Description Usage Format Details References
Raster brick with predictive variables to fit species distribution models for the European territory at ~20km resolution and reference system WGS84 (units are degrees of latitude and longitude, EPSG is 4326). The variables are:
bio1: annual mean temperature (ÂșC x 10).
bio2: mean diurnal temperature range, computed as mean of monthly (max temp - min temp).
bio3: isothermality, computed as (bio2/bio7)*100.
bio4: temperature seasonality (standard deviation of monthly averages * 100).
bio5: maximum temperature of the warmest month.
bio6: minimum temperature of the coldest month.
bio7: temperature annual range, computed as (bio5-bio6.
bio8: mean temperature of the wettest quarter.
bio9: mean temperature of the driest quarter.
bio10: mean temperature of the warmest quarter.
bio11: mean temperature of the coldest quarter.
bio12: annual precipitation (mm.).
bio13: precipitation of wettest month.
bio14: precipitation of driest month.
bio15: precipitation seasonality (standard deviation of monthly averages * 100).
bio16: precipitation of wettest quarter.
bio17: precipitation of driest quarter.
bio18: precipitation of warmest quarter.
bio19: precipitation of coldest quarter.
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Raster brick with 19 layers.
Bioclim variables (bioXX) were downloaded from the CCSM4 model available in the Last Glacial Maximum section of the Worldclim v1.4 dataset (Hijmans et al. 2005, https://www.worldclim.org/version1).
Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978.
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