nlin_causality.test: A non linear Granger causality test

In NlinTS: Models for Non Linear Causality Detection in Time Series

A non linear Granger causality test

Description

A non linear Granger causality test

Usage

nlin_causality.test(
  ts1,
  ts2,
  lag,
  LayersUniv,
  LayersBiv,
  iters = 50,
  learningRate = 0.01,
  algo = "sgd",
  batch_size = 10,
  bias = TRUE,
  seed = 0,
  activationsUniv = vector(),
  activationsBiv = vector()
)

Arguments

ts1	Numerical series.
ts2	Numerical series.
lag	The lag parameter
LayersUniv	Integer vector that contains the size of hidden layers of the univariate model. The length of this vector is the number of hidden layers, and the i-th element is the number of neurons in the i-th hidden layer.
LayersBiv	Integer vector that contains the size of hidden layers of the bivariate model. The length of this vector is the number of hidden layers, and the i-th element is the number of neurons in the i-th hidden layer.
iters	The number of iterations.
learningRate	The default learning rate is set to 0.1; when utilizing the Adam optimizer, this value serves as the initial learning rate.
algo	String argument, Optimizer: Choose between sgd (Stochastic Gradient Descent) and adam. The default is sgd. While sgd uses a fixed learning rate, adam provides adaptive learning rates by tracking the first and second moments of the gradients.
batch_size	An integer specifying the number of samples processed before the model's internal parameters are updated during backpropagation.
bias	Logical argument for the option of using the bias in the networks.
seed	Integer value for the random seed used in the random generation of the weights of the network (a value = 0 will use the clock as random generator seed).
activationsUniv	String vector for the activations functions to use (in choice ["sigmoid", "relu", "tanh"]) for the univariate model. The length of this vector is the number of hidden layers plus one (the output layer). By default, the relu activation function is used in hidden layers, and the sigmoid in the last layer.
activationsBiv	String vector for the activations functions to use (in choice ["sigmoid", "relu", "tanh"]) for the bivariate model. The length of this vector is the number of hidden layers plus one (the output layer). By default, the relu activation function is used in hidden layers, and the sigmoid in the last layer.

Details

A non-linear test of causality using artificial neural networks. Two MLP artificial neural networks are evaluated to perform the test, one using just the target time series (ts1), and the second using both time series. The null hypothesis of this test is that the second time series does not cause the first one.

Value

gci: the Granger causality index.

Ftest: the statistic of the test.

pvalue: the p-value of the test.

summary (): shows the test results.

Examples

library (timeSeries) # to extract time series
library (NlinTS)
data = LPP2005REC
model = nlin_causality.test (data[,1], data[,2], 2, c(2), c(4), 50, 0.01, "sgd", 30, TRUE, 5)
model$summary ()

NlinTS documentation built on March 23, 2026, 5:07 p.m.