ef_ldv_speed: Emissions factors for Light Duty Vehicles and Motorcycles

View source: R/ef_ldv_speed.R

ef_ldv_speedR Documentation

Emissions factors for Light Duty Vehicles and Motorcycles

Description

ef_ldv_speed returns speed dependent emission factors, data.frames or list of emission factors. The emission factors comes from the guidelines EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/air/emep-eea-air-pollutant-emission-inventory-guidebook

Usage

ef_ldv_speed(
  v,
  t = "4S",
  cc,
  f,
  eu,
  p,
  x,
  k = 1,
  speed,
  show.equation = FALSE,
  fcorr = rep(1, 8)
)

Arguments

v

Character; category vehicle: "PC", "LCV", "Motorcycle" or "Moped

t

Character; sub-category of of vehicle: PC: "ECE_1501", "ECE_1502", "ECE_1503", "ECE_1504" , "IMPROVED_CONVENTIONAL", "OPEN_LOOP", "ALL", "2S" or "4S". LCV: "4S", Motorcycle: "2S" or "4S". Moped: "2S" or "4S"

cc

Character; size of engine in cc: PC: "<=1400", ">1400", "1400_2000", ">2000", "<=800", "<=2000". Motorcycle: ">=50" (for "2S"), "<=250", "250_750", ">=750". Moped: "<=50". LCV : "<3.5" for gross weight.

f

Character; type of fuel: "G", "D", "LPG" or "FH" (Gasoline Full Hybrid). Full hybrid vehicles cannot be charged from the grid and recharge; only its own engine may recharge tis batteries.

eu

Character or data.frame of characters; euro standard: "PRE", "I", "II", "III", "III+DPF", "IV", "V", "VI" or "VIc". When the pollutan is active surface or number of particles, eu can also be "III+DISI"

p

Character; pollutant: "CO", "FC", "NOx", "NO", "NO2", "HC", "PM", "NMHC", "CH4", "CO2", "SO2" or "Pb". Only when p is "SO2" pr "Pb" x is needed. Also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent organi pollutants (POPs), and Number of particles and Active Surface.

x

Numeric; if pollutant is "SO2", it is sulphur in fuel in ppm, if is "Pb", Lead in fuel in ppm.

k

Numeric; multiplication factor

speed

Numeric; Speed to return Number of emission factor and not a function.

show.equation

Logical; option to see or not the equation parameters.

fcorr

Numeric; Correction by fuel properties by euro technology. See fuel_corr. The order from first to last is "PRE", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", VI, "VIc". Default is 1

Details

The argument of this functions have several options which results in different combinations that returns emission factors. If a combination of any option is wrong it will return an empty value. Therefore, it is important ti know the combinations.

Value

An emission factor function which depends of the average speed V g/km

Note

t = "ALL" and cc == "ALL" works for several pollutants because emission fators are the same. Some exceptions are with NOx and FC because size of engine.

Hybrid cars: the only cover "PC" and according to EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2016 (Ntziachristos and Samaras, 2016) only for euro IV. When new literature is available, I will update these factors.

Pollutants (g/km): "CO", "NOx", "HC", "PM", "CH4", "NMHC", "CO2", "SO2", "Pb", "FC".

Black Carbon and Organic Matter (g/km): "BC", "OM"

PAH and POP (g/km): speciate Dioxins and furans(g equivalent toxicity / km): speciate Metals (g/km): speciate

NMHC (g/km): speciate

Active Surface (cm2/km): speciate"AS_urban", "AS_rural", "AS_highway"

Total Number of particles (N/km): speciate "N_urban", "N_rural", "N_highway", "N_50nm_urban", "N_50_100nm_rural", "N_100_1000nm_highway".

The available standards for Active Surface or number of particles are Euro I, II, III, III+DPF dor diesle and III+DISI for gasoline. Pre euro vehicles has the value of Euro I and euro IV, V, VI and VIc the value of euro III.

See Also

fuel_corr emis ef_ldv_cold

Examples

## Not run: 
# Passenger Cars PC
# Emission factor function
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "CO")
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]", type = "b", pch = 16, col = "blue")

# Quick view
pol <- c("CO", "NOx", "HC", "NMHC", "CH4", "FC", "PM", "CO2", "SO2",
"1-butyne", "propyne")
f <- sapply(1:length(pol), function(i){
ef_ldv_speed("PC", "4S", "<=1400", "G", "PRE", pol[i], x = 10)(30)
})
f
# PM Characteristics
pol <- c("AS_urban", "AS_rural", "AS_highway",
"N_urban", "N_rural", "N_highway",
"N_50nm_urban", "N_50_100nm_rural", "N_100_1000nm_highway")
f <- sapply(1:length(pol), function(i){
ef_ldv_speed("PC", "4S", "<=1400", "D", "PRE", pol[i], x = 10)(30)
})
f
# PAH POP
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene")(10)
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "napthalene")(10)

# Dioxins and Furans
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "PCB")(10)

# NMHC
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "hexane")(10)

# List of Copert emission factors for 40 years fleet of Passenger Cars.
# Assuming a euro distribution of euro V, IV, III, II, and I of
# 5 years each and the rest 15 as PRE euro:
euro <- c(rep("V", 5), rep("IV", 5), rep("III", 5), rep("II", 5),
          rep("I", 5), rep("PRE", 15))
speed <- 25
lef <- lapply(1:40, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
          eu = euro[i], p = "CO")
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
          eu = euro[i], p = "CO", show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
# to check the emission factor with a plot
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
euros <- c("VI", "V", "IV", "III", "II")
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
          eu = euros, p = "CO")
a <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
          eu = euros, p = "CO", speed = Speed(0:120))
head(a)
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[1:10, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 18))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[110:120, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 16))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 21))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)],
col = cptcity::cpt("mpl_viridis", n = 21))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)],
col = cptcity::cpt("mpl_magma", n = 21))
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 0)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 25, theta = 45)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 90)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 25, theta = 90+45)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 180)
new_euro <- c("VI", "VI", "V", "V", "V")
euro <- c("V", "V", "IV", "III", "II")
old_euro <- c("III", "II", "I", "PRE", "PRE")
meuros <- rbind(new_euro, euro, old_euro)
aa <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
          eu = meuros, p = "CO", speed = Speed(10:11))
# Light Commercial Vehicles
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "LCV",t = "4S", cc = "<3.5", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "CO")
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")
lef <- lapply(1:5, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "LCV", t = "4S", cc = "<3.5", f = "G",
          eu = euro[i], p = "CO", show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
# to check the emission factor with a plot
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")

# Motorcycles
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle",t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = "PRE", p = "CO",show.equation = TRUE)
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")
# euro for motorcycles
eurom <- c(rep("III", 5), rep("II", 5), rep("I", 5), rep("PRE", 25))
lef <- lapply(1:30, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle", t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = eurom[i], p = "CO",
show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
a <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle", t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = eurom, p = "CO", speed = Speed(0:125))
a$speed <- NULL
filled.contour(as.matrix(a), col = cptcity::lucky(),
xlab = "Speed", ylab = "Age")
persp(x = as.matrix(a), theta = 35, xlab = "Speed", ylab = "Euros",
zlab = "CO [g/km]", col = cptcity::lucky(), phi = 25)

## End(Not run)

vein documentation built on May 29, 2024, 7:20 a.m.