YZ: Yan and Zhang (2012) Grid-Search based PIN Estimates
In InfoTrad: Calculates the Probability of Informed Trading (PIN)

Description Usage Arguments Details Value Warning Author(s) References Examples

It estimates PIN using Yan and Zhang (2012) algorithm.

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YZ(data, likelihood = c("LK", "EHO"))
## S3 method for class 'YZ_class'
print(obj)

`data`	Data frame with 2 variables
`likelihood`	Character strings for likelihood algorithm. Default is "LK".
`obj`	object variable

Argument for data must be a data frame with 2 columns that only contain numbers. Not any other type. You do not have to give names to the columns. We will assign first one as "Buy" and second as "Sell", therefore you should put order numbers with respect to this order.

Returns a list of parameter estimates (output)

`alpha`	A Number
`delta`	A Number
`mu`	A Number
`eb`	A Number
`es`	A Number
`LikVal`	A Number
`PIN`	A Number

This function does not handle NA values. Therefore the datasets should not contain any missing value

Duygu Celik and Murat Tinic

Y. Yan and S. Zhang. An improved estimation method and empirical properties of the probability of informed trading. Journal of Banking & Finance, 36(2):454-467, 2012.

 
  # Sample Data
  #   Buy Sell 
  #1  350  382  
  #2  250  500  
  #3  500  463  
  #4  552  550  
  #5  163  200  
  #6  345  323  
  #7  847  456  
  #8  923  342  
  #9  123  578  
  #10 349  455   
  
  Buy<-c(350,250,500,552,163,345,847,923,123,349)
  Sell<-c(382,500,463,550,200,323,456,342,578,455)
  data<-cbind(Buy,Sell)
  
  # Parameter estimates using the LK factorization of Lin and Ke (2011) 
  # with the algorithm of Yan and Zhang (2012).
  # Default factorization is set to be "LK"
  
  result=YZ(data)
  print(result)
  
  # Alpha: 0.3999999 
  # Delta: 0 
  # Mu: 442.1667 
  # Epsilon_b: 263.3333 
  # Epsilon_s: 424.9 
  # Likelihood Value: 44371.84 
  # PIN: 0.2004457 
  
  # Parameter estimates using the EHO factorization of Easley et. al. (2010) 
  # with the algorithm of Yan and Zhang (2012).
  
  result=YZ(data,likelihood="EHO")
  print(result)
  
  # Alpha: 0.9000001 
  # Delta: 0.9000001 
  # Mu: 489.1111 
  # Epsilon_b: 396.1803 
  # Epsilon_s: 28.72002 
  # Likelihood Value: Inf 
  # PIN: 0.3321033