add.ar | R Documentation |
Add an AR(p) state component to the state specification.
AddAr(state.specification, y, lags = 1, sigma.prior, initial.state.prior = NULL, sdy)
state.specification |
A list of state components. If omitted, an empty list is assumed. |
y |
A numeric vector. The time series to be modeled. |
lags |
The number of lags ("p") in the AR(p) process. |
sigma.prior |
An object created by SdPrior. The prior for the standard deviation of the process increments. |
initial.state.prior |
An object of class MvnPrior describing the
values of the state at time 0. This argument can be |
sdy |
The sample standard deviation of the time series to be
modeled. Used to scale the prior distribution. This can be omitted
if |
The model is
alpha[t] = phi[1] * alpha[t-1] + ... + phi[p] * alpha[t-p] + epsilon[t-1], with epsilon[t-1] ~ N(0, sigma^2)
The state consists of the last p
lags of alpha
. The
state transition matrix has phi
in its first row, ones along
its first subdiagonal, and zeros elsewhere. The state variance matrix
has sigma^2
in its upper left corner and is zero elsewhere.
The observation matrix has 1 in its first element and is zero
otherwise.
Returns state.specification
with an AR(p) state component
added to the end.
Steven L. Scott steve.the.bayesian@gmail.com
Harvey (1990), "Forecasting, structural time series, and the Kalman filter", Cambridge University Press.
Durbin and Koopman (2001), "Time series analysis by state space methods", Oxford University Press.
bsts
.
SdPrior
n <- 100 residual.sd <- .001 # Actual values of the AR coefficients true.phi <- c(-.7, .3, .15) ar <- arima.sim(model = list(ar = true.phi), n = n, sd = 3) ## Layer some noise on top of the AR process. y <- ar + rnorm(n, 0, residual.sd) ss <- AddAr(list(), lags = 3, sigma.prior = SdPrior(3.0, 1.0)) # Fit the model with knowledge with residual.sd essentially fixed at the # true value. model <- bsts(y, state.specification=ss, niter = 500, prior = SdPrior(residual.sd, 100000)) # Now compare the empirical ACF to the true ACF. acf(y, lag.max = 30) points(0:30, ARMAacf(ar = true.phi, lag.max = 30), pch = "+") points(0:30, ARMAacf(ar = colMeans(model$AR3.coefficients), lag.max = 30)) legend("topright", leg = c("empirical", "truth", "MCMC"), pch = c(NA, "+", "o"))
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