In iantaylor-NOAA/Lingcod_2021: Estimate the Status of Lingcod off the US West Coast in 2021

Historical and current fishery information

# Calculate the year in which the total landings peaked
# top_n defaults to the last variable in the tibble, which is mt here
textCatchpeakyear <- data_catch %>%
  dplyr::group_by(Year) %>%
  dplyr::summarize(sum = sum(mt)) %>%
  dplyr::top_n(n = 1) %>%
  dplyr::pull(Year)

r Spp fisheries have a long history (Table \@ref(tab:table-catchbystate) and Figures \@ref(fig:catch-figures-r4ss)-\@ref(fig:catchdiscard-figures-r4ss)). The earliest evidence of fishing for r spp comes from the remains of 51 archaeological sites representing the period between 6200 BC and 1830 AD on the central California coast from San Mateo to San Luis Obispo [@gobalet1995prehistoric]. The commercial fishery off California dates back more than a century to at least the 1890s and the fisheries off of Washington and Oregon date back nearly as far (i.e., 1940s). These commercial fishers are largely harvesting using trawl and longline gear. For longline and other fixed gear in waters off of California, the majority of the landings from these gear types have consistently been landed off of the southern rather than the northern portion of the coast (upper panel of Figure \@ref(fig:catch-comm-CA-gearprop)). Comparatively, the trawl fishery off of the California coast has progressively shifted north with time (lower panel of Figure \@ref(fig:catch-comm-CA-gearprop)). Recreational fisheries are dominated by hook-and-line and spear methods.

The commercial fishery steadily grew with the rise of the groundfish trawl industry. Commercial landings peaked in the early 1980s and were followed by decreasing landings because of management measures implemented due to population declines. Management largely relied on seasonal closures and size limits to limit landings. Coastwide, the r spp fishery was declared overfished in 1999. With the combination of a federal rebuilding plan implemented during 2003 and years of good recruitment, the population was deemed recovered in 2005, four years ahead of the projected recovery time.

In California, the recreational r spp fishery has had substantial landings that have surpassed that of the commercial fleet operating in California waters since 1998 (Table \@ref(tab:table-catchbystate)). At the peak of the r spp fishery, in r textCatchpeakyear, the landings were nearly equally divided between the commercial and recreational fleets. From 1980 to 2008, 95\% to 97\% of r spp caught were taken by boat-based anglers via \glspl{cpfv} and private/rental boats. Private boat landings were higher than those from \glspl{cpfv}. A small fraction of landings are from spear fishers using SCUBA or free diving gear [@lynn2008status].

{asis, opts.label = "north"} Catches of `r spp` in Oregon and Washington have shifted from the commercial trawl fleet, which accounted for 90\% of landings during its mid-1980s peak, to a fishery evenly split between commercial and recreational landings in recent years. Between 1980 and 1996, the majority of `r spp` were caught by the bottom trawl fishery (>75\%), followed by troll and hook-and-line (between 10-20\%), with a small fraction of additional landings from pots and traps, nets, and shrimp trawls [@jagielo1997assessment]. Since 1999, however, the recreational fishery has contributed about half of all `r spp` Oregon and Washington landings, on average, and has continued to grow.

iantaylor-NOAA/Lingcod_2021 documentation built on Oct. 30, 2024, 6:42 p.m.