Tb_grasshopper: Operative Environmental Temperature of a Grasshopper

In trenchproject/TrenchR: Tools for Microclimate and Biophysical Ecology

Operative Environmental Temperature of a Grasshopper

Description

The function estimates body temperatures (C, operative environmental temperatures) of a grasshopper based on \insertCiteLactin1998;textualTrenchR. Part of the model is based on \insertCiteSwinbank1963;textualTrenchR, following \insertCiteGates1962;textualTrenchR in \insertCiteKingsolver1983;textualTrenchR.

Usage

Tb_grasshopper(
  T_a,
  T_g,
  u,
  S,
  K_t,
  psi,
  l,
  Acondfact = 0.25,
  z = 0.001,
  abs = 0.7,
  r_g = 0.3
)

Arguments

T_a	numeric air temperature (C).
T_g	numeric surface temperature (C). \insertCiteKingsolver1983;textualTrenchR assumes T_g - T_a = 8.4.
u	numeric wind speed (m s-1).
S	numeric total (direct + diffuse) solar radiation flux (W m-2).
K_t	numeric clearness index (dimensionless), which is the ratio of the global solar radiation measured at the surface to the total solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere.
psi	numeric solar zenith angle (degrees).
l	numeric grasshopper length (m).
Acondfact	numeric the proportion of the grasshopper surface area that is in contact with the ground.
z	numeric distance from the ground to the grasshopper (m).
abs	numeric absorptivity of the grasshopper to solar radiation (proportion). See \insertCiteAnderson1979;textualTrenchR.
r_g	numeric substrate solar reflectivity (proportion). See \insertCiteKingsolver1983;textualTrenchR.

Details

Total radiative flux is calculated as thermal radiative heat flux plus convective heat flux, following \insertCiteKingsolver1983;textualTrenchR, with the \insertCiteErbs1982;textualTrenchR model from \insertCiteWong2001;textualTrenchR.

Energy balance is based on \insertCiteKingsolver1983;textualTrenchR.

Radiation is calculated without area dependence \insertCiteAnderson1979TrenchR.

The body of a grasshopper female is approximated by a rotational ellipsoid with half the body length as the semi-major axis \insertCiteSamietz2005TrenchR.

The diffuse fraction is corrected following \insertCiteOlyphant1984;textualTrenchR.

Value

numeric predicted body (operative environmental) temperature (C).

References

\insertAllCited

See Also

Other biophysical models: Grashof_number_Gates(), Grashof_number(), Nusselt_from_Grashof(), Nusselt_from_Reynolds(), Nusselt_number(), Prandtl_number(), Qconduction_animal(), Qconduction_substrate(), Qconvection(), Qemitted_thermal_radiation(), Qevaporation(), Qmetabolism_from_mass_temp(), Qmetabolism_from_mass(), Qnet_Gates(), Qradiation_absorbed(), Qthermal_radiation_absorbed(), Reynolds_number(), T_sky(), Tb_CampbellNorman(), Tb_Gates2(), Tb_Gates(), Tb_butterfly(), Tb_limpetBH(), Tb_limpet(), Tb_lizard_Fei(), Tb_lizard(), Tb_mussel(), Tb_salamander_humid(), Tb_snail(), Tbed_mussel(), Tsoil(), actual_vapor_pressure(), boundary_layer_resistance(), external_resistance_to_water_vapor_transfer(), free_or_forced_convection(), heat_transfer_coefficient_approximation(), heat_transfer_coefficient_simple(), heat_transfer_coefficient(), saturation_vapor_pressure(), saturation_water_vapor_pressure()

Examples

  Tb_grasshopper(T_a       = 25, 
                 T_g       = 25,      
                 u         = 0.4, 
                 S         = 400, 
                 K_t       = 0.7, 
                 psi       = 30, 
                 l         = 0.02, 
                 Acondfact = 0.25, 
                 z         = 0.001, 
                 abs       = 0.7, 
                 r_g       = 0.3)

trenchproject/TrenchR documentation built on Oct. 10, 2023, 10:12 p.m.