modeldata: Data Sets Useful for Modeling Examples

#' Grant acceptance data
#'
#' A data set related to the success or failure of academic grants.
#'
#' The data are discussed in Kuhn and Johnson (2013):
#'
#' "These data are from a 2011 Kaggle competition sponsored by the University
#'  of Melbourne where there was interest in predicting whether or not a grant
#'  application would be accepted. Since public funding of grants had decreased
#'  over time, triaging grant applications based on their likelihood of success
#'  could be important for estimating the amount of potential funding to the
#'  university. In addition to predicting grant success, the university sought
#'  to understand factors that were important in predicting success."
#'
#'  The data ranged from 2005 and 2008 and the data spending strategy was
#'  driven by the date of the grant. Kuhn and Johnson (2013) describe:
#'
#' "The compromise taken here is to build models on the pre-2008 data and
#'  tune them by evaluating a random sample of 2,075 grants from 2008. Once the
#'  optimal parameters are determined, final model is built using these
#'  parameters and the entire training set (i.e., the data prior to 2008 and the
#'  additional 2,075 grants). A small holdout set of 518 grants from 2008 will
#'  be used to ensure that no gross methodology errors occur from repeatedly
#'  evaluating the 2008 data during model tuning. In the text, this set of
#'  samples is called the 2 0 0 8 holdout set. This small set of year 2008
#'  grants will be referred to as the test set and will not be evaluated until
#'  set of candidate models are identified."
#'
#' To emulate this, `grants_other` contains the training (pre-2008, n = 6,633)
#'  and holdout/validation data (2008, n = 1,557). `grants_test` has 518 grant
#'  samples from 2008. The object `grants_2008` is an integer vector that can
#'  be used to separate the modeling with the holdout/validation sets.
#'
#'
#' @name grants
#' @aliases grants_other grants_test grants_2008
#' @docType data
#' @return \item{grants_other,grants_test,grants_2008}{two tibbles and an integer
#' vector of data points used for training}
#' @source Kuhn and Johnson (2013). _Applied Predictive Modeling_. Springer.
#' @keywords datasets
#' @examples
#' data(grants)
#' str(grants_other)
#' str(grants_test)
#' str(grants_2008)
NULL