README.md
In dfsp-spirit/pcx: Read and Write 'PCX' Bitmap Image Files

pcx

Read pcx bitmap image files in R.

The PCX (Picture Exchange) format is an old bitmap image format that is compressed using runlength encoding and typically indexed, i.e. used with a fixed palette. It was used together with the WAL format for parts of the assets (skybox textures, model skins, UI pictures, sprites) in the early Quake series games (id tech1 and tech2 engines).

This is still work in progress. You are of course free to try it, the best way is devtools::install_github("dfsp-spirit/pcx").

This is work in progress, but here is the current state:

# Read a PCX image from a file at filepath:
pcx = pcx::read.pcx(filepath);

# print information from the PCX header
pcx;

Here are some ideas on what to do with your image:

# show the image using 'imager' package
plot(imager::as.cimg(pcx$colors));

# plot the palette (indexed images with VGA palette only):
plot(1:nrow(pcx$palette), col=rgb(pcx$palette, maxColorValue = 255));

# export the image to JPEG format (requires the 'jpeg' package):
jpeg::writeJPEG(pcx$colors/255., target = '~/myimage.jpg');

The returned pcx object in the example code above is a named list with the following entries:

colors: this is what you want, the image. An array of integers in range 0-255 representing RGB colors, with three dimensions in the following order: width, height, channels. The channels are in order R, G, B. If the image is indexed, this has been created by applying the palette to the data (see below).
header: named list, containing the header fields and values from the file.
palette: the optional VGA image palette (256 fixed colors), a vector of intensities (for images with 1 channel) or a matrix of RGB colors (for multi-channel images). This is NULL if the file does not contain a VGA palette. Note that for very old PCX files (CGA/EGA with <= 16 fixed colors), the palette is stored in the header$ega_palette field instead.
data: the raw image data, as read from the file. The palette has not been applied to this. Usually not needed, but you could use this to apply a custom palette to the image data.

The interpretation of indexed PCX images, especially in CGA/EGA mode, is not well defined and thus the same image may be displayed differently by different viewers, as explained in the references. If the colors returned by this package do not match your expectations, feel free to apply your own interpretation using the header information and data.

However, if you know the PCX specs well and feel confident enough that the interpretation of this package is definitely wrong for a file, please open an issue and attach the file together with a detailed description of your expectations. If possible, please include a screenshot of the rendering of the image in some standard software that matches your expectations.

The PCX spec
A general PCX format description at Wikipedia
More details and assembly reading code at the Shikadi Modding Wiki. Also checkout the references section.