Description Usage Arguments Details Value References Examples
View source: R/TMParameterEstimation.R
Estimated the parameters that represent the probabilities of three active DNA methylation change types during n cell cycle(s).
1 | TMParameterEstimation(observation_matrix, iter = 50, cell_cycle = 1)
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observation_matrix |
The transition matrix(5 \times 5) from the original state to the terminal state.
# observation_matrix[1,1](a1) is the ratio of original_class1 to terminal_class1,observation_matrix[1,2](b1) is the ratio of original_class2 to terminal_class1 and so on | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
iter |
The iteration times of the parameter estimation using the Newton-Raphson method with different initial guesses. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
cell_cycle |
The cell cycle times from the original state to the terminal state. |
The transition matrix of this model describes the changes of DNA methylation during one cell cycle in three steps: passive demethylation by DNA replication, active DNA methylation changes affected by DNA methylation-modifying enzymes and DNA methylation combinations during homologous recombination. For each CpG site in a chromsome, the methylation states are one of these four types: 0-0, 0-1, 1-0, 1-1. The transition matrix after DNA replication would be :
original(0-0) | original(0-1) | original(1-0) | original(1-1) | |
after_replication(0-0) | 1 | a | 1-a | 0 |
after_replication(0-1) | 0 | 1-a | 0 | 1-a |
after_replication(1-0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | a |
after_replication(1-1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
among this matrix ,a is the methylation change probability with DNA replication and equal to 0.5. Then the transition matrix after active DNA methylation changes would be:
after_replication(0-0) | after_replication(0-1) | after_replication(1-0) | after_replication(1-1) | |
after_enzymemodifying(0-0) | (1-u) \times (1-u) | (1-u-p+u \times p) \times d | d \times (1-u-p+u \times p) | 0 |
after_enzymemodifying(0-1) | u \times (1-u) | (1-u-p+u \times p) \times (1-d) | d \times (u+p-u \times p) | 0 |
after_enzymemodifying(1-0) | u \times (1-u) | (u+p-u \times p) \times d | (1-d) \times (1-u-p+u \times p) | 0 |
after_enzymemodifying(1-1) | u \times u | (u+p-u \times p) \times (1-d) | (1-d) \times (u+p-u \times p) | 1 |
The paramater u described the methylation probablity on CpG site. The paramater d described the de-methylation probablity on 5mCpG site. The paramater p described the methylation probablity on semi-CpG site. Thus the mathlation state change is P = Penzymemodifying \cdot Preplication \cdot original_classes We using t_{i,j} represent the i and j vector of the matrix Penzymemodifying \cdot Preplication Then two chromsomes are combined during homologous recombination. The observed DNA methylation of each CpG site is the combination of the methylation types in both chromsomes. The observed transition matrix would be :
original_class1(0) | original_class2(1/4) | original_class3(1/2) | original_class4(3/4) | original_class5(1) | |
terminal_class1(0) | x_{1,1} | x_{1,2} | x_{1,3} | x_{1,4} | x_{1,5} |
terminal_class2(1/4) | x_{2,1} | x_{2,2} | x_{2,3} | x_{2,4} | x_{2,5} |
terminal_class3(1/2) | x_{3,1} | x_{3,2} | x_{3,3} | x_{3,4} | x_{3,5} |
terminal_class4(3/4) | x_{4,1} | x_{4,2} | x_{4,3} | x_{4,4} | x_{4,5} |
terminal_class5(1) | x_{5,1} | x_{5,2} | x_{5,3} | x_{5,4} | x_{5,5} |
and
x_{1,1}=t_{1,1} \times t_{1,1}
x_{1,1}=t_{{,1},1} \times t_{{,1},1}
x_{1,2}=1/4 \times (t_{1,1} \times t_{1,2}+t_{1,1} \times t_{1,3}+t_{1,2} \times t_{1,1}+t_{1,3} \times t_{1,1})
x_{1,3}=1/6 \times (t_{1,1} \times t_{1,4}+t_{1,2} \times t_{1,2}+t_{1,2} \times t_{1,3}+t_{1,3} \times t_{1,2}+t_{1,3} \times t_{1,3}+t_{1,4} \times t_{1,1})
x_{1,4}=1/4 \times (t_{1,2} \times t_{1,4}+t_{1,3} \times t_{1,4}+t_{1,4} \times t_{1,2}+t_{1,4} \times t_{1,3})
x_{1,5}=t_{1,4} \times t_{1,4}
x_{2,1}=t_{1,1} \times t_{2,1}+t_{1,1} \times t_{3,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{1,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{1,1}
x_{2,2}=1/4 \times (t_{1,1} \times t_{2,2}+t_{1,1} \times t_{2,3}+t_{1,2} \times t_{2,1}+t_{1,3} \times t_{2,1}+t_{1,1} \times t_{3,2}+t_{1,1} \times t_{3,3}+t_{1,2} \times t_{3,1}+t_{1,3} \times t_{3,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{1,2}+t_{2,1} \times t_{1,3}+t_{2,2} \times t_{1,1}+t_{2,3} \times t_{1,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{1,2}+t_{3,1} \times t_{1,3}+t_{3,2} \times t_{1,1}+t_{3,3} \times t_{1,1})
x_{2,3}=1/6 \times (t_{1,1} \times t_{2,4}+t_{1,2} \times t_{2,2}+t_{1,2} \times t_{2,3}+t_{1,3} \times t_{2,2}+t_{1,3} \times t_{2,3}+t_{1,4} \times t_{2,1}+t_{1,1} \times t_{3,4}+t_{1,2} \times t_{3,2}+t_{1,2} \times t_{3,3}+t_{1,3} \times t_{3,2}+t_{1,3} \times t_{3,3}+t_{1,4} \times t_{3,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{1,4}+t_{2,2} \times t_{1,2}+t_{2,2} \times t_{1,3}+t_{2,3} \times t_{1,2}+t_{2,3} \times t_{1,3}+t_{2,4} \times t_{1,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{1,4}+t_{3,2} \times t_{1,2}+t_{3,2} \times t_{1,3}+t_{3,3} \times t_{1,2}+t_{3,3} \times t_{1,3}+t_{3,4} \times t_{1,1})
x_{2,4}=1/4 \times (t_{1,2} \times t_{2,4}+t_{1,3} \times t_{2,4}+t_{1,4} \times t_{2,2}+t_{1,4} \times t_{2,3}+t_{1,2} \times t_{3,4}+t_{1,3} \times t_{3,4}+t_{1,4} \times t_{3,2}+t_{1,4} \times t_{3,3}+t_{2,2} \times t_{1,4}+t_{2,3} \times t_{1,4}+t_{2,4} \times t_{1,2}+t_{2,4} \times t_{1,3}+t_{3,2} \times t_{1,4}+t_{3,3} \times t_{1,4}+t_{3,4} \times t_{1,2}+t_{3,4} \times t_{1,3})
x_{2,5}=t_{1,4} \times t_{2,4}+t_{1,4} \times t_{3,4}+t_{2,4} \times t_{1,4}+t_{3,4} \times t_{1,4}
x_{3,1}=t_{1,1} \times t_{4,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{2,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{3,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{2,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{3,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{1,1}
x_{3,2}=1/4 \times (t_{1,1} \times t_{4,2}+t_{1,1} \times t_{4,3}+t_{1,2} \times t_{4,1}+t_{1,3} \times t_{4,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{2,2}+t_{2,1} \times t_{2,3}+t_{2,2} \times t_{2,1}+t_{2,3} \times t_{2,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{3,2}+t_{2,1} \times t_{3,3}+t_{2,2} \times t_{3,1}+t_{2,3} \times t_{3,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{2,2}+t_{3,1} \times t_{2,3}+t_{3,2} \times t_{2,1}+t_{3,3} \times t_{2,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{3,2}+t_{3,1} \times t_{3,3}+t_{3,2} \times t_{3,1}+t_{3,3} \times t_{3,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{1,2}+t_{4,1} \times t_{1,3}+t_{4,2} \times t_{1,1}+t_{4,3} \times t_{1,1})
x_{3,3}=1/6 \times (t_{1,1} \times t_{4,4}+t_{1,2} \times t_{4,2}+t_{1,2} \times t_{4,3}+t_{1,3} \times t_{4,2}+t_{1,3} \times t_{4,3}+t_{1,4} \times t_{4,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{2,4}+t_{2,2} \times t_{2,2}+t_{2,2} \times t_{2,3}+t_{2,3} \times t_{2,2}+t_{2,3} \times t_{2,3}+t_{2,4} \times t_{2,1}+t_{2,1} \times t_{3,4}+t_{2,2} \times t_{3,2}+t_{2,2} \times t_{3,3}+t_{2,3} \times t_{3,2}+t_{2,3} \times t_{3,3}+t_{2,4} \times t_{3,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{2,4}+t_{3,2} \times t_{2,2}+t_{3,2} \times t_{2,3}+t_{3,3} \times t_{2,2}+t_{3,3} \times t_{2,3}+t_{3,4} \times t_{2,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{3,4}+t_{3,2} \times t_{3,2}+t_{3,2} \times t_{3,3}+t_{3,3} \times t_{3,2}+t_{3,3} \times t_{3,3}+t_{3,4} \times t_{3,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{1,4}+t_{4,2} \times t_{1,2}+t_{4,2} \times t_{1,3}+t_{4,3} \times t_{1,2}+t_{4,3} \times t_{1,3}+t_{4,4} \times t_{1,1})
x_{3,4}=1/4 \times (t_{1,2} \times t_{4,4}+t_{1,3} \times t_{4,4}+t_{1,4} \times t_{4,2}+t_{1,4} \times t_{4,3}+t_{2,2} \times t_{2,4}+t_{2,3} \times t_{2,4}+t_{2,4} \times t_{2,2}+t_{2,4} \times t_{2,3}+t_{2,2} \times t_{3,4}+t_{2,3} \times t_{3,4}+t_{2,4} \times t_{3,2}+t_{2,4} \times t_{3,3}+t_{3,2} \times t_{2,4}+t_{3,3} \times t_{2,4}+t_{3,4} \times t_{2,2}+t_{3,4} \times t_{2,3}+t_{3,2} \times t_{3,4}+t_{3,3} \times t_{3,4}+t_{3,4} \times t_{3,2}+t_{3,4} \times t_{3,3}+t_{4,2} \times t_{1,4}+t_{4,3} \times t_{1,4}+t_{4,4} \times t_{1,2}+t_{4,4} \times t_{1,3})
x_{3,5}=t_{1,4} \times t_{4,4}+t_{2,4} \times t_{2,4}+t_{2,4} \times t_{3,4}+t_{3,4} \times t_{2,4}+t_{3,4} \times t_{3,4}+t_{4,4} \times t_{1,4}
x_{4,1}=t_{2,1} \times t_{4,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{4,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{2,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{3,1}
x_{4,2}=1/4 \times (t_{2,1} \times t_{4,2}+t_{2,1} \times t_{4,3}+t_{2,2} \times t_{4,1}+t_{2,3} \times t_{4,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{4,2}+t_{3,1} \times t_{4,3}+t_{3,2} \times t_{4,1}+t_{3,3} \times t_{4,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{2,2}+t_{4,1} \times t_{2,3}+t_{4,2} \times t_{2,1}+t_{4,3} \times t_{2,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{3,2}+t_{4,1} \times t_{3,3}+t_{4,2} \times t_{3,1}+t_{4,3} \times t_{3,1})
x_{4,3}=1/6 \times (t_{2,1} \times t_{4,4}+t_{2,2} \times t_{4,2}+t_{2,2} \times t_{4,3}+t_{2,3} \times t_{4,2}+t_{2,3} \times t_{4,3}+t_{2,4} \times t_{4,1}+t_{3,1} \times t_{4,4}+t_{3,2} \times t_{4,2}+t_{3,2} \times t_{4,3}+t_{3,3} \times t_{4,2}+t_{3,3} \times t_{4,3}+t_{3,4} \times t_{4,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{2,4}+t_{4,2} \times t_{2,2}+t_{4,2} \times t_{2,3}+t_{4,3} \times t_{2,2}+t_{4,3} \times t_{2,3}+t_{4,4} \times t_{2,1}+t_{4,1} \times t_{3,4}+t_{4,2} \times t_{3,2}+t_{4,2} \times t_{3,3}+t_{4,3} \times t_{3,2}+t_{4,3} \times t_{3,3}+t_{4,4} \times t_{3,1})
x_{4,4}=1/4 \times (t_{2,2} \times t_{4,4}+t_{2,3} \times t_{4,4}+t_{2,4} \times t_{4,2}+t_{2,4} \times t_{4,3}+t_{3,2} \times t_{4,4}+t_{3,3} \times t_{4,4}+t_{3,4} \times t_{4,2}+t_{3,4} \times t_{4,3}+t_{4,2} \times t_{2,4}+t_{4,3} \times t_{2,4}+t_{4,4} \times t_{2,2}+t_{4,4} \times t_{2,3}+t_{4,2} \times t_{3,4}+t_{4,3} \times t_{3,4}+t_{4,4} \times t_{3,2}+t_{4,4} \times t_{3,3})
x_{4,5}=t_{2,4} \times t_{4,4}+t_{3,4} \times t_{4,4}+t_{4,4} \times t_{2,4}+t_{4,4} \times t_{3,4}
x_{5,1}=t_{4,1} \times t_{4,1}
x_{5,2}=1/4 \times (t_{4,1} \times t_{4,2}+t_{4,1} \times t_{4,3}+t_{4,2} \times t_{4,1}+t_{4,3} \times t_{4,1})
x_{5,3}=1/6 \times (t_{4,1} \times t_{4,4}+t_{4,2} \times t_{4,2}+t_{4,2} \times t_{4,3}+t_{4,3} \times t_{4,2}+t_{4,3} \times t_{4,3}+t_{4,4} \times t_{4,1})
x_{5,4}=1/4 \times (t_{4,2} \times t_{4,4}+t_{4,3} \times t_{4,4}+t_{4,4} \times t_{4,2}+t_{4,4} \times t_{4,3})
x_{5,5}=t_{4,4} \times t_{4,4}
The cost function was defined by
f_{cost}=∑_{i=1,j=1}^{n=5} (o_{i,j}-x_{i,j})
and minimized using the Newton-Raphson method.
estimated_parameters The estimated parameters using the maximum likelihood estimation and the Newton-Raphson method.
predicted_matrix The calculated transition matrix using the estimated parameters.
Zhao, C. et.al.(2019). A DNA methylation state transition model reveals the programmed epigenetic heterogeneity in pre-implantation embryos. Under revision.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | # Let's start from a transtion matrix
observation_matrix <- matrix(c(0.9388,0.0952,0.0377,0,0.0001,
0.0497,0.5873,0.1887,0.0344,0.0149,
0.0096,0.2381,0.4151,0.0653,0.0876,
0.0019,0.0635,0.3396,0.6151,0.253,
0,0.0159,0.0189,0.2852,0.6444),5,5,byrow=T)
# The DNA methylation states change from original state to the terminal state after 1 cell cycle.
TMParameterEstimation(observation_matrix,iter=30,cell_cycle=1)
# The DNA methylation states change from original state to the terminal state after 2 cell cycle.
# TMParameterEstimation(observation_matrix,iter=1,cell_cycle=2)
# if this function was not successful to estimated the function, you may try more iterations with different initial guesses
TMParameterEstimation(observation_matrix,iter=50,cell_cycle=2)
# The DNA methylation states change from original state to the terminal state after 30 cell cycle.
TMParameterEstimation(observation_matrix,iter=50,cell_cycle=30)
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