In WDNR-Water-Use/CSLSchem: CSLS Water Chemistry Analysis

library(knitr)
library(CSLSchem)
library(dplyr)
library(stringr)
library(lubridate)
library(reshape2)
library(extrafont)

text_size   <- 12
lakes       <- c("Pleasant", "Long", "Plainfield")
water_chem  <- CSLSdata::water_chem
water_chem  <- water_chem %>%
               filter(!site_type %in% c("precipitation", "deep"))
site_types  <- c("upgradient", "nogradient", "downgradient", "lake", "lake_bottom")
site_labels <- c("Upgr.", "Nogr.", "Downgr.", "Lake Surf", "Lake Bot.")
site_colors <- c("#33A02C", "#B15928", "#B2DF8A", "#FB9A99", "#E31A1C")

Overview {#top}

The data used here includes data from both SWIMS and LDES. Duplicates between the two data sources as well as samples labeled as blanks or duplicates are removed.

Calcium, Total Recoverable

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Observations:

• Calcium is fairly stable over time at lake and groundwater sites except for one wonky well (PFL-09).
• Lakes are generally lower than groundwater.
• Pleasant and Plainfield lakes are similar, Long lake is notably lower.
• Upgradient and downgradient groundwater behave similarly at Long and Plainfield, downgradient groundwater is a little more similar to lake water at Pleasant.

parameter     <-"CALCIUM TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverable Calcium"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Magnesium, Total Recoverable

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Observations:

• Magnesium is fairly stable over time at lake and groundwater sites except for one wonky well (PFL-09).
• Lakes are generally lower than groundwater.
• Pleasant and Plainfield lakes are similar, Long lake is notably lower.
• Upgradient and downgradient groundwater behave similarly at Long and Plainfield, downgradient groundwater is a little more similar to lake water at Pleasant.

parameter     <- "MAGNESIUM TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverabel Magnesium"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Ca:Mg Ratio

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Observations:

• At all lakes, there is dip in Ca:Mg values from spring to summer. This happens a bit earlier in Long Lake and Plainfield Lake (~March-June) than it does at Pleasant Lake (~April-August).
• Most wells also have a small dip in Ca:Mg relative to their overall timeseries in June 2019, particularly at Long Lake.
• At Pleasant Lake, Ca:MG is similar at lake and groundwater sites. At Long Lake, the lake is at the high end of the range in groundwater sites. At Plainfield Lake, the lake is generally higher than groundwater sites.
• There is no pattern in whether upgradient or downgradient wells have a higher Ca:Mg
• Ca:Mg is more variable spatially than temporally in groundwater, and is generally more stable in groundwater than at lakes.

parameter     <-"CALCIUM TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverable Calcium"
Ca            <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
Ca            <- Ca %>%
                 select(.data$lake, .data$site_type, .data$date, .data$result,
                        .data$site_id)

parameter     <- "MAGNESIUM TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverabel Magnesium"
Mg            <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
Mg            <- Mg %>%
                 select(.data$lake, .data$site_type, .data$date, .data$result,
                        .data$site_id)

Ca_Mg         <- merge(Ca, Mg, by = c("date", "lake", "site_type", "site_id"))
Ca_Mg$result  <- Ca_Mg$result.x/Ca_Mg$result.y
Ca_Mg$lod     <- 0
Ca_Mg$loq     <- 0

plot_summary(Ca_Mg, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(Ca_Mg, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Alkalinity, Total CaCO3

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Observations:

• Alkalinity is fairly stable over time at lake and groundwater sites except for one wonky well (PFL-09).
• Lakes are generally lower than groundwater.
• Pleasant and Plainfield lakes are similar, Long lake is notably lower.
• Upgradient and downgradient groundwater behave similarly at Long and Plainfield, downgradient groundwater is a little more similar to lake water at Pleasant.

parameter     <- c("ALKALINITY TOTAL CACO3", "ALKALINITY TOTAL GRAN AVAL UEQ/L")
plotting_name <- "Alkalinity Total CaCO3"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Hardness, Total Recoverable Calculation

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Observations:

• Hardness is fairly stable over time at lake and groundwater sites except for one wonky well (PFL-09).
• Lakes are generally lower than groundwater.
• Pleasant and Plainfield lakes are similar, Long lake is notably lower.
• Upgradient and downgradient groundwater behave similarly at Long and Plainfield, downgradient groundwater is a little more similar to lake water at Pleasant.

parameter     <-"HARDNESS TOTAL RECOVERABLE CALCULATION"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverable Hardness"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Aluminum, Total Recoverable

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Observations:

• Aluminum is s variable within groundwater sites as it is among groundwater sites.
• Lake levels are very low compared to groundwater levels (typically below detection).
• At Pleasant Lake, downgradient wells show a downward trend in aluminum over time.
• At Long Lake and Plainfield Lake, there is no discernable trend and there is as much variation within well samples as there is among well samples.

parameter     <-"ALUMINUM,TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverable Aluminum"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Iron, Total Recoverable

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Observations:

• Iron is as variable within groundwater sites as it is among groundwater sites.
• Groundwater levels are generally low (near or below the limit of quality) with the exception of one well at Pleasant (PSNT-05) and one well at Plainfield (PFL-09).
• Iron was only measured at the lake surfaces one time (in Feb 2019) and was below detection at Pleasant, below the limit of quality at Plainfield, and less than 1 mg/L at Long.

parameter     <-"IRON TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverable Iron"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Manganese, Total Recoverable

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Observations:

• Manganese is as variable within groundwater sites as it is among groundwater sites.
• Groundwater levels are similar at all three lakes with the exception of one well at Pleasant (PSNT-05) and one well at Plainfield (PFL-09) which are notably higher.
• While there are very few lake samples, they appear to be similar to groundwater concentrations.

parameter     <-"MANGANESE, TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverable Manganese"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Conductivity

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Observations:

• Conductivity is fairly stable over time at lake and groundwater sites.
• Lakes are generally lower than groundwater
• Conductivity is similar at Pleasant Lake and Plainfield Lake, but substantially lower at Long Lake.
• Upgradient and downgradient groundwater behave similarly, though downgradient groundwater is a little closer to lake water at Pleasant than at the other lakes.

parameter     <-"CONDUCTIVITY, UMHOS/CM @ 25C"
plotting_name <- "Conductivity"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Chloride

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Observations:

• Lakes are less variable than groundwater
• Groundwater is about as variable within as site as across sites
• Lake values and groundwater values are similar at Pleasant and Long, but Plainfield lake values are notably higher than Plainfield groundwater.
• Lake and gorundwater values are lowest at Long - nearly all samples are below the limit of quality.
• Do we have a measure of road density or impervious surfaces around each lake (say a 200m buffer)?
• I think all concentrations are well below levels of concern (that would be 200 mg/l, correct)?

parameter     <-"CHLORIDE"
plotting_name <- "Chloride"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Sodium, Total Recoverable

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Observations:

• Sodium is fairly stable over time at lake and groundwater sites
• Lake values are generally lower than groundwater values at Pleasant and Long, but generally higher than groundwater at Plainfield.
• Groundwater and especially lake values are lowest at Long Lake.

parameter     <-"SODIUM TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverable Sodium"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Nitrogen, NH3-N Dissolved

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Observations:

• NH3-N is behaves similarly at all three lakes
• NH3-N is almost non-existant in groundwater (at/below the limit of quality in all but two samples) and still very low in lakes

parameter     <-"NITROGEN NH3-N DISS"
plotting_name <- "Dissolved Ammonium as Nitrogen"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Nitrogen, NO3 + NO2 Dissolved (as N)

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Observations:

• All sites have at least one well with appreciable NO3/NO2, but most groundwater and lake samples are near the limit of quality.
• Pleasant Lake has slightly higher (i.e., usually measureable) lake values than Long and Plainfield, which are all non-detect.

parameter     <-"NITROGEN NO3+NO2 DISS (AS N)"
plotting_name <- "Dissolved Nitrate/Nitrite as Nitrogen"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Phosphorus, Total

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Observations:

• Phoshorous is anomalously high at one Pleasant well (PSNT-05) and one Plainfield well (PFL-09).
• Otherwise, groundwater levels are typically similar to or slightly higher than lake levels
• Lake values are often below the limit of quality, particularly at Pleasant Lake.

parameter     <-"PHOSPHORUS TOTAL"
plotting_name <- "Total Phosphorus"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Potassium, Total Recoverable

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Observations:

• Lake values are typically lower than groundwater levels at Pleasant, but similar to groundwater levels at Long and Plainfield
• Plainfield has several wells with notably higher levels, including PFL-09.

parameter     <-"POTASSIUM TOTAL RECOVERABLE"
plotting_name <- "Total Recoverable Potassium"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "log", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Silica, Dissolved (as SiO2)

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Observations:

• Lake values may have a seasonal pattern
• Lake values are lower than groundwater values
• Downgradient values are lower than upgradinet values at Pleasant Lake, but all groundwater is similar at Long and Plainfield.
• Levels are less variable in grundwater than in the lake

parameter     <-"SILICA, DISSOLVED (MG/L AS SI02)"
plotting_name <- "Dissolved Silica as SiO2"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

pH

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Observations:

• Lakes and groundwater are about as variable among sites as within sites
• Lake pH is higher than groundwater pH at Pleasant and Plainfield, but lower at Long.
• There is an anomolously low value for LL-05 from the last sample date.

parameter     <-"PH LAB"
plotting_name <- "pH"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

Sulfate, Total

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Observations:

• Sulfate is below the limit of quality for nearly all samples

parameter     <- c("SULFATE TOTAL", "SULFATE DISS, AS SO4")
plotting_name <- "Sulfate"

this_parameter <- filter_parameter(water_chem, parameter, plotting_name)
plot_summary(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
             site_types, site_labels, site_colors)
plot_timeseries(this_parameter, yaxis_type = "number", text_size, 
                site_types, site_labels, site_colors)

WDNR-Water-Use/CSLSchem documentation built on July 3, 2020, 10:51 a.m.