Quick reference table describing the four-character feature codes. A more complete quick reference can be found on Wikipedia and a complete OpenType feature list specification can be found at Microsoft.
aalt (Access All Alternates): Special feature: used to present user with choice all alternate forms of the character
abvf (Above-base Forms): Replaces the above-base part of a vowel sign. For Khmer and similar scripts.
abvm (Above-base Mark Positioning): Positions a mark glyph above a base glyph.
abvs (Above-base Substitutions): Ligates a consonant with an above-mark.
afrc (Alternative Fractions): Converts figures separated by slash with alternative stacked fraction form
akhn (Akhand): Hindi for unbreakable.  Ligates consonant+halant+consonant, usually only for k-ss and j-ny combinations.
blwf (Below-base Forms): Replaces halant+consonant combination with a subscript form.
blwm (Below-base Mark Positioning): Positions a mark glyph below a base glyph
blws (Below-base Substitutions): Ligates a consonant with a below-mark.
c2pc (Capitals to Petite Caps): Substitutes capital letters with petite caps
c2sc (Capitals to Small Caps): Substitutes capital letters with small caps
calt (Contextual Alternates): Applies a second substitution feature based on a match of a character pattern within a context of surrounding patterns
case (Case Sensitive Forms): Replace characters, especially punctuation, with forms better suited for all-capital text, cf. titl
ccmp (Glyph Composition/Decomposition): Either calls a ligature replacement on a sequence of characters or replaces a character with a sequence of glyphs. Provides logic that can for example effectively alter the order of input characters.
cfar (Conjunct Form After Ro): Khmer
cjct (Conjunct Forms): Ligates consonant+halant+consonant, indicates part of a conjunct.
clig (Contextual Ligatures): Applies a second ligature feature based on a match of a character pattern within a context of surrounding patterns
cpct (Centered CJK Punctuation): Positions punctuation marks vertically and horizontally
cpsp (Capital Spacing): Adjusts spacing between letters in all-capitals text
cswh (Contextual Swash): Converts letter to a swashed version based on characters around the letter
curs (Cursive Positioning): Precise positioning of a letter's connection to an adjacent one
cv01–cv99 (Character Variant 1–99): Multiple variants of a single character, which may not apply to many other characters, see references for voluminous documentation
dist (Distance): Adjusts horizontal positioning between glyphs. (Always enabled, as opposed to 'kern'.)
dlig (Discretionary Ligatures): Ligatures to be applied at the user's discretion
dnom (Denominator): Converts to appropriate fraction denominator form, invoked by frac
dtls (Dotless Forms):
expt (Expert Forms): Typographic alternatives for some Japanese tetragrams
falt (Final Glyph on Line Alternates): Replaces final glyph on the line with an alternate
fin2 (Terminal Form #2): Syriac
fin3 (Terminal Form #3): Syriac
fina (Terminal Forms): Substitutes a special form of a letter at end of words (required by Arabic and Syriac)
flac (Flattened accent forms):
frac (Fractions): Converts figures separated by slash with diagonal fraction
fwid (Full Widths): Substitutes proportionally spaced character with full-width versions (esp. for Latin letters within Chinese)
half (Half Form): Replaces consonant+halant with a half form, indicating it is part of a conjunct.
haln (Halant Forms): Replaces a glyph for final consonant+halant.
halt (Alternate Half Widths): Re-positions full-width glyphs on half-width spaces
hist (Historical Forms): Obsolete forms of characters to be applied at the user's discretion, cf. hlig
hkna (Horizontal Kana Alternates): Alternate forms for horizontal kana text, e.g. ー for chōonpu instead of |, cf. vkna
hlig (Historical Ligatures): Obsolete ligatures to be applied at the user's discretion
hngl (Hangul): Transliterates Chinese-style characters with Korean Hangul
hojo (Hojo Kanji Forms): Hojo alternates for Japanese tetragrams
hwid (Half Widths): Substitutes uniformly-spaced characters with half-width version
init (Initial Forms): Substitutes a special form of a letter occurring at the beginning of a word (required by Arabic and Syriac)
isol (Isolated Forms): Substitutes a special form of a letter occurring outside a word (required by Arabic and Syriac)
ital (Italics): Replaces letter with corresponding italic glyph
jalt (Justification Alternates): User selectable wider and narrower alternates, used especially for justifying
jp04 (JIS 04 Forms): JIS 2004 alternates for Japanese tetragrams, not accessible per Unicode
jp78 (JIS 78 Forms): JIS C 6226-1978 alternates for Japanese tetragrams, not accessible per Unicode
jp83 (JIS 83 Forms): JIS X 0208-1983 alternates for Japanese tetragrams, not accessible per Unicode
jp90 (JIS 90 Forms): JIS X 0208-1990 alternates for Japanese tetragrams, not accessible per Unicode
kern (Kerning): Fine horizontal positioning of one glyph to the next, based on the shapes of the glyphs
lfbd (Left Bounds): Re-positions glyphs at end of line. Called by opbd.
liga (Standard Ligatures): Replaces (by default) sequence of characters with a single ligature glyph
ljmo (Leading Jamo Forms): Initial group of consonants for a synthesized Korean Hangul tetragram
lnum (Lining Figures): Replaces numerals with glyphs meant to fit better in all-capitals text, often also tnum
locl (Localized Forms): Substitutes character with the preferred form based on script language
ltra (Left-to-right glyph alternates): Replaces characters with forms befitting left-to-right presentation (except mirrored forms)
ltrm (Left-to-right mirrored forms): Replaces characters with possibly mirrored forms befitting left-to-right presentation
mark (Mark Positioning): Fine positioning of a mark glyph to a base character
med2 (Medial Form #2): Syriac
medi (Medial Forms): Substitutes a special form of letters between other letters in words (required by Arabic and Syriac)
mgrk (Mathematical Greek): Replaces Greek characters with special forms for use in mathematics
mkmk (Mark-to-mark Positioning): Fine positioning of a mark glyph to another mark character
mset (Mark Positioning via Substitution): Used in Windows 95 for positioning of Arabic marks
nalt (Alternate Annotation Forms): Provides user access to circled digits, inverse letters etc.
nlck (NLC Kanji Forms): NLC alternates for Japanese tetragrams
nukt (Nukta Forms): Replace consonant+nukta (dot mark) with single glyph.
numr (Numerator): Converts to appropriate fraction numerator form, invoked by frac
onum (Oldstyle Figures): Replaces numerals with cased old-style numerals, often also pnum
opbd (Optical Bounds): Re-positions glyphs at beginning and end of line, for precise justification of text.
ordn (Ordinals): Replaces characters with ordinal forms for use after numbers
ornm (Ornaments): Decorative alternates for the bullet character •
palt (Proportional Alternates): Re-positions otherwise monospace characters according to glyph width
pcap (Petite Caps): Substitute lower-case letters with their petite caps analogs
pkna (Proportional Kana): Kana for use alongside alphabets, without grid typography
pnum (Proportional Figures): Replaces numerals with glyphs of proportional width, often also onum
pref (Pre-base Forms): Replaces halant+consonant at the end of a consonant cluster with a glyph at the beginning. Khmer, Myanmar, Malayalam, Telugu
pres (Pre-base Substitutions): Ligates consonant combinations.
pstf (Post-base Forms): Substitutes final halant+consonant with special form.  Khmer and Gurmukhi, Malayalam
psts (Post-base Substitutions): Ligates a final consonant+consonant.
pwid (Proportional Widths): Replaces uniformly-spaced glyphs with proportional ones
qwid (Quarter Widths): Replaces uniformly-spaced glyphs with quarter-width ones (punctuation etc.)
rand (Randomize): Replaces character with random forms (meant to simulate handwriting)
rclt (Required Contextual Alternates): Contextual alternates required for correct text display which differs from the default join for other letters, required especially important by Arabic
rkrf (Rakar Forms): Replaces halant+ra with a rakar glyph, indicating it is part of a conjunct.
rlig (Required Ligatures): Ligatures required for correct text display (any script, but in cursive)
rphf (Reph Form): Replaces initial ra+halant with a final reph mark, indicating part of a conjunct.
rtbd (Right Bounds): Re-positions glyphs at beginning of line. Called by opbd.
rtla (Right-to-left glyph alternates): Replaces characters with forms befitting right-to-left presentation (except mirrored forms)
rtlm (Right-to-left mirrored forms): Replaces characters with possibly mirrored forms befitting right-to-left presentation
ruby (Ruby Notation Forms): Ruby characters, small print
rvrn (Required Variation Alternates): Special variants of a single character, which need apply to specific font variation, required by variable fonts
salt (Stylistic Alternates): Either replaces with, or displays list of, stylistic alternatives for a character
sinf (Scientific Inferiors): as in "H2O", "SOx" or "YCbCr" (but using the same font weight and predefined position in contrast these plain HTML subs and sups)
size (Optical size): Not a lookup: feature's table provides to applications information about the appearance and intent of the font, to aid in font selection.
smcp (Small Caps): Substitutes lower-case letters with small caps versions
smpl (Simplified Forms): Replaces sinograms with their simplified versions, may be language dependent
ss01-ss20 (Stylistic Set 1 – 20): Replaces character with one from a font-specific set of stylistic alternatives
ssty (Math script style alternates):
stch (Stretching Glyph Decomposition): Substitutes a special form of a stretchy glyph onto one or more letters (required by Syriac)
subs (Subscript): Replaces character with subscript version, cf. numr
sups (Superscript): Replaces character with superscript version, cf. dnom
swsh (Swash): Either replaces character with or displays multiple swashed versions
titl (Titling Alternates): Replaces characters with forms suited for large type, as in titles
tjmo (Trailing Jamo Forms): Final group of consonants for a synthesized Korean Hangul tetragram
tnam (Traditional Name Forms): Japanese alternates for proper names
tnum (Tabular Figures): Replaces numerals with glyphs of uniform width, often also lnum
trad (Traditional Forms): Replaces Chinese characters with their traditional versions
twid (Third Widths): Substitutes uniformly-spaced character with a version of 1/3 width (punctuation, etc.)
unic (Unicase): Replaces lowercase and uppercase letters with a set of single case glyphs
valt (Alternative Vertical Metrics): Positions shorter characters to be centered vertically with full-height characters
vatu (Vattu Variants): Replaces consonant+rakar combinations with a vattu variant ligature.
vert (Vertical Alternates): A subset of vrt2: prefer the latter feature
vhal (Alternative Vertical Half Metrics): Positions characters to be centered vertically with half-height characters
vjmo (Vowel Jamo Forms): Medial group of vowels for a synthesized Korean Hangul tetragram
vkna (Vertical Kana): Alternate Japanese kana forms for vertical text, e.g. | for chōonpu instead of ー, cf. hkna
vkrn (Vertical Kerning): Fine vertical positioning of characters based on shape
vpal (Proportional Alternate Vertical Metrics): Re-positions glyphs vertically to be centered on proportional full-height characters
vrt2 (Vertical Alternates and Rotation): Replaces characters with forms suitable for vertical writing, possibly by rotating 90°
vrtr (Vertical Alternates for Rotation): Replaces characters with forms suitable for vertical writing, possibly by shifting or shape
zero (Slashed Zero): Replaces 0 figure with slashed 0
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