
  
  abstract_data<-stringr::str_replace_all(abstract_data, "human resourcemanagement hrm","humanresourcemanagement")
  
  DATA2<-abstract_data

  
  
  return(DATA2)
}