pdfemu: Probability Density Function of the Eta-Mu Distribution

In lmomco: L-Moments, Censored L-Moments, Trimmed L-Moments, L-Comoments, and Many Distributions

Probability Density Function of the Eta-Mu Distribution

Description

This function computes the probability density of the Eta-Mu (\eta:\mu) distribution given parameters (\eta and \mu) computed by paremu. The probability density function is

f(x) = \frac{4\sqrt{\pi}\mu^{\mu - 1/2}h^\mu}{\gamma(\mu)H^{\mu - 1/2}}\,x^{2\mu}\,\exp(-2\mu h x^2)\,I_{\mu-1/2}(2\mu H x^2)\mbox{,}

where f(x) is the nonexceedance probability for quantile x, and the modified Bessel function of the first kind is I_k(x), and the h and H are

h = \frac{1}{1-\eta^2}\mbox{,}

and

H = \frac{\eta}{1-\eta^2}\mbox{,}

for “Format 2” as described by Yacoub (2007). This format is exclusively used in the algorithms of the lmomco package.

If \mu=1, then the Rice distribution results, although pdfrice is not used. If \kappa \rightarrow 0, then the exact Nakagami-m density function results with a close relation to the Rayleigh distribution.

Define m as

m = 2\mu\biggl[1 + {\biggr(\frac{H}{h}\biggl)}^2 \biggr]\mbox{,}

where for a given m, the parameter \mu must lie in the range

m/2 \le \mu \le m\mbox{.}

The I_k(x) for real x > 0 and noninteger k is

I_k(x) = \frac{1}{\pi} \int_0^\pi \exp(x\cos(\theta)) \cos(k \theta)\; \mathrm{d}\theta - \frac{\sin(k\pi)}{\pi}\int_0^\infty \exp(-x \mathrm{cosh}(t) - kt)\; \mathrm{d}t\mbox{.}

Usage

pdfemu(x, para, paracheck=TRUE)

Arguments

x	A real value vector.
para	The parameters from paremu or vec2par.
paracheck	A logical controlling whether the parameters and checked for validity.

Value

Probability density (f) for x.

Author(s)

W.H. Asquith

References

Yacoub, M.D., 2007, The kappa-mu distribution and the eta-mu distribution: IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, v. 49, no. 1, pp. 68–81

See Also

cdfemu, quaemu, lmomemu, paremu

Examples

## Not run: 
x <- seq(0,4, by=.1)
para <- vec2par(c(.5, 1.4), type="emu")
F <- cdfemu(x, para);         X <- quaemu(F, para)
plot(F, X, type="l", lwd=8);  lines(F, x, col=2)

delx <- 0.005
x <- seq(0,3, by=delx)
plot(c(0,3), c(0,1), xaxs="i", yaxs="i",
     xlab="RHO", ylab="pdfemu(RHO)", type="n")
mu <- 0.6
# Note that in order to produce the figure correctly using the etas
# shown in the figure that it must be recognized that these are the etas
# for format1, but all of the algorithms in lmomco are built around
# format2
etas.format1 <- c(0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1)
etas.format2 <- (1 - etas.format1)/(1+etas.format1)
H <- etas.format2 / (1 - etas.format2^2)
h <-            1 / (1 - etas.format2^2)
for(eta in etas.format2) {
   lines(x, pdfemu(x, vec2par(c(eta, mu), type="emu")),
         col=rgb(eta^2,0,0))
}
mtext("Yacoub (2007, figure 5)")

plot(c(0,3), c(0,2), xaxs="i", yaxs="i",
     xlab="RHO", ylab="pdfemu(RHO)", type="n")
eta.format1 <- 0.5
eta.format2 <- (1 - eta.format1)/(1 + eta.format1)
mus <- c(0.25, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3)
for(mu in mus) {
   lines(x, pdfemu(x, vec2par(c(eta, mu), type="emu")))
}
mtext("Yacoub (2007, figure 6)")

plot(c(0,3), c(0,1), xaxs="i", yaxs="i",
     xlab="RHO", ylab="pdfemu(RHO)", type="n")
m <- 0.75
mus <- c(0.7425, 0.75, 0.7125, 0.675, 0.45, 0.5, 0.6)
for(mu in mus) {
   eta <- sqrt((m / (2*mu))^-1 - 1)
   print(eta)
   lines(x, pdfemu(x, vec2par(c(eta, mu), type="emu")))
}
mtext("Yacoub (2007, figure 7)") #
## End(Not run)

lmomco documentation built on Aug. 30, 2023, 5:10 p.m.