glmmPQL: Fit Generalized Linear Mixed Models via PQL

In MASS: Support Functions and Datasets for Venables and Ripley's MASS

Fit Generalized Linear Mixed Models via PQL

Description

Fit a GLMM model with multivariate normal random effects, using Penalized Quasi-Likelihood.

Usage

glmmPQL(fixed, random, family, data, correlation, weights,
        control, niter = 10, verbose = TRUE, ...)

Arguments

fixed	a two-sided linear formula giving fixed-effects part of the model.
random	a formula or list of formulae describing the random effects.
family	a GLM family.
data	an optional data frame, list or environment used as the first place to find variables in the formulae, weights and if present in ..., subset.
correlation	an optional correlation structure.
weights	optional case weights as in glm.
control	an optional argument to be passed to lme.
niter	maximum number of iterations.
verbose	logical: print out record of iterations?
...	Further arguments for lme.

Details

glmmPQL works by repeated calls to lme, so namespace nlme will be loaded at first use. (Before 2015 it used to attach nlme but nowadays only loads the namespace.)

Unlike lme, offset terms are allowed in fixed – this is done by pre- and post-processing the calls to lme.

Note that the returned object inherits from class "lme" and that most generics will use the method for that class. As from version 3.1-158, the fitted values have any offset included, as do the results of calling predict.

Value

A object of class c("glmmPQL", "lme"): see lmeObject.

References

Schall, R. (1991) Estimation in generalized linear models with random effects. Biometrika 78, 719–727.

Breslow, N. E. and Clayton, D. G. (1993) Approximate inference in generalized linear mixed models. Journal of the American Statistical Association 88, 9–25.

Wolfinger, R. and O'Connell, M. (1993) Generalized linear mixed models: a pseudo-likelihood approach. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation 48, 233–243.

Venables, W. N. and Ripley, B. D. (2002) Modern Applied Statistics with S. Fourth edition. Springer.

See Also

lme

Examples

summary(glmmPQL(y ~ trt + I(week > 2), random = ~ 1 | ID,
                family = binomial, data = bacteria))

## an example of an offset: the coefficient of 'week' changes by one.
summary(glmmPQL(y ~ trt + week, random = ~ 1 | ID,
               family = binomial, data = bacteria))
summary(glmmPQL(y ~ trt + week + offset(week), random = ~ 1 | ID,
                family = binomial, data = bacteria))

MASS documentation built on June 22, 2024, 10:42 a.m.