README.md
In mdsumner/RGDALSQL: GDAL SQL Interface for R
RGDALSQL
WIP
library(RGDALSQL)
f = system.file("extdata/continents", package = "RGDALSQL")
db <- dbConnect(RGDALSQL::GDALSQL(), f)
dbSendQuery(db, "SELECT * FROM continent WHERE FID < 1")
#> Field names: CONTINENT
#> Geometry (1 features):
#> <MULTIPOLYGON (((93.2755 80.2636, 93.148 80.3139, 91.4249 80.3101...>
res <- dbSendQuery(db, "SELECT * FROM continent WHERE continent LIKE '%ca'")
dbFetch(res)
#> # A tibble: 4 x 2
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 North America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-25.2817 71.3917, -25.6239 71.5372, -26.9503 7…
#> 2 Africa <MULTIPOLYGON (((0.694651 5.77337, 0.635833 5.94451, 0.506462 6…
#> 3 South America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-81.7131 12.4903, -81.7201 12.5453, -81.6924 1…
#> 4 Antarctica <MULTIPOLYGON (((51.8031 -46.4567, 51.7106 -46.4467, 51.6537 -4…
(res <- dbReadTable(db, "continent"))
#> # A tibble: 8 x 2
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 Asia <MULTIPOLYGON (((93.2755 80.2636, 93.148 80.3139, 91.4249 80.31…
#> 2 North America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-25.2817 71.3917, -25.6239 71.5372, -26.9503 7…
#> 3 Europe <MULTIPOLYGON (((58.0614 81.6878, 57.8899 81.7099, 59.4355 81.8…
#> 4 Africa <MULTIPOLYGON (((0.694651 5.77337, 0.635833 5.94451, 0.506462 6…
#> 5 South America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-81.7131 12.4903, -81.7201 12.5453, -81.6924 1…
#> 6 Oceania <MULTIPOLYGON (((-177.393 28.1842, -177.388 28.2146, -177.361 2…
#> 7 Australia <MULTIPOLYGON (((142.28 -10.2656, 142.189 -10.2042, 142.229 -10…
#> 8 Antarctica <MULTIPOLYGON (((51.8031 -46.4567, 51.7106 -46.4467, 51.6537 -4…
dplyr::tbl(db, "continent")
#> # Source: table<continent> [?? x 2]
#> # Database: GDALSQLConnection
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 Asia <MULTIPOLYGON (((93.2755 80.2636, 93.148 80.3139, 91.4249 80.31…
#> 2 North America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-25.2817 71.3917, -25.6239 71.5372, -26.9503 7…
#> 3 Europe <MULTIPOLYGON (((58.0614 81.6878, 57.8899 81.7099, 59.4355 81.8…
#> 4 Africa <MULTIPOLYGON (((0.694651 5.77337, 0.635833 5.94451, 0.506462 6…
#> 5 South America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-81.7131 12.4903, -81.7201 12.5453, -81.6924 1…
#> 6 Oceania <MULTIPOLYGON (((-177.393 28.1842, -177.388 28.2146, -177.361 2…
#> 7 Australia <MULTIPOLYGON (((142.28 -10.2656, 142.189 -10.2042, 142.229 -10…
#> 8 Antarctica <MULTIPOLYGON (((51.8031 -46.4567, 51.7106 -46.4467, 51.6537 -4…
Limitations
- currently read-only, so no temporary tables for
compute()
- no temporary tables in non-DB drivers (i.e. GPKG is ok, SHP is not)
- no sub-queryies in non-DB drivers (i.e. no collapse for SHP or GDB)
filter, arrange, summarize, transmute, mutate, ok but cannot be chained
for nested sub-queries
library(dplyr)
#>
#> Attaching package: 'dplyr'
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
#>
#> filter, lag
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
#>
#> intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
tbl(db, "continent") %>% dplyr::filter(continent == "Australia")
#> # Source: lazy query [?? x 2]
#> # Database: GDALSQLConnection
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 Australia <MULTIPOLYGON (((142.28 -10.2656, 142.189 -10.2042, 142.229 -10.145…
tbl(db, "continent") %>% dplyr::filter(continent %in% c("Australia", "Antarctica")) %>% collect()
#> # A tibble: 2 x 2
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 Australia <MULTIPOLYGON (((142.28 -10.2656, 142.189 -10.2042, 142.229 -10.14…
#> 2 Antarctica <MULTIPOLYGON (((51.8031 -46.4567, 51.7106 -46.4467, 51.6537 -46.3…
Try OSM PBF.
# wget https://download.geofabrik.de/europe/albania-latest.osm.pbf
f <- fs::path_expand("~/albania-latest.osm.pbf")
pbf <- dbConnect(RGDALSQL::GDALSQL(),f)
## we have to use a normalized path
## (vapour doesn't do this yet, but GDALSQL will do it *when connecting*,
## currently maintains the input DSN)
pbf
# db_list_tables(pbf)
tbl(pbf, "points")
# Source: table<points> [?? x 11]
# Database: GDALSQLConnection
osm_id name barrier highway ref address is_in place man_made other_tags `_ogr_geometry_`
<chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <wk_wkb>
1 154606… "" "" "traffic… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"traffic_signals\",\… <POINT (19.8082 4…
2 154926… "" "" "crossin… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"uncontrolled\"" <POINT (19.4762 4…
3 154927… "" "" "traffic… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"traffic_signals\",\… <POINT (19.8221 4…
4 154927… "" "" "crossin… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"uncontrolled\"" <POINT (19.5045 4…
5 154928… "" "" "traffic… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"traffic_signals\",\… <POINT (19.8081 4…
6 154936… "" "" "crossin… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"uncontrolled\",\"su… <POINT (19.4954 4…
7 268630… "Grykat… "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "\"natural\"=>\"peak\"" <POINT (19.9047 4…
8 268632… "Kakiuk… "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "\"natural\"=>\"peak\"" <POINT (19.8792 4…
9 268635… "Mali i… "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "\"natural\"=>\"peak\",\"wikidata\"=… <POINT (19.9241 4…
10 268635… "Maja e… "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "\"natural\"=>\"peak\",\"prominence\… <POINT (20.1628 4…
# … with more rows
tbl(pbf, "multipolygons") %>% filter(osm_id == "53292") %>% select(`_ogr_geometry_`, type)
# Source: lazy query [?? x 2]
# Database: GDALSQLConnection
type `_ogr_geometry_`
<chr> <wk_wkb>
1 boundary <MULTIPOLYGON (((20.0126 42.5258, 20.0124 42.5257, 20.0123 42.5258...>
f <- "inst/extdata/shapes.gpkg"
conn <- dbConnect(RGDALSQL::GDALSQL(),f)
conn
#> <GDALSQLConnection>
#> DSN: inst/extdata/shapes.gpkg
#> tables: sids
dbListTables(conn)
#> [1] "sids"
x <- dbSendQuery(conn, "SELECT * FROM sids WHERE SID74 < 10")
tbl(conn, "sids") %>%
arrange(desc(AREA)) %>%
transmute(a = AREA *8, geom, AREA) %>%
filter(a > 1.62) %>%
show_query()
#> <SQL>
#> Warning: Ignoring sort order.
#> Hint: `arrange()` only has an effect if used at the end of a pipe or immediately before `head()`. See `?arrange.tbl_lazy` for details.
#> SELECT *
#> FROM (SELECT "AREA" * 8.0 AS "a", "geom", "AREA"
#> FROM "sids") "dbplyr_001"
#> WHERE ("a" > 1.62)
## with SHP we can't do subquery
f <- system.file("shape/nc.shp", package = "sf")
conn <- dbConnect(GDALSQL(), f)
## but the special variables are there
tbl(conn, "nc") %>% arrange(OGR_GEOM_AREA)
#> # Source: table<nc> [?? x 15]
#> # Database: GDALSQLConnection
#> # Ordered by: OGR_GEOM_AREA
#> AREA PERIMETER CNTY_ CNTY_ID NAME FIPS FIPSNO CRESS_ID BIR74 SID74 NWBIR74
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <int> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 0.042 0.999 2238 2238 New … 37129 37129 65 5526 12 1633
#> 2 0.044 1.16 1887 1887 Chow… 37041 37041 21 751 1 368
#> 3 0.051 1.10 2109 2109 Clay 37043 37043 22 284 0 1
#> 4 0.053 1.17 1848 1848 Pasq… 37139 37139 70 1638 3 622
#> 5 0.059 1.32 1927 1927 Mitc… 37121 37121 61 671 0 1
#> 6 0.06 1.04 2071 2071 Polk 37149 37149 75 533 1 95
#> 7 0.061 1.23 1827 1827 Alle… 37005 37005 3 487 0 10
#> 8 0.062 1.55 1834 1834 Camd… 37029 37029 15 286 0 115
#> 9 0.063 1 1881 1881 Perq… 37143 37143 72 484 1 230
#> 10 0.064 1.21 1892 1892 Avery 37011 37011 6 781 0 4
#> # … with more rows, and 4 more variables: BIR79 <dbl>, SID79 <dbl>,
#> # NWBIR79 <dbl>, `_ogr_geometry_` <wk_wkb>
tbl(conn, "nc") %>% arrange(OGR_GEOM_AREA, FID) %>% show_query()
#> <SQL>
#> SELECT *
#> FROM "nc"
#> ORDER BY "OGR_GEOM_AREA", "FID"
## FAILS because subquery
tbl(conn, "nc") %>% mutate(aa = AREA) %>% transmute(a1 = FID) %>% show_query()
#> <SQL>
#> SELECT "FID" AS "a1"
#> FROM (SELECT "AREA", "PERIMETER", "CNTY_", "CNTY_ID", "NAME", "FIPS", "FIPSNO", "CRESS_ID", "BIR74", "SID74", "NWBIR74", "BIR79", "SID79", "NWBIR79", "_ogr_geometry_", "AREA" AS "aa"
#> FROM "nc") "dbplyr_002"
## ok because a single statement
tbl(conn, "nc") %>% transmute(a1 = FID, aa = AREA) %>% collect()
#> # A tibble: 100 x 3
#> a1 aa `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <int> <dbl> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 0 0.114 <POLYGON ((-81.4728 36.2344, -81.5408 36.2725, -81.562 36.2736..…
#> 2 1 0.061 <POLYGON ((-81.2399 36.3654, -81.2407 36.3794, -81.2628 36.405..…
#> 3 2 0.143 <POLYGON ((-80.4563 36.2426, -80.4764 36.2547, -80.5369 36.2567.…
#> 4 3 0.07 <MULTIPOLYGON (((-76.009 36.3196, -76.0173 36.3377, -76.0329 36.…
#> 5 4 0.153 <POLYGON ((-77.2177 36.241, -77.2346 36.2146, -77.2986 36.2115..…
#> 6 5 0.097 <POLYGON ((-76.7451 36.2339, -76.9807 36.2302, -76.9948 36.2356.…
#> 7 6 0.062 <POLYGON ((-76.009 36.3196, -75.9572 36.1938, -75.9813 36.1697..…
#> 8 7 0.091 <POLYGON ((-76.5625 36.3406, -76.6042 36.315, -76.6482 36.3153..…
#> 9 8 0.118 <POLYGON ((-78.3088 36.26, -78.2829 36.2919, -78.3213 36.5455...>
#> 10 9 0.124 <POLYGON ((-80.0257 36.2502, -80.453 36.2571, -80.4353 36.551...>
#> # … with 90 more rows
mdsumner/RGDALSQL documentation built on Sept. 27, 2020, 10:41 p.m.
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RGDALSQL
WIP
library(RGDALSQL)
f = system.file("extdata/continents", package = "RGDALSQL")
db <- dbConnect(RGDALSQL::GDALSQL(), f)
dbSendQuery(db, "SELECT * FROM continent WHERE FID < 1")
#> Field names: CONTINENT
#> Geometry (1 features):
#> <MULTIPOLYGON (((93.2755 80.2636, 93.148 80.3139, 91.4249 80.3101...>
res <- dbSendQuery(db, "SELECT * FROM continent WHERE continent LIKE '%ca'")
dbFetch(res)
#> # A tibble: 4 x 2
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 North America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-25.2817 71.3917, -25.6239 71.5372, -26.9503 7…
#> 2 Africa <MULTIPOLYGON (((0.694651 5.77337, 0.635833 5.94451, 0.506462 6…
#> 3 South America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-81.7131 12.4903, -81.7201 12.5453, -81.6924 1…
#> 4 Antarctica <MULTIPOLYGON (((51.8031 -46.4567, 51.7106 -46.4467, 51.6537 -4…
(res <- dbReadTable(db, "continent"))
#> # A tibble: 8 x 2
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 Asia <MULTIPOLYGON (((93.2755 80.2636, 93.148 80.3139, 91.4249 80.31…
#> 2 North America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-25.2817 71.3917, -25.6239 71.5372, -26.9503 7…
#> 3 Europe <MULTIPOLYGON (((58.0614 81.6878, 57.8899 81.7099, 59.4355 81.8…
#> 4 Africa <MULTIPOLYGON (((0.694651 5.77337, 0.635833 5.94451, 0.506462 6…
#> 5 South America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-81.7131 12.4903, -81.7201 12.5453, -81.6924 1…
#> 6 Oceania <MULTIPOLYGON (((-177.393 28.1842, -177.388 28.2146, -177.361 2…
#> 7 Australia <MULTIPOLYGON (((142.28 -10.2656, 142.189 -10.2042, 142.229 -10…
#> 8 Antarctica <MULTIPOLYGON (((51.8031 -46.4567, 51.7106 -46.4467, 51.6537 -4…
dplyr::tbl(db, "continent")
#> # Source: table<continent> [?? x 2]
#> # Database: GDALSQLConnection
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 Asia <MULTIPOLYGON (((93.2755 80.2636, 93.148 80.3139, 91.4249 80.31…
#> 2 North America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-25.2817 71.3917, -25.6239 71.5372, -26.9503 7…
#> 3 Europe <MULTIPOLYGON (((58.0614 81.6878, 57.8899 81.7099, 59.4355 81.8…
#> 4 Africa <MULTIPOLYGON (((0.694651 5.77337, 0.635833 5.94451, 0.506462 6…
#> 5 South America <MULTIPOLYGON (((-81.7131 12.4903, -81.7201 12.5453, -81.6924 1…
#> 6 Oceania <MULTIPOLYGON (((-177.393 28.1842, -177.388 28.2146, -177.361 2…
#> 7 Australia <MULTIPOLYGON (((142.28 -10.2656, 142.189 -10.2042, 142.229 -10…
#> 8 Antarctica <MULTIPOLYGON (((51.8031 -46.4567, 51.7106 -46.4467, 51.6537 -4…
Limitations
- currently read-only, so no temporary tables for
compute() - no temporary tables in non-DB drivers (i.e. GPKG is ok, SHP is not)
- no sub-queryies in non-DB drivers (i.e. no collapse for SHP or GDB)
filter, arrange, summarize, transmute, mutate, ok but cannot be chained for nested sub-queries
library(dplyr)
#>
#> Attaching package: 'dplyr'
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
#>
#> filter, lag
#> The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
#>
#> intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
tbl(db, "continent") %>% dplyr::filter(continent == "Australia")
#> # Source: lazy query [?? x 2]
#> # Database: GDALSQLConnection
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 Australia <MULTIPOLYGON (((142.28 -10.2656, 142.189 -10.2042, 142.229 -10.145…
tbl(db, "continent") %>% dplyr::filter(continent %in% c("Australia", "Antarctica")) %>% collect()
#> # A tibble: 2 x 2
#> CONTINENT `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <chr> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 Australia <MULTIPOLYGON (((142.28 -10.2656, 142.189 -10.2042, 142.229 -10.14…
#> 2 Antarctica <MULTIPOLYGON (((51.8031 -46.4567, 51.7106 -46.4467, 51.6537 -46.3…
Try OSM PBF.
# wget https://download.geofabrik.de/europe/albania-latest.osm.pbf
f <- fs::path_expand("~/albania-latest.osm.pbf")
pbf <- dbConnect(RGDALSQL::GDALSQL(),f)
## we have to use a normalized path
## (vapour doesn't do this yet, but GDALSQL will do it *when connecting*,
## currently maintains the input DSN)
pbf
# db_list_tables(pbf)
tbl(pbf, "points")
# Source: table<points> [?? x 11]
# Database: GDALSQLConnection
osm_id name barrier highway ref address is_in place man_made other_tags `_ogr_geometry_`
<chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <wk_wkb>
1 154606… "" "" "traffic… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"traffic_signals\",\… <POINT (19.8082 4…
2 154926… "" "" "crossin… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"uncontrolled\"" <POINT (19.4762 4…
3 154927… "" "" "traffic… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"traffic_signals\",\… <POINT (19.8221 4…
4 154927… "" "" "crossin… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"uncontrolled\"" <POINT (19.5045 4…
5 154928… "" "" "traffic… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"traffic_signals\",\… <POINT (19.8081 4…
6 154936… "" "" "crossin… "" "" "" "" "" "\"crossing\"=>\"uncontrolled\",\"su… <POINT (19.4954 4…
7 268630… "Grykat… "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "\"natural\"=>\"peak\"" <POINT (19.9047 4…
8 268632… "Kakiuk… "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "\"natural\"=>\"peak\"" <POINT (19.8792 4…
9 268635… "Mali i… "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "\"natural\"=>\"peak\",\"wikidata\"=… <POINT (19.9241 4…
10 268635… "Maja e… "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "\"natural\"=>\"peak\",\"prominence\… <POINT (20.1628 4…
# … with more rows
tbl(pbf, "multipolygons") %>% filter(osm_id == "53292") %>% select(`_ogr_geometry_`, type)
# Source: lazy query [?? x 2]
# Database: GDALSQLConnection
type `_ogr_geometry_`
<chr> <wk_wkb>
1 boundary <MULTIPOLYGON (((20.0126 42.5258, 20.0124 42.5257, 20.0123 42.5258...>
f <- "inst/extdata/shapes.gpkg"
conn <- dbConnect(RGDALSQL::GDALSQL(),f)
conn
#> <GDALSQLConnection>
#> DSN: inst/extdata/shapes.gpkg
#> tables: sids
dbListTables(conn)
#> [1] "sids"
x <- dbSendQuery(conn, "SELECT * FROM sids WHERE SID74 < 10")
tbl(conn, "sids") %>%
arrange(desc(AREA)) %>%
transmute(a = AREA *8, geom, AREA) %>%
filter(a > 1.62) %>%
show_query()
#> <SQL>
#> Warning: Ignoring sort order.
#> Hint: `arrange()` only has an effect if used at the end of a pipe or immediately before `head()`. See `?arrange.tbl_lazy` for details.
#> SELECT *
#> FROM (SELECT "AREA" * 8.0 AS "a", "geom", "AREA"
#> FROM "sids") "dbplyr_001"
#> WHERE ("a" > 1.62)
## with SHP we can't do subquery
f <- system.file("shape/nc.shp", package = "sf")
conn <- dbConnect(GDALSQL(), f)
## but the special variables are there
tbl(conn, "nc") %>% arrange(OGR_GEOM_AREA)
#> # Source: table<nc> [?? x 15]
#> # Database: GDALSQLConnection
#> # Ordered by: OGR_GEOM_AREA
#> AREA PERIMETER CNTY_ CNTY_ID NAME FIPS FIPSNO CRESS_ID BIR74 SID74 NWBIR74
#> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <int> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 0.042 0.999 2238 2238 New … 37129 37129 65 5526 12 1633
#> 2 0.044 1.16 1887 1887 Chow… 37041 37041 21 751 1 368
#> 3 0.051 1.10 2109 2109 Clay 37043 37043 22 284 0 1
#> 4 0.053 1.17 1848 1848 Pasq… 37139 37139 70 1638 3 622
#> 5 0.059 1.32 1927 1927 Mitc… 37121 37121 61 671 0 1
#> 6 0.06 1.04 2071 2071 Polk 37149 37149 75 533 1 95
#> 7 0.061 1.23 1827 1827 Alle… 37005 37005 3 487 0 10
#> 8 0.062 1.55 1834 1834 Camd… 37029 37029 15 286 0 115
#> 9 0.063 1 1881 1881 Perq… 37143 37143 72 484 1 230
#> 10 0.064 1.21 1892 1892 Avery 37011 37011 6 781 0 4
#> # … with more rows, and 4 more variables: BIR79 <dbl>, SID79 <dbl>,
#> # NWBIR79 <dbl>, `_ogr_geometry_` <wk_wkb>
tbl(conn, "nc") %>% arrange(OGR_GEOM_AREA, FID) %>% show_query()
#> <SQL>
#> SELECT *
#> FROM "nc"
#> ORDER BY "OGR_GEOM_AREA", "FID"
## FAILS because subquery
tbl(conn, "nc") %>% mutate(aa = AREA) %>% transmute(a1 = FID) %>% show_query()
#> <SQL>
#> SELECT "FID" AS "a1"
#> FROM (SELECT "AREA", "PERIMETER", "CNTY_", "CNTY_ID", "NAME", "FIPS", "FIPSNO", "CRESS_ID", "BIR74", "SID74", "NWBIR74", "BIR79", "SID79", "NWBIR79", "_ogr_geometry_", "AREA" AS "aa"
#> FROM "nc") "dbplyr_002"
## ok because a single statement
tbl(conn, "nc") %>% transmute(a1 = FID, aa = AREA) %>% collect()
#> # A tibble: 100 x 3
#> a1 aa `_ogr_geometry_`
#> <int> <dbl> <wk_wkb>
#> 1 0 0.114 <POLYGON ((-81.4728 36.2344, -81.5408 36.2725, -81.562 36.2736..…
#> 2 1 0.061 <POLYGON ((-81.2399 36.3654, -81.2407 36.3794, -81.2628 36.405..…
#> 3 2 0.143 <POLYGON ((-80.4563 36.2426, -80.4764 36.2547, -80.5369 36.2567.…
#> 4 3 0.07 <MULTIPOLYGON (((-76.009 36.3196, -76.0173 36.3377, -76.0329 36.…
#> 5 4 0.153 <POLYGON ((-77.2177 36.241, -77.2346 36.2146, -77.2986 36.2115..…
#> 6 5 0.097 <POLYGON ((-76.7451 36.2339, -76.9807 36.2302, -76.9948 36.2356.…
#> 7 6 0.062 <POLYGON ((-76.009 36.3196, -75.9572 36.1938, -75.9813 36.1697..…
#> 8 7 0.091 <POLYGON ((-76.5625 36.3406, -76.6042 36.315, -76.6482 36.3153..…
#> 9 8 0.118 <POLYGON ((-78.3088 36.26, -78.2829 36.2919, -78.3213 36.5455...>
#> 10 9 0.124 <POLYGON ((-80.0257 36.2502, -80.453 36.2571, -80.4353 36.551...>
#> # … with 90 more rows
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