discon is a collection of R tools to enhance analysis of discourse connectors in text. Discourse connectors are cohesive devices that can be used to help identify themes within a text. This package provides computational means of extracting and visualizing various elements from the text that contain discourse connectors. This can assist in qualitative analysis of discourse by identifying categories that may aide analysis (using the computer for efficiency and data coverage) towards generating themes.
“Discourse connectors are devices used to bridge between turns (in speech) and sentences, indicating the logical relations among the parts of a the logical relations among the parts of a framework for the listener/reader. There are two major classes of discourse connectors: discourse markers and linking adverbials. Discourse markers – forms like ok, well, and now – are restricted primarily to spoken discourse. These forms have distinct discourse functions, but it is difficult to identify the specific meaning of the word itself. In contrast, linking adverbials – forms like however, thus, therefore, for example (e.g.), and that is (i.e.) – are found in both spoken and written registers, and they have greater inherent meaning than discourse markers.” (Beiber, 2006, p. 66)
Please see the following resources for additional information:
Alemany, L. A. (2005). Representing discourse for automatic text summarization via shallow NLP techniques (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona.
Biber, D. (2006). University language: A corpus-based study of spoken and written registers. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Halliday, M. A. K. & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. English Language Series. London: Longman.
Kalajahi, S. A. R., Abdullah, A. N., Mukundan, J., & Tannacito, D. J. (2012). Discourse connectors: An overview of the history, definition and classification of the term. World Applied Sciences Journal, 19(11), 1659-1673.
Linguistic Data Consortium. (2004) Simple metadata annotation specification (MDE). University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from http://www.itl.nist.gov/iad/mig/tests/rt/2004-fall/docs/SimpleMDE_V6.2-draft.pdf
Ryan, G. W. & Bernard, H. R. (2003). Techniques to identify themes. Field Methods. 15(1), 85-109. doi: 10.1177/1525822X02239569
Schiffrin, D. (1987). Discourse markers. London: Cambridge University Press.
Schiffrin, D. (2001). Discourse markers: Language, meaning, and context. In D. Schiffrin, D., D. Tannen, & H. E. Hamilton, (Eds.) The handbook of discourse analysis (pp. 54-75). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Ward, N. (2000, October). Issues in the Transcription of English Conversational Grunts. Proceedings of the 1st SIGdial Workshop on Discourse and Dialogue (pp. 29-35). Hong Kong: Association for Computational Linguistics. Retrieved from http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W00-1004
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