ef_ldv_speed: Emissions factors for Light Duty Vehicles and Motorcycles
In vein: Vehicular Emissions Inventories
ef_ldv_speed R Documentation
Emissions factors for Light Duty Vehicles and Motorcycles
Description
ef_ldv_speed returns speed dependent emission factors, data.frames or
list of emission factors. The emission factors
comes from the guidelines EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook
http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/air/emep-eea-air-pollutant-emission-inventory-guidebook
Usage
ef_ldv_speed(
v,
t = "4S",
cc,
f,
eu,
p,
x,
k = 1,
speed,
show.equation = FALSE,
fcorr = rep(1, 8)
)
Arguments
v
Character; category vehicle: "PC", "LCV", "Motorcycle" or "Moped
t
Character; sub-category of of vehicle: PC: "ECE_1501", "ECE_1502",
"ECE_1503", "ECE_1504" , "IMPROVED_CONVENTIONAL", "OPEN_LOOP", "ALL",
"2S" or "4S". LCV: "4S", Motorcycle: "2S" or "4S". Moped: "2S" or "4S"
cc
Character; size of engine in cc: PC: "<=1400", ">1400", "1400_2000", ">2000",
"<=800", "<=2000". Motorcycle: ">=50" (for "2S"), "<=250", "250_750", ">=750".
Moped: "<=50". LCV : "<3.5" for gross weight.
f
Character; type of fuel: "G", "D", "LPG" or "FH" (Gasoline Full Hybrid).
Full hybrid vehicles cannot be charged from the grid and recharge; only its own engine
may recharge tis batteries.
eu
Character or data.frame of characters; euro standard:
"PRE", "I", "II", "III", "III+DPF", "IV", "V", "VI" or "VIc".
When the pollutan is active surface or number of particles, eu can also be "III+DISI"
p
Character; pollutant: "CO", "FC", "NOx", "NO", "NO2", "HC", "PM", "NMHC", "CH4",
"CO2", "SO2" or "Pb". Only when p is "SO2" pr "Pb" x is needed. Also
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent organi pollutants (POPs),
and Number of particles and Active Surface.
x
Numeric; if pollutant is "SO2", it is sulphur in fuel in ppm, if is
"Pb", Lead in fuel in ppm.
k
Numeric; multiplication factor
speed
Numeric; Speed to return Number of emission factor and not a function.
show.equation
Logical; option to see or not the equation parameters.
fcorr
Numeric; Correction by fuel properties by euro technology.
See fuel_corr. The order from first to last is
"PRE", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", VI, "VIc". Default is 1
Details
The argument of this functions have several options which results in
different combinations that returns emission factors. If a combination of
any option is wrong it will return an empty value. Therefore, it is
important ti know the combinations.
Value
An emission factor function which depends of the average speed V g/km
Note
t = "ALL" and cc == "ALL" works for several pollutants because emission
fators are the same. Some exceptions are with NOx and FC because size of engine.
Hybrid cars: the only cover "PC" and according to EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory
guidebook 2016 (Ntziachristos and Samaras, 2016) only for euro IV. When new literature
is available, I will update these factors.
Pollutants (g/km): "CO", "NOx", "HC", "PM", "CH4", "NMHC", "CO2", "SO2",
"Pb", "FC".
Black Carbon and Organic Matter (g/km): "BC", "OM"
PAH and POP (g/km): speciate
Dioxins and furans(g equivalent toxicity / km): speciate
Metals (g/km): speciate
NMHC (g/km): speciate
Active Surface (cm2/km): speciate"AS_urban", "AS_rural", "AS_highway"
Total Number of particles (N/km): speciate "N_urban", "N_rural", "N_highway",
"N_50nm_urban", "N_50_100nm_rural", "N_100_1000nm_highway".
The available standards for Active Surface or number of particles are Euro I,
II, III, III+DPF dor diesle and III+DISI for gasoline. Pre euro vehicles
has the value of Euro I and euro IV, V, VI and VIc the value of euro III.
See Also
fuel_corr emis ef_ldv_cold
Examples
## Not run:
# Passenger Cars PC
# Emission factor function
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "CO")
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]", type = "b", pch = 16, col = "blue")
# Quick view
pol <- c("CO", "NOx", "HC", "NMHC", "CH4", "FC", "PM", "CO2", "SO2",
"1-butyne", "propyne")
f <- sapply(1:length(pol), function(i){
ef_ldv_speed("PC", "4S", "<=1400", "G", "PRE", pol[i], x = 10)(30)
})
f
# PM Characteristics
pol <- c("AS_urban", "AS_rural", "AS_highway",
"N_urban", "N_rural", "N_highway",
"N_50nm_urban", "N_50_100nm_rural", "N_100_1000nm_highway")
f <- sapply(1:length(pol), function(i){
ef_ldv_speed("PC", "4S", "<=1400", "D", "PRE", pol[i], x = 10)(30)
})
f
# PAH POP
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene")(10)
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "napthalene")(10)
# Dioxins and Furans
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "PCB")(10)
# NMHC
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "hexane")(10)
# List of Copert emission factors for 40 years fleet of Passenger Cars.
# Assuming a euro distribution of euro V, IV, III, II, and I of
# 5 years each and the rest 15 as PRE euro:
euro <- c(rep("V", 5), rep("IV", 5), rep("III", 5), rep("II", 5),
rep("I", 5), rep("PRE", 15))
speed <- 25
lef <- lapply(1:40, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = euro[i], p = "CO")
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = euro[i], p = "CO", show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
# to check the emission factor with a plot
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
euros <- c("VI", "V", "IV", "III", "II")
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = euros, p = "CO")
a <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = euros, p = "CO", speed = Speed(0:120))
head(a)
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[1:10, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 18))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[110:120, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 16))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 21))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)],
col = cptcity::cpt("mpl_viridis", n = 21))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)],
col = cptcity::cpt("mpl_magma", n = 21))
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 0)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 25, theta = 45)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 90)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 25, theta = 90+45)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 180)
new_euro <- c("VI", "VI", "V", "V", "V")
euro <- c("V", "V", "IV", "III", "II")
old_euro <- c("III", "II", "I", "PRE", "PRE")
meuros <- rbind(new_euro, euro, old_euro)
aa <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = meuros, p = "CO", speed = Speed(10:11))
# Light Commercial Vehicles
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "LCV",t = "4S", cc = "<3.5", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "CO")
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")
lef <- lapply(1:5, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "LCV", t = "4S", cc = "<3.5", f = "G",
eu = euro[i], p = "CO", show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
# to check the emission factor with a plot
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
# Motorcycles
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle",t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = "PRE", p = "CO",show.equation = TRUE)
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")
# euro for motorcycles
eurom <- c(rep("III", 5), rep("II", 5), rep("I", 5), rep("PRE", 25))
lef <- lapply(1:30, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle", t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = eurom[i], p = "CO",
show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
a <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle", t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = eurom, p = "CO", speed = Speed(0:125))
a$speed <- NULL
filled.contour(as.matrix(a), col = cptcity::lucky(),
xlab = "Speed", ylab = "Age")
persp(x = as.matrix(a), theta = 35, xlab = "Speed", ylab = "Euros",
zlab = "CO [g/km]", col = cptcity::lucky(), phi = 25)
## End(Not run)
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| ef_ldv_speed | R Documentation |
Emissions factors for Light Duty Vehicles and Motorcycles
Description
ef_ldv_speed returns speed dependent emission factors, data.frames or
list of emission factors. The emission factors
comes from the guidelines EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook
http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/air/emep-eea-air-pollutant-emission-inventory-guidebook
Usage
ef_ldv_speed(
v,
t = "4S",
cc,
f,
eu,
p,
x,
k = 1,
speed,
show.equation = FALSE,
fcorr = rep(1, 8)
)
Arguments
v |
Character; category vehicle: "PC", "LCV", "Motorcycle" or "Moped |
t |
Character; sub-category of of vehicle: PC: "ECE_1501", "ECE_1502", "ECE_1503", "ECE_1504" , "IMPROVED_CONVENTIONAL", "OPEN_LOOP", "ALL", "2S" or "4S". LCV: "4S", Motorcycle: "2S" or "4S". Moped: "2S" or "4S" |
cc |
Character; size of engine in cc: PC: "<=1400", ">1400", "1400_2000", ">2000", "<=800", "<=2000". Motorcycle: ">=50" (for "2S"), "<=250", "250_750", ">=750". Moped: "<=50". LCV : "<3.5" for gross weight. |
f |
Character; type of fuel: "G", "D", "LPG" or "FH" (Gasoline Full Hybrid). Full hybrid vehicles cannot be charged from the grid and recharge; only its own engine may recharge tis batteries. |
eu |
Character or data.frame of characters; euro standard: "PRE", "I", "II", "III", "III+DPF", "IV", "V", "VI" or "VIc". When the pollutan is active surface or number of particles, eu can also be "III+DISI" |
p |
Character; pollutant: "CO", "FC", "NOx", "NO", "NO2", "HC", "PM", "NMHC", "CH4", "CO2", "SO2" or "Pb". Only when p is "SO2" pr "Pb" x is needed. Also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), persistent organi pollutants (POPs), and Number of particles and Active Surface. |
x |
Numeric; if pollutant is "SO2", it is sulphur in fuel in ppm, if is "Pb", Lead in fuel in ppm. |
k |
Numeric; multiplication factor |
speed |
Numeric; Speed to return Number of emission factor and not a function. |
show.equation |
Logical; option to see or not the equation parameters. |
fcorr |
Numeric; Correction by fuel properties by euro technology.
See |
Details
The argument of this functions have several options which results in different combinations that returns emission factors. If a combination of any option is wrong it will return an empty value. Therefore, it is important ti know the combinations.
Value
An emission factor function which depends of the average speed V g/km
Note
t = "ALL" and cc == "ALL" works for several pollutants because emission fators are the same. Some exceptions are with NOx and FC because size of engine.
Hybrid cars: the only cover "PC" and according to EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2016 (Ntziachristos and Samaras, 2016) only for euro IV. When new literature is available, I will update these factors.
Pollutants (g/km): "CO", "NOx", "HC", "PM", "CH4", "NMHC", "CO2", "SO2", "Pb", "FC".
Black Carbon and Organic Matter (g/km): "BC", "OM"
PAH and POP (g/km): speciate
Dioxins and furans(g equivalent toxicity / km): speciate
Metals (g/km): speciate
NMHC (g/km): speciate
Active Surface (cm2/km): speciate"AS_urban", "AS_rural", "AS_highway"
Total Number of particles (N/km): speciate "N_urban", "N_rural", "N_highway",
"N_50nm_urban", "N_50_100nm_rural", "N_100_1000nm_highway".
The available standards for Active Surface or number of particles are Euro I, II, III, III+DPF dor diesle and III+DISI for gasoline. Pre euro vehicles has the value of Euro I and euro IV, V, VI and VIc the value of euro III.
See Also
fuel_corr emis ef_ldv_cold
Examples
## Not run:
# Passenger Cars PC
# Emission factor function
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "CO")
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]", type = "b", pch = 16, col = "blue")
# Quick view
pol <- c("CO", "NOx", "HC", "NMHC", "CH4", "FC", "PM", "CO2", "SO2",
"1-butyne", "propyne")
f <- sapply(1:length(pol), function(i){
ef_ldv_speed("PC", "4S", "<=1400", "G", "PRE", pol[i], x = 10)(30)
})
f
# PM Characteristics
pol <- c("AS_urban", "AS_rural", "AS_highway",
"N_urban", "N_rural", "N_highway",
"N_50nm_urban", "N_50_100nm_rural", "N_100_1000nm_highway")
f <- sapply(1:length(pol), function(i){
ef_ldv_speed("PC", "4S", "<=1400", "D", "PRE", pol[i], x = 10)(30)
})
f
# PAH POP
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene")(10)
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "napthalene")(10)
# Dioxins and Furans
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "PCB")(10)
# NMHC
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC",t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "hexane")(10)
# List of Copert emission factors for 40 years fleet of Passenger Cars.
# Assuming a euro distribution of euro V, IV, III, II, and I of
# 5 years each and the rest 15 as PRE euro:
euro <- c(rep("V", 5), rep("IV", 5), rep("III", 5), rep("II", 5),
rep("I", 5), rep("PRE", 15))
speed <- 25
lef <- lapply(1:40, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = euro[i], p = "CO")
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = euro[i], p = "CO", show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
# to check the emission factor with a plot
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
euros <- c("VI", "V", "IV", "III", "II")
ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = euros, p = "CO")
a <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = euros, p = "CO", speed = Speed(0:120))
head(a)
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[1:10, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 18))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[110:120, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 16))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], col = cptcity::cpt(n = 21))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)],
col = cptcity::cpt("mpl_viridis", n = 21))
filled.contour(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)],
col = cptcity::cpt("mpl_magma", n = 21))
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 0)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 25, theta = 45)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 90)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 25, theta = 90+45)
persp(as.matrix(a)[, 1:length(euros)], phi = 0, theta = 180)
new_euro <- c("VI", "VI", "V", "V", "V")
euro <- c("V", "V", "IV", "III", "II")
old_euro <- c("III", "II", "I", "PRE", "PRE")
meuros <- rbind(new_euro, euro, old_euro)
aa <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "PC", t = "4S", cc = "<=1400", f = "G",
eu = meuros, p = "CO", speed = Speed(10:11))
# Light Commercial Vehicles
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "LCV",t = "4S", cc = "<3.5", f = "G", eu = "PRE",
p = "CO")
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")
lef <- lapply(1:5, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "LCV", t = "4S", cc = "<3.5", f = "G",
eu = euro[i], p = "CO", show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
# to check the emission factor with a plot
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
# Motorcycles
V <- 0:150
ef1 <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle",t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = "PRE", p = "CO",show.equation = TRUE)
efs <- EmissionFactors(ef1(1:150))
plot(Speed(1:150), efs, xlab = "speed[km/h]")
# euro for motorcycles
eurom <- c(rep("III", 5), rep("II", 5), rep("I", 5), rep("PRE", 25))
lef <- lapply(1:30, function(i) {
ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle", t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = eurom[i], p = "CO",
show.equation = FALSE)(25) })
efs <- EmissionFactors(unlist(lef)) #returns 'units'
plot(efs, xlab = "age")
lines(efs, type = "l")
a <- ef_ldv_speed(v = "Motorcycle", t = "4S", cc = "<=250", f = "G",
eu = eurom, p = "CO", speed = Speed(0:125))
a$speed <- NULL
filled.contour(as.matrix(a), col = cptcity::lucky(),
xlab = "Speed", ylab = "Age")
persp(x = as.matrix(a), theta = 35, xlab = "Speed", ylab = "Euros",
zlab = "CO [g/km]", col = cptcity::lucky(), phi = 25)
## End(Not run)
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