In dwnadler/rEHS: A set of tools for EHS management
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
rEHS package
library(tidyr)
library(readr)
The rEHS package includes a set of tools for practical Environmental, Health and Safety management.
Download the package from:
library(devtools)
# and install_github("dwnadler/rEHS")
and open it in R:
library(rEHS)
Calculate new concentration after a time interval
concentration(contaminant.generation.rate, flow.rate.cfm, timeframe, volume.cf)
contaminant.generation.rate:
the rate of contaminant released in cubic feet per minute (cfm)
flow.rate.cfm:
the rate of air flow in cubic feet per minute (cfm)
timeframe:
the number of minutes (min) it takes to reach the new concentration
volume.cf:
the volume of the room in cubic feet (cf)
concentration(1.4, 2500, 11, 75000)
where:
contaminant generation is 1.4 cfm, air flow is 2500 cfm, 11 minutes is the time interval, and room is 75,000 cubic feet
Calculate DART rate
dart(dart.incidents, total.hours.worked)
dart.incidents:*
number of dart-related incidents as defined above
total.labor.hours
total number of hours employees worked in a reporting period
dart(2, 28000)
where:
for every 100 employees, 14.29 incidents resulted in lost or restricted days or job transfer due to work related injuries or illnesses
Sound level at various distances
db(dB0, distance.original, distance.new)
dB0:
the original sound measurement (dB)
distance.original:
the original distance where noise measurement was taken
distance.new:
the second distance to calculate the sound level reading
dB.distance(92, 4, 10)
where:
sound level is 92 dB at 4 feet from a source. At 10 feet from source, sound level is measured as 84.04 dB
Calculate OSHA incident rate
incident.rate(recordable.cases, total.hours.worked)
recordable.cases:
all work related deaths, illnesses, and injuries which result in a loss of consciousness, restriction of work or motion, permanent transfer to another job within the company, or that require some type of medical treatment or first-aid.
total.hours.worked:
total number of hours employees worked in a reporting period
incident.rate(17, 1500000)
where:
there are 17 recordable cases from 1.5 million hours, and for every 100 employees, 2.27 have been involved in a recordable injury or illness
Conversion of mg/m^3^ to ppm
mgm3.to.ppm(mg.per.cubic.meter, molecular.weight)
mg.per.cubic.meter: milligrams per cubic meter
molecular.weight: molecular weight
mgm3.to.ppm(10 ,78)
where:
concentration of acyrlamide is 10 mg/m^3^ and molecular weight of acrylamide is 78 grams/mol
Conversion of ppm to mg/m^3^
ppm.to.mgm3(ppm, molecular.weight)
ppm: concentration of molecule in parts per million
ppm.to.mgm3(3.13 ,78)
where:
concentration of acyrlamide is 3.13 mg/m^3^ and molecular weight of acrylamide is 78 grams/mol
Calculating the minimum air sampling volume
min.air.volume(limit.of.quantification.mg, contaminant.target.concentration.mgm3)
limit.of.quantification.mg: the smallest amount or the lowest concentration of a substance that is possible to be determined by means of a given analytical procedure with the established accuracy, precision, and uncertainty
contaminant.target.concentration.mgm3: an estimate of the airborne concentrations of the contaminant being tested in mg/m^3^
min.air.volume(0.0027, 500)
where:
a 0.0027 mg/m3 limit of quantification (concentration) exists for acetone and we are interested in a target concentration of 500 mg/m^3^
Comparing an incident rate to an industry incident rate
my.ir.comparison(my.ir, my.naics.code)
my.ir: input your OSHA-recordable incident rate
my.naics.code: input your industry's NAICS number
my.ir.comparison(2.7, 3115)
where:
incident rate = 2.7 and
industry is dairy product manufacturing (NAICS 3115)
TRUE output translates to your incident rate as being lower than the industry incident rate.
Calculate air flow
q.cfm(air.velocity.fpm, area.sf)
air.velocity.fpm: velocity of air in feet per minute
area.sf: cross-sectional area of air vent
q.cfm(5, 2)
where:
where air velocity is 5 fpm and vent cross-sectional area is 2 sf
Recommended Weight Limit and Lifting Index
rwl(horizontal.dist, vertical.dist, distance, angle, seconds.between.lifts, grasp, object.weight)
horizontal.dist: horizontal location of the object relative to the body (cm)
vertical.dist: vertical location of the object relative to the floor (cm)
distance: distance the object is moved vertically (cm)
angle:the asymmetric angle is the amount (in degrees) of trunk and shoulder rotation required by the lifting task. Angle must be input as 90, 60, 45, 30, or 0
seconds.between.lifts: time between lifts in seconds (s). Time must be entered as 300, 60, 30, 15, 10, or 6
grasp:
quality of the workers grip on the object (1 = good, 2 = fair, 3 = poor)
object.weight:
weight of the object in kilograms (kg)
rwl(45, 25, 40, 0, 15, 1, 20)
a worker is 45 cm from an object horizontally, object is 25 cm above the floor and must be lifted 40 cm up.
The worker is positioned 0 degrees relative to the 20 kg object and has a good (1) grip.
variable LI (lifting index) is created (5.328).
variable weight.limit is created (3.75).
LI interpretations:
-
<=1: very low risk
-
1.01 - 1.50: low risk
-
1.51 - 2.00: moderate risk
-
2.01 - 3.00: high risk
-
> 3.01: very high risk
weight.limit interpretation:
the acceptable maximum weight (kg) that is safe under the
horizontal, vertical, and distance data input in the rwl() function,
including the angle, seconds between lifts, and grasp.
Calculating the severity rate
severity.rate(total.days.lost, total.recordable.incidents)
total.days.lost:
total number of work days lost due to injury and illness. number of days lost do not need to be consecutive
total.recordable.incidents: total number of recordable incidents that happened in a reporting period
severity.rate(5, 2)
5 work days were lost from 2 recordable incidents
the average recordable incident resulted in 2.5 lost days
Permissible noise exposure
T(dB)
dB: number of decibels of noise
T(88)
where:
the exposure is 88 decibels
Calculating the time interval in minutes for new concentration of contaminant
time.interval(volume.cf, flow.rate.cfm, contaminant.generation.rate.cfm, concentration.ppm)
volume.cf: volume of room or enclosure (cubic feet)
flow.rate.cfm: flow rate of the air (cfm)
contaminant.generation.rate.cfm: rate of generation of contaminant (cfm)
concentration.ppm: concentration of the contaminant to predict (ppm)
time.interval(75000, 2500, 1.4, 175)
where:
room volume is 75,000 cubic feet
air flow rate is 2500 cfm
contaminant is generated at 1.4 cfm
Calculating air velocity in feet per minute
velocity.fpm(velocity.pressure.as.h2o)
velocity.pressure.as.h2o: pressure in the direction of flow necessary to caus the air at rest to flow at a given velocity
velocity.fpm(.20)
where:
there is a velocity pressure of 0.2 inches
Wind chill
wind.chill(temp.fahr, wind.speed.mph)
temp.fahr: degrees in Fahrenheit (must be below 70)
wind.speed.mph: measured wind speed in miles per hour (mph)
wind.chill(40, 15)
dwnadler/rEHS documentation built on Dec. 20, 2021, 2:16 a.m.
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knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE)
rEHS package
library(tidyr) library(readr)
The rEHS package includes a set of tools for practical Environmental, Health and Safety management. Download the package from:
library(devtools) # and install_github("dwnadler/rEHS")
and open it in R:
library(rEHS)
Calculate new concentration after a time interval
concentration(contaminant.generation.rate, flow.rate.cfm, timeframe, volume.cf)
contaminant.generation.rate: the rate of contaminant released in cubic feet per minute (cfm)
flow.rate.cfm: the rate of air flow in cubic feet per minute (cfm)
timeframe: the number of minutes (min) it takes to reach the new concentration
volume.cf: the volume of the room in cubic feet (cf)
concentration(1.4, 2500, 11, 75000)
where: contaminant generation is 1.4 cfm, air flow is 2500 cfm, 11 minutes is the time interval, and room is 75,000 cubic feet
Calculate DART rate
dart(dart.incidents, total.hours.worked)
dart.incidents:* number of dart-related incidents as defined above
total.labor.hours total number of hours employees worked in a reporting period
dart(2, 28000)
where: for every 100 employees, 14.29 incidents resulted in lost or restricted days or job transfer due to work related injuries or illnesses
Sound level at various distances
db(dB0, distance.original, distance.new)
dB0: the original sound measurement (dB)
distance.original: the original distance where noise measurement was taken
distance.new: the second distance to calculate the sound level reading
dB.distance(92, 4, 10)
where: sound level is 92 dB at 4 feet from a source. At 10 feet from source, sound level is measured as 84.04 dB
Calculate OSHA incident rate
incident.rate(recordable.cases, total.hours.worked)
recordable.cases: all work related deaths, illnesses, and injuries which result in a loss of consciousness, restriction of work or motion, permanent transfer to another job within the company, or that require some type of medical treatment or first-aid.
total.hours.worked: total number of hours employees worked in a reporting period
incident.rate(17, 1500000)
where: there are 17 recordable cases from 1.5 million hours, and for every 100 employees, 2.27 have been involved in a recordable injury or illness
Conversion of mg/m^3^ to ppm
mgm3.to.ppm(mg.per.cubic.meter, molecular.weight)
mg.per.cubic.meter: milligrams per cubic meter
molecular.weight: molecular weight
mgm3.to.ppm(10 ,78)
where: concentration of acyrlamide is 10 mg/m^3^ and molecular weight of acrylamide is 78 grams/mol
Conversion of ppm to mg/m^3^
ppm.to.mgm3(ppm, molecular.weight)
ppm: concentration of molecule in parts per million
ppm.to.mgm3(3.13 ,78)
where: concentration of acyrlamide is 3.13 mg/m^3^ and molecular weight of acrylamide is 78 grams/mol
Calculating the minimum air sampling volume
min.air.volume(limit.of.quantification.mg, contaminant.target.concentration.mgm3)
limit.of.quantification.mg: the smallest amount or the lowest concentration of a substance that is possible to be determined by means of a given analytical procedure with the established accuracy, precision, and uncertainty
contaminant.target.concentration.mgm3: an estimate of the airborne concentrations of the contaminant being tested in mg/m^3^
min.air.volume(0.0027, 500)
where: a 0.0027 mg/m3 limit of quantification (concentration) exists for acetone and we are interested in a target concentration of 500 mg/m^3^
Comparing an incident rate to an industry incident rate
my.ir.comparison(my.ir, my.naics.code)
my.ir: input your OSHA-recordable incident rate
my.naics.code: input your industry's NAICS number
my.ir.comparison(2.7, 3115)
where: incident rate = 2.7 and industry is dairy product manufacturing (NAICS 3115)
TRUE output translates to your incident rate as being lower than the industry incident rate.
Calculate air flow
q.cfm(air.velocity.fpm, area.sf)
air.velocity.fpm: velocity of air in feet per minute
area.sf: cross-sectional area of air vent
q.cfm(5, 2)
where: where air velocity is 5 fpm and vent cross-sectional area is 2 sf
Recommended Weight Limit and Lifting Index
rwl(horizontal.dist, vertical.dist, distance, angle, seconds.between.lifts, grasp, object.weight)
horizontal.dist: horizontal location of the object relative to the body (cm)
vertical.dist: vertical location of the object relative to the floor (cm)
distance: distance the object is moved vertically (cm)
angle:the asymmetric angle is the amount (in degrees) of trunk and shoulder rotation required by the lifting task. Angle must be input as 90, 60, 45, 30, or 0
seconds.between.lifts: time between lifts in seconds (s). Time must be entered as 300, 60, 30, 15, 10, or 6
grasp: quality of the workers grip on the object (1 = good, 2 = fair, 3 = poor)
object.weight: weight of the object in kilograms (kg)
rwl(45, 25, 40, 0, 15, 1, 20)
a worker is 45 cm from an object horizontally, object is 25 cm above the floor and must be lifted 40 cm up.
The worker is positioned 0 degrees relative to the 20 kg object and has a good (1) grip.
variable LI (lifting index) is created (5.328).
variable weight.limit is created (3.75).
LI interpretations:
-
<=1: very low risk
-
1.01 - 1.50: low risk
-
1.51 - 2.00: moderate risk
-
2.01 - 3.00: high risk
-
> 3.01: very high risk
weight.limit interpretation:
the acceptable maximum weight (kg) that is safe under the horizontal, vertical, and distance data input in the rwl() function, including the angle, seconds between lifts, and grasp.
Calculating the severity rate
severity.rate(total.days.lost, total.recordable.incidents)
total.days.lost: total number of work days lost due to injury and illness. number of days lost do not need to be consecutive
total.recordable.incidents: total number of recordable incidents that happened in a reporting period
severity.rate(5, 2)
5 work days were lost from 2 recordable incidents
the average recordable incident resulted in 2.5 lost days
Permissible noise exposure
T(dB)
dB: number of decibels of noise
T(88)
where: the exposure is 88 decibels
Calculating the time interval in minutes for new concentration of contaminant
time.interval(volume.cf, flow.rate.cfm, contaminant.generation.rate.cfm, concentration.ppm)
volume.cf: volume of room or enclosure (cubic feet)
flow.rate.cfm: flow rate of the air (cfm)
contaminant.generation.rate.cfm: rate of generation of contaminant (cfm)
concentration.ppm: concentration of the contaminant to predict (ppm)
time.interval(75000, 2500, 1.4, 175)
where: room volume is 75,000 cubic feet air flow rate is 2500 cfm contaminant is generated at 1.4 cfm
Calculating air velocity in feet per minute
velocity.fpm(velocity.pressure.as.h2o)
velocity.pressure.as.h2o: pressure in the direction of flow necessary to caus the air at rest to flow at a given velocity
velocity.fpm(.20)
where: there is a velocity pressure of 0.2 inches
Wind chill
wind.chill(temp.fahr, wind.speed.mph)
temp.fahr: degrees in Fahrenheit (must be below 70)
wind.speed.mph: measured wind speed in miles per hour (mph)
wind.chill(40, 15)
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