predict_selected: Predict selected models for a single scenario

In kuenm2: Detailed Development of Ecological Niche Models

Predict selected models for a single scenario

Description

This function predicts selected models for a single set of new data using either maxnet or glm It provides options to save the output and compute consensus results (mean, median, etc.) across replicates and models.

Usage

predict_selected(models, new_variables, mask = NULL, write_files = FALSE,
                 write_replicates = FALSE, out_dir = NULL,
                 consensus_per_model = TRUE, consensus_general = TRUE,
                 consensus = c("median", "range", "mean", "stdev"),
                 extrapolation_type = "E", var_to_restrict = NULL,
                 type = "cloglog", overwrite = FALSE, progress_bar = TRUE)

Arguments

models	an object of class fitted_models returned by the fit_selected() function.
new_variables	a SpatRaster or data.frame of predictor variables. The names of these variables must match those used to calibrate the models or those used to run PCA if do_pca = TRUE in the prepare_data() function.
mask	(SpatRaster, SpatVector, or SpatExtent) spatial object used to mask the variables before predict. Default is NULL.
write_files	(logical) whether to save the predictions (SpatRasters or data.frame) to disk. Default is FALSE.
write_replicates	(logical) whether to save the predictions for each replicates to disk. Only applicable if write_files is TRUE. Default is FALSE.
out_dir	(character) directory path where predictions will be saved. Only relevant if write_files = TRUE.
consensus_per_model	(logical) whether to compute consensus (mean, median, etc.) for each model across its replicates. Default is TRUE.
consensus_general	(logical) whether to compute a general consensus across all models. Default is TRUE.
consensus	(character) vector specifying the types of consensus to calculate across replicates and models. Available options are "median", "range", "mean", and "stdev" (standard deviation). Default is c("median", "range", "mean", "stdev").
extrapolation_type	(character) extrapolation type of model. Models can be transferred with three options: free extrapolation ('E'), extrapolation with clamping ('EC'), and no extrapolation ('NE'). Default = 'E'. See details.
var_to_restrict	(character) vector specifying which variables to clamp or not to extrapolate for. Only applicable if extrapolation_type is "EC" or "NE". Default is NULL, clamping and no extrapolation will be done for all variables.
type	(character) the format of prediction values. For maxnet models, valid options are "raw", "cumulative", "logistic", and "cloglog". For glm models, valid options are "cloglog", "response", "raw", "cumulative" and "link". Default is "cloglog.
overwrite	(logical) whether to overwrite SpatRasters if they already exist. Only applicable if write_files = TRUE. Default is FALSE.
progress_bar	(logical) whether to display a progress bar during processing. Default is TRUE.

Details

When predicting to areas where the variables are beyond the lower or upper limits of the calibration data, users can choose to free extrapolate the predictions (extrapolation_type = "E"), extrapolate with clamping (extrapolation_type = "EC"), or not extrapolate (extrapolation_type = "NE"). When clamping, the variables are set to minimum and maximum values established for the maximum and minimum values within calibration data. In the no extrapolation approach, any cell with at least one variable listed in var_to_restrict falling outside the calibration range is assigned a suitability value of 0.

Value

A list containing SpatRaster or data.frames predictions for each replicate, long with the consensus results for each model and the overall general consensus.

Examples

# Import variables to predict on
var <- terra::rast(system.file("extdata", "Current_variables.tif",
                               package = "kuenm2"))

# Example with maxnet
# Import example of fitted_models (output of fit_selected())
data("fitted_model_maxnet", package = "kuenm2")

# Predict to single scenario
p <- predict_selected(models = fitted_model_maxnet, new_variables = var)

# Example with GLMs
# Import example of fitted_models (output of fit_selected()) without replicates
data("fitted_model_glm", package = "kuenm2")

# Predict to single scenario
p_glm <- predict_selected(models = fitted_model_glm, new_variables = var)

# Plot predictions
terra::plot(c(p$General_consensus$median, p_glm$General_consensus),
            col = rev(terrain.colors(240)), main = c("MAXNET", "GLM"),
            zlim = c(0, 1))

kuenm2 documentation built on April 21, 2026, 1:07 a.m.