Description Usage Format Author(s) References Examples
Cone spring ecosystem (Tilly, 1968) adapted for input - output analysis by Williams & Crouthamel (1972) in Szyrmer & Ulanowicz (1987, Fig. 1, p. 129) and Ulanowicz & Norden (1990, Fig. 1, p. 435).
This is example 1a from Latham (2006).
The food web comprises 5 functional compartments:
Plants
Detritus
Bacteria
Detritus feeders
Carnivores
and two export compartments
usable export
dissipation
and one import compartment
Inflows
1 |
matrix with Tij values, where element (i,j) denotes flow from compartment j to i
rownames and columnames are the components.
Karline Soetaert <karline.soetaert@nioz.nl>
Latham LG. 2006. Network flow analysis algorithms. Ecological Modelling 192: 586-600.
Szyrmer, J., & Ulanowicz, R. E. (1987). Total flows in ecosystems. Ecol. Model. 35, 123..136.
Tilly, L. J. (1968). The structure and dynamics of Cone Spring. Ecol. Monogr. 38, 169..197.
Ulanowicz, R. E., & Norden, J. S. (1990). Symmetrical overhead in flow networks. Int. J. Systems Sci. 21, 429..437.
Williams, M., & Crouthamel, D. (1972). Systems analysis of Cone Spring. Unpublished manuscript. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 | GenInd(Tij = Conesprings, Import = "Inflows",
Export = c("Export", "Dissipation"))
AscInd(Tij = Conesprings, Import = "Inflows",
Export = c("Export", "Dissipation"),
Dissipation = "Dissipation")
UncInd(Tij = Conesprings,Import="Inflows",
Export = c("Export", "Dissipation"))
EffInd(Tij = Conesprings, Import = "Inflows",
Export = c("Export", "Dissipation"))
EnvInd(Tij = Conesprings, Import = "Inflows",
Export = c("Export", "Dissipation"),
full = TRUE)
|
Loading required package: MASS
$N
[1] 5
$T..
[1] 42445
$TST
[1] 30626
$Lint
[1] 8
$Ltot
[1] 18
$LD
[1] 3.6
$C
[1] 0.4
$Tijbar
[1] 2358.056
$TSTbar
[1] 6125.2
$Cbar
[1] 0.3633333
Ascendency Overhead Capacity ACratio
Total 56725.486 79139.246 135864.73 0.4175144
Internal 29331.979 29832.464 59164.44 0.4957704
Import 19147.847 6221.751 25369.60 0.7547556
Export 8245.659 43085.031 51330.69 0.1606380
Dissipation 7193.894 35274.219 42468.11 0.1693952
$AMI
[1] 1.336447
$HR
[1] 2.195113
$DR
[1] 0.8586661
$RU
[1] 0.6088283
$Hmax
[1] 14.03677
$Hc
[1] 8.159864
$Hsys
[1] 5.876911
$CE
[1] 0.5813204
$CZ
[1] 1.27582
$FZ
[1] 2.627896
$NZ
[1] 2.05977
$RZ
[1] 1.614468
$NAG
[1] 2.591251
$HP
[1] 1.87498
$BC
[1] 3.979433
$ID
[1] 0.9126925
$CVN
[1] 1.085862
$CVG
[1] 2.035971
$U
Plants Detritus Bacteria Det.Feeders Carnivores
Plants 0.6893902 -0.4016139 0.12788311 0.05720047 -0.01471836
Detritus 0.3911564 0.5057594 -0.16104545 -0.07203357 0.01853509
Bacteria 0.2661538 0.3441329 0.89002791 -0.06148210 0.01454691
Det.Feeders 0.3305133 0.4273487 -0.10885525 0.80444461 -0.11863585
Carnivores 0.1539643 0.1990735 -0.03616717 0.83695705 0.87299832
$N1
Plants Detritus Bacteria Det.Feeders Carnivores
Plants 1.00000000 -1.110223e-16 -2.775558e-16 8.326673e-17 1.665335e-16
Detritus 0.95822091 1.206704e+00 3.736137e-01 1.857637e-01 5.446477e-01
Bacteria 0.43434119 5.469735e-01 1.169351e+00 8.420272e-02 2.468772e-01
Det.Feeders 0.19893744 2.505254e-01 9.197564e-02 1.038567e+00 1.130750e-01
Carnivores 0.03087536 3.888188e-02 1.427474e-02 1.611869e-01 1.017549e+00
$G
Plants Detritus Bacteria Det.Feeders Carnivores
Plants 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.0000000
Detritus 0.7940808 0.0000000 0.30739673 0.08389262 0.4513514
Bacteria 0.0000000 0.4532788 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.0000000
Det.Feeders 0.0000000 0.2010799 0.01440922 0.00000000 0.0000000
Carnivores 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.00000000 0.15520134 0.0000000
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