R/rd-co2emissions.R

In svmiller/stevedata: Steve's Toy Data for Teaching About a Variety of Methodological, Social, and Political Topics

#' @importFrom tibble tibble
NULL

#' Carbon Dioxide Emissions Data
#'
#' This is a sample data set, cobbled from various sources, about
#'  carbon dioxide emissions in the history of the planet from 800,000 BCE to
#'  the most recently concluded calendar year. I use this for a data visualization
#'  example for a lecture on climate change and international politics.
#'  Data communicate yearly averages/estimates.
#'
#' @format A data frame with 3,099 observations on the following 2 variables.
#' \describe{
#' \item{\code{year}}{the year (negative values = BCE)}
#' \item{\code{value}}{estimated carbon dioxide emissions (in ppm)}
#' }
#'
#' @details The data come from many sources. Before 0 CE, the data come from 10 sources
#' described by the Environmental Protection Agency ("Climate Change Indicators:
#' Atmospheric Concentrations of Greenhouse Gases"). Observations from 0 CE to
#' 2014 come from Meinshausen et al. (2017)
#' \doi{10.5194/gmd-10-2057-2017}. Observations from 2015 forward come
#' from NASA ("Vital Signs").
#'
#' @references EPICA Dome C and Vostok Station, Antarctica: approximately 796,562 BCE to 1813 CE
#' Lüthi, D., M. Le Floch, B. Bereiter, T. Blunier, J.-M. Barnola, U. Siegenthaler, D. Raynaud,
#' J. Jouzel, H. Fischer, K. Kawamura, and T.F. Stocker. 2008. High-resolution carbon dioxide
#' concentration record 650,000–800,000 years before present. Nature 453:379–382.
#'
#' Law Dome, Antarctica, 75-year smoothed: approximately 1010 CE to 1975 CE
#' Etheridge, D.M., L.P. Steele, R.L. Langenfelds, R.J. Francey, J.-M. Barnola,
#' and V.I. Morgan. 1998. Historical CO2 records from the Law Dome DE08, DE08-2,
#' and DSS ice cores. In: Trends: A compendium of data on global change.
#' Oak Ridge, TN: U.S. Department of Energy.
#'
#' Siple Station, Antarctica: approximately 1744 CE to 1953 CE Neftel, A.,
#' H. Friedli, E. Moor, H. Lötscher, H. Oeschger, U. Siegenthaler, and B. Stauffer.
#' 1994. Historical carbon dioxide record from the Siple Station ice core.
#' In: Trends: A compendium of data on global change.
#' Oak Ridge, TN: U.S. Department of Energy.
#'
#' Mauna Loa, Hawaii: 1959 CE to 2015 CE NOAA
#' (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). 2016.
#' Annual mean carbon dioxide concentrations for Mauna Loa, Hawaii.
#'
#' Barrow, Alaska: 1974 CE to 2014 CE Cape Matatula, American Samoa:
#' 1976 CE to 2014 CE South Pole, Antarctica: 1976 CE to 2014 CE NOAA
#' (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). 2016.
#' Monthly mean carbon dioxide concentrations for Barrow, Alaska; Cape Matatula,
#' American Samoa; and the South Pole.
#'
#' Cape Grim, Australia: 1992 CE to 2006 CE Shetland Islands, Scotland:
#' 1993 CE to 2002 CE Steele, L.P., P.B. Krummel, and R.L. Langenfelds. 2007.
#' Atmospheric CO2 concentrations (ppmv) derived from flask air samples collected at
#' Cape Grim, Australia, and Shetland Islands, Scotland. Commonwealth Scientific
#' and Industrial Research Organisation.
#'
#' Lampedusa Island, Italy: 1993 CE to 2000 CE Chamard, P., L. Ciattaglia, A. di Sarra,
#' and F. Monteleone. 2001. Atmospheric carbon dioxide record from flask measurements
#' at Lampedusa Island. In: Trends: A compendium of data on global change.
#' Oak Ridge, TN: U.S. Department of Energy.
#'
#' Meinshausen, M., Vogel, E., Nauels, A., Lorbacher, K., Meinshausen,
#' N., Etheridge, D. M., Fraser, P. J., Montzka, S. A., Rayner, P. J., Trudinger,
#' C. M., Krummel, P. B., Beyerle, U., Canadell, J. G., Daniel, J. S., Enting,
#' I. G., Law, R. M., Lunder, C. R., O'Doherty, S., Prinn, R. G., Reimann, S., Rubino,
#' M., Velders, G. J. M., Vollmer, M. K., Wang, R. H. J., and Weiss, R.:
#' Historical greenhouse gas concentrations for climate modelling (CMIP6),
#' Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 2057-2116, 2017.
#'
"co2emissions"