scrubr is a general purpose toolbox for cleaning biological occurrence records. Think of it like dplyr but specifically for occurrence data. It includes functionality for cleaning based on various aspects of spatial coordinates, unlikely values due to political centroids, taxonomic names, and more.

Installation

Install from CRAN

install.packages("scrubr")

Or install the development version from GitHub

remotes::install_github("ropensci/scrubr")

Load scrubr

library("scrubr")

We'll use sample datasets included with the package, they are lazy loaded, and available via sample_data_1 and sample_data_2

data.frame's

All functions expect data.frame's as input, and output data.frame's

Pipe vs. no pipe

We think that using a piping workflow with %>% makes code easier to build up, and easier to understand. However, in some examples below we provide commented out examples without the pipe to demonstrate traditional usage - which you can use if you remove the comment # at beginning of the line.

dframe

dframe() is a utility function to create a compact data.frame representation. You don't have to use it. If you do, you can work with scrubr functions with a compact data.frame, making it easier to see the data quickly. If you don't use dframe() we just use your regular data.frame. Problem is with large data.frame's you deal with lots of stuff printed to the screen, making it hard to quickly wrangle data.

Coordinate based cleaning

Remove impossible coordinates (using sample data included in the pkg)

# coord_impossible(dframe(sample_data_1)) # w/o pipe
dframe(sample_data_1) %>% coord_impossible()
#> # A tibble: 1,500 x 5
#>    name             longitude latitude date                       key
#>  * <chr>                <dbl>    <dbl> <dttm>                   <int>
#>  1 Ursus americanus     -79.7     38.4 2015-01-14 16:36:45 1065590124
#>  2 Ursus americanus     -82.4     35.7 2015-01-13 00:25:39 1065588899
#>  3 Ursus americanus     -99.1     23.7 2015-02-20 23:00:00 1098894889
#>  4 Ursus americanus     -72.8     43.9 2015-02-13 16:16:41 1065611122
#>  5 Ursus americanus     -72.3     43.9 2015-03-01 20:20:45 1088908315
#>  6 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 2015-03-29 17:06:54 1088932238
#>  7 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 2015-03-29 17:12:50 1088932273
#>  8 Ursus americanus    -124.      40.1 2015-03-28 23:00:00 1132403409
#>  9 Ursus americanus     -78.3     36.9 2015-03-20 21:11:24 1088923534
#> 10 Ursus americanus     -76.8     35.5 2015-04-05 23:00:00 1088954559
#> # … with 1,490 more rows

Remove incomplete coordinates

# coord_incomplete(dframe(sample_data_1)) # w/o pipe
dframe(sample_data_1) %>% coord_incomplete()
#> # A tibble: 1,306 x 5
#>    name             longitude latitude date                       key
#>  * <chr>                <dbl>    <dbl> <dttm>                   <int>
#>  1 Ursus americanus     -79.7     38.4 2015-01-14 16:36:45 1065590124
#>  2 Ursus americanus     -82.4     35.7 2015-01-13 00:25:39 1065588899
#>  3 Ursus americanus     -99.1     23.7 2015-02-20 23:00:00 1098894889
#>  4 Ursus americanus     -72.8     43.9 2015-02-13 16:16:41 1065611122
#>  5 Ursus americanus     -72.3     43.9 2015-03-01 20:20:45 1088908315
#>  6 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 2015-03-29 17:06:54 1088932238
#>  7 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 2015-03-29 17:12:50 1088932273
#>  8 Ursus americanus    -124.      40.1 2015-03-28 23:00:00 1132403409
#>  9 Ursus americanus     -78.3     36.9 2015-03-20 21:11:24 1088923534
#> 10 Ursus americanus     -76.8     35.5 2015-04-05 23:00:00 1088954559
#> # … with 1,296 more rows

Remove unlikely coordinates (e.g., those at 0,0)

# coord_unlikely(dframe(sample_data_1)) # w/o pipe
dframe(sample_data_1) %>% coord_unlikely()
#> # A tibble: 1,488 x 5
#>    name             longitude latitude date                       key
#>  * <chr>                <dbl>    <dbl> <dttm>                   <int>
#>  1 Ursus americanus     -79.7     38.4 2015-01-14 16:36:45 1065590124
#>  2 Ursus americanus     -82.4     35.7 2015-01-13 00:25:39 1065588899
#>  3 Ursus americanus     -99.1     23.7 2015-02-20 23:00:00 1098894889
#>  4 Ursus americanus     -72.8     43.9 2015-02-13 16:16:41 1065611122
#>  5 Ursus americanus     -72.3     43.9 2015-03-01 20:20:45 1088908315
#>  6 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 2015-03-29 17:06:54 1088932238
#>  7 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 2015-03-29 17:12:50 1088932273
#>  8 Ursus americanus    -124.      40.1 2015-03-28 23:00:00 1132403409
#>  9 Ursus americanus     -78.3     36.9 2015-03-20 21:11:24 1088923534
#> 10 Ursus americanus     -76.8     35.5 2015-04-05 23:00:00 1088954559
#> # … with 1,478 more rows

Do all three

dframe(sample_data_1) %>%
  coord_impossible() %>%
  coord_incomplete() %>%
  coord_unlikely()
#> # A tibble: 1,294 x 5
#>    name             longitude latitude date                       key
#>  * <chr>                <dbl>    <dbl> <dttm>                   <int>
#>  1 Ursus americanus     -79.7     38.4 2015-01-14 16:36:45 1065590124
#>  2 Ursus americanus     -82.4     35.7 2015-01-13 00:25:39 1065588899
#>  3 Ursus americanus     -99.1     23.7 2015-02-20 23:00:00 1098894889
#>  4 Ursus americanus     -72.8     43.9 2015-02-13 16:16:41 1065611122
#>  5 Ursus americanus     -72.3     43.9 2015-03-01 20:20:45 1088908315
#>  6 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 2015-03-29 17:06:54 1088932238
#>  7 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 2015-03-29 17:12:50 1088932273
#>  8 Ursus americanus    -124.      40.1 2015-03-28 23:00:00 1132403409
#>  9 Ursus americanus     -78.3     36.9 2015-03-20 21:11:24 1088923534
#> 10 Ursus americanus     -76.8     35.5 2015-04-05 23:00:00 1088954559
#> # … with 1,284 more rows

Don't drop bad data

dframe(sample_data_1) %>% coord_incomplete(drop = TRUE) %>% NROW
#> [1] 1306
dframe(sample_data_1) %>% coord_incomplete(drop = FALSE) %>% NROW
#> [1] 1500

Deduplicate

smalldf <- sample_data_1[1:20, ]
# create a duplicate record
smalldf <- rbind(smalldf, smalldf[10,])
row.names(smalldf) <- NULL
# make it slightly different
smalldf[21, "key"] <- 1088954555
NROW(smalldf)
#> [1] 21
dp <- dframe(smalldf) %>% dedup()
NROW(dp)
#> [1] 20
attr(dp, "dups")
#> # A tibble: 1 x 5
#>   name             longitude latitude date                       key
#>   <chr>                <dbl>    <dbl> <dttm>                   <dbl>
#> 1 Ursus americanus     -76.8     35.5 2015-04-05 23:00:00 1088954555

Dates

Standardize/convert dates

# date_standardize(dframe(df), "%d%b%Y") # w/o pipe
dframe(sample_data_1) %>% date_standardize("%d%b%Y")
#> # A tibble: 1,500 x 5
#>    name             longitude latitude date             key
#>    <chr>                <dbl>    <dbl> <chr>          <int>
#>  1 Ursus americanus     -79.7     38.4 14Jan2015 1065590124
#>  2 Ursus americanus     -82.4     35.7 13Jan2015 1065588899
#>  3 Ursus americanus     -99.1     23.7 20Feb2015 1098894889
#>  4 Ursus americanus     -72.8     43.9 13Feb2015 1065611122
#>  5 Ursus americanus     -72.3     43.9 01Mar2015 1088908315
#>  6 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 29Mar2015 1088932238
#>  7 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 29Mar2015 1088932273
#>  8 Ursus americanus    -124.      40.1 28Mar2015 1132403409
#>  9 Ursus americanus     -78.3     36.9 20Mar2015 1088923534
#> 10 Ursus americanus     -76.8     35.5 05Apr2015 1088954559
#> # … with 1,490 more rows

Drop records without dates

NROW(sample_data_1)
#> [1] 1500
NROW(dframe(sample_data_1) %>% date_missing())
#> [1] 1498

Create date field from other fields

dframe(sample_data_2) %>% date_create(year, month, day)
#> # A tibble: 1,500 x 8
#>    name             longitude latitude        key year  month day   date      
#>    <chr>                <dbl>    <dbl>      <int> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr>     
#>  1 Ursus americanus     -79.7     38.4 1065590124 2015  01    14    2015-01-14
#>  2 Ursus americanus     -82.4     35.7 1065588899 2015  01    13    2015-01-13
#>  3 Ursus americanus     -99.1     23.7 1098894889 2015  02    20    2015-02-20
#>  4 Ursus americanus     -72.8     43.9 1065611122 2015  02    13    2015-02-13
#>  5 Ursus americanus     -72.3     43.9 1088908315 2015  03    01    2015-03-01
#>  6 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 1088932238 2015  03    29    2015-03-29
#>  7 Ursus americanus    -109.      32.7 1088932273 2015  03    29    2015-03-29
#>  8 Ursus americanus    -124.      40.1 1132403409 2015  03    28    2015-03-28
#>  9 Ursus americanus     -78.3     36.9 1088923534 2015  03    20    2015-03-20
#> 10 Ursus americanus     -76.8     35.5 1088954559 2015  04    05    2015-04-05
#> # … with 1,490 more rows

Taxonomy

Only one function exists for taxonomy cleaning, it removes rows where taxonomic names are either missing an epithet, or are missing altogether (NA or NULL).

Get some data from GBIF, via rgbif

if (requireNamespace("rgbif", quietly = TRUE)) {
  library("rgbif")
  res <- occ_data(limit = 500)$data
} else {
  res <- sample_data_3
}

Clean names

NROW(res)
#> [1] 500
df <- dframe(res) %>% tax_no_epithet(name = "name")
NROW(df)
#> [1] 481
attr(df, "name_var")
#> [1] "name"
attr(df, "tax_no_epithet")
#> # A tibble: 19 x 107
#>    key   scientificName decimalLatitude decimalLongitude issues datasetKey
#>    <chr> <chr>                    <dbl>            <dbl> <chr>  <chr>     
#>  1 1637… Aves                     -34.5           136.   ""     40c0f670-…
#>  2 1989… Psychidae                 25.0           122.   "txma… e0b8cb67-…
#>  3 2542… Agaricales                55.9            12.3  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#>  4 2542… Corticiaceae              56.5             9.84 ""     84d26682-…
#>  5 2542… Corticiaceae              55.1            10.5  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#>  6 2542… Fungi                     56.5             9.84 "cdro… 84d26682-…
#>  7 2542… Agaricales                55.9            12.5  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#>  8 2542… Polyporales               55.9            12.3  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#>  9 2542… Trichiaceae               56.7             9.87 "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 10 2542… Xylariales                56.2            10.6  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 11 2542… Corticiaceae              56.5             9.84 "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 12 2542… Hymenochaetac…            56.5             9.84 "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 13 2542… Polyporales               56.0            12.3  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 14 2542… Fungi                     55.8            12.5  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 15 2542… Fungi                     55.9            12.4  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 16 2542… Fungi                     55.9            12.3  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 17 2542… Fungi                     55.9            12.3  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 18 2542… Hyaloscyphace…            54.9            11.5  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> 19 2542… Physarales                54.9            11.5  "cdro… 84d26682-…
#> # … with 101 more variables: publishingOrgKey <chr>, installationKey <chr>,
#> #   publishingCountry <chr>, protocol <chr>, lastCrawled <chr>,
#> #   lastParsed <chr>, crawlId <int>, basisOfRecord <chr>,
#> #   individualCount <int>, taxonKey <int>, kingdomKey <int>, phylumKey <int>,
#> #   classKey <int>, orderKey <int>, familyKey <int>, genusKey <int>,
#> #   speciesKey <int>, acceptedTaxonKey <int>, acceptedScientificName <chr>,
#> #   kingdom <chr>, phylum <chr>, order <chr>, family <chr>, genus <chr>,
#> #   species <chr>, genericName <chr>, specificEpithet <chr>, taxonRank <chr>,
#> #   taxonomicStatus <chr>, year <int>, month <int>, eventDate <chr>,
#> #   modified <chr>, lastInterpreted <chr>, references <chr>, license <chr>,
#> #   class <chr>, countryCode <chr>, recordedByIDs <list>,
#> #   identifiedByIDs <list>, rightsHolder <chr>, identifier <chr>,
#> #   nomenclaturalCode <chr>, dynamicProperties <chr>, language <chr>,
#> #   collectionCode <chr>, gbifID <chr>, occurrenceID <chr>, type <chr>,
#> #   taxonRemarks <chr>, preparations <chr>, recordedBy <chr>,
#> #   catalogNumber <chr>, vernacularName <chr>, institutionCode <chr>,
#> #   previousIdentifications <chr>, ownerInstitutionCode <chr>,
#> #   occurrenceRemarks <chr>, bibliographicCitation <chr>, accessRights <chr>,
#> #   higherClassification <chr>, dateIdentified <chr>, elevation <dbl>,
#> #   elevationAccuracy <dbl>, stateProvince <chr>, day <int>,
#> #   geodeticDatum <chr>, country <chr>, recordNumber <chr>, municipality <chr>,
#> #   locality <chr>, datasetName <chr>, identifiedBy <chr>, eventID <chr>,
#> #   occurrenceStatus <chr>, locationRemarks <chr>, dataGeneralizations <chr>,
#> #   taxonConceptID <chr>, coordinateUncertaintyInMeters <dbl>, lifeStage <chr>,
#> #   infraspecificEpithet <chr>, associatedReferences <chr>, county <chr>,
#> #   verbatimElevation <chr>, fieldNumber <chr>, continent <chr>,
#> #   identificationVerificationStatus <chr>, taxonID <chr>, eventTime <chr>,
#> #   behavior <chr>, informationWithheld <chr>, endDayOfYear <chr>,
#> #   originalNameUsage <chr>, startDayOfYear <chr>, datasetID <chr>,
#> #   habitat <chr>, associatedTaxa <chr>, locationAccordingTo <chr>,
#> #   locationID <chr>, verbatimLocality <chr>, …


ropenscilabs/scrubr documentation built on Sept. 12, 2022, 4:10 p.m.