Description Usage Arguments Details Value Author(s) References See Also Examples
These functions compute residual covariances, variance-standardized
residual covariances, and normalized residual covariances
for the observed variables in a structural-equation
model fit by sem
.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | ## S3 method for class 'sem'
residuals(object, ...)
standardized.residuals(object, ...)
## S3 method for class 'sem'
standardized.residuals(object, ...)
normalized.residuals(object, ...)
## S3 method for class 'sem'
normalized.residuals(object, ...)
|
object |
an object of class |
... |
not for the user. |
Residuals are defined as S - C, where S is the sample covariance matrix of the observed variables and C is the model-reproduced covariance matrix. The standardized residual covariance for a pair of variables divides the residual covariance by the product of the sample standard deviations of the two variables, (s_{ij} - c_{ij})/(s_{ii}s_{jj})^{1/2}. The normalized residual is given by
(s[ij] - c[ij])/[(c[ii]c[ii] + c[ij]^2)/N*]^[1/2]
where N^{*} is the number of observations minus one if the model is fit to a covariance matrix, or the number of observations if it is fit to a raw moment matrix.
Each function returns a matrix of residuals.
John Fox jfox@mcmaster.ca
Bollen, K. A. (1989) Structural Equations With Latent Variables. Wiley.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 | ## Not run:
# ------------- assumes that Duncan, Haller and Portes peer-influences model
# ------------- has been fit and is in sem.dhp.1
residuals(sem.dhp.1)
## ROccAsp REdAsp FOccAsp FEdAsp
## ROccAsp 4.156103e-07 -2.896368e-07 -2.866110e-02 9.102874e-02
## REdAsp -2.896368e-07 -1.541581e-06 -1.094841e-02 -2.379215e-02
## FOccAsp -2.866110e-02 -1.094841e-02 -3.740356e-06 -9.564103e-07
##
## . . .
##
## FIQ FParAsp
## ROccAsp 3.467853e-02 -3.187309e-02
## REdAsp 4.878970e-03 -4.443480e-02
## FOccAsp -7.354686e-03 2.488120e-02
## FEdAsp 1.124604e-02 -3.690078e-02
## RParAsp 2.775558e-17 5.551115e-17
## RIQ 2.220446e-16 6.938894e-17
## RSES 0.000000e+00 -1.387779e-17
## FSES 1.110223e-16 -2.775558e-17
## FIQ 4.440892e-16 1.110223e-16
## FParAsp 1.110223e-16 4.440892e-16
normalized.residuals(sem.dhp.1)
## ROccAsp REdAsp FOccAsp FEdAsp
## ROccAsp 5.330519e-06 -4.455587e-06 -4.898232e-01 1.567678e+00
## REdAsp -4.455587e-06 -1.977191e-05 -1.857670e-01 -4.071582e-01
## FOccAsp -4.898232e-01 -1.857670e-01 -4.797271e-05 -1.460881e-05
##
## . . .
##
## FIQ FParAsp
## ROccAsp 6.080514e-01 -5.747909e-01
## REdAsp 8.518738e-02 -8.007295e-01
## FOccAsp -1.180429e-01 4.374639e-01
## FEdAsp 1.832159e-01 -6.514685e-01
## RParAsp 5.019082e-16 1.000322e-15
## RIQ 3.818356e-15 1.252092e-15
## RSES 0.000000e+00 -2.506364e-16
## FSES 1.931472e-15 -5.029583e-16
## FIQ 5.695780e-15 1.971289e-15
## FParAsp 1.971289e-15 5.695780e-15
standardized.residuals(sem.dhp.1)
## ROccAsp REdAsp FOccAsp FEdAsp
## ROccAsp 4.156103e-07 -2.896368e-07 -2.866110e-02 9.102874e-02
## REdAsp -2.896368e-07 -1.541581e-06 -1.094841e-02 -2.379215e-02
## FOccAsp -2.866110e-02 -1.094841e-02 -3.740356e-06 -9.564103e-07
##
## . . .
##
## FIQ FParAsp
## ROccAsp 3.467853e-02 -3.187309e-02
## REdAsp 4.878970e-03 -4.443480e-02
## FOccAsp -7.354686e-03 2.488120e-02
## FEdAsp 1.124604e-02 -3.690078e-02
## RParAsp 2.775558e-17 5.551115e-17
## RIQ 2.220446e-16 6.938894e-17
## RSES 0.000000e+00 -1.387779e-17
## FSES 1.110223e-16 -2.775558e-17
## FIQ 4.440892e-16 1.110223e-16
## FParAsp 1.110223e-16 4.440892e-16
## End(Not run)
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