technology: Technology Adoption
In adoption: Modelling Adoption Process in Marketing

Description Usage Format Details Note Source References Examples

Technology adoption by households in the United States, available from https://ourworldindata.org/technology-adoption, published by Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser.

NOTE THAT THE DATA ARE PUBLISHED UNDER THE CC-BY LICENCE (2019), https://ourworldindata.org/technology-adoption, WHOSE POLICY MUST BE STRICTLY FOLLOWED, SEE ALSO THE NOTE BELOW.

1	data(technology)

The data is a list of data frames, each data frame contains the percentage of adoption and the year.

The list elements are

Automatic.transmission: Automatic transmission vehicle in percentage of car output.
Automobile: Percentage of US households that own an automobile.
Cable.TV: Percentage of US households with cable TV.
Cellular.phone: Percentage of US households with a cellular phone.
Central.heating: Percentage of American dwelling units with central heating.
Colour.TV: Percentage of US households with colour TV.
Computer: Computer: Adoption rates of computers by US households.
Dishwasher: Adoption rates of dishwashers in US households.
Disk.brakes: Disk brakes in the percentage of car output.
Dryer: Adoption rates of dryers in US households.
Ebook.reader: Percentage of US adults who own an Ebook reader.
Electric.Range: Adoption rates of electric ranges in US households.
Electric.power: Percentage of US households with electric power.
Electronic.ignition: Cars with electronic ignition in percentage of car output.
Flush.toilet: American households with access to a flush toilet.
Freezer: Diffusion rates of freezers in the US economy.
Home.air.conditioning: Home air conditioning: Percentage of US households with home air conditioning.
Household.refrigerator: Percentage of US households that own a refrigerator.
Internet: Percentage of US households with access to the internet.
Iron: Diffusion rates of ironers in the US economy.
Landline: Percentage of US households with a landline.
Microcomputer: Percentage of US households with microcomputers.
Microwave: Diffusion rates of microwaves in the US economy.
Nox.pollution.controls: Percentage of boilers adopting Nox pollution control technologies.
Podcasting: Percentage of Americans aged 12 or older who have listened to a podcast (ever)
Power.steering: Power steering in vehicles in percentage of car output
RTGS.adoption: Adoption rate of RTGS technology.
Radial.tires: Cars with radial tires in percentage of car output.
Radio: Percentage of US households that own a radio.
Refrigerator: Diffusion rates of refrigerators in the US economy.
Running.water: Percentage of households with running water
Shipping.container.port: (Shipping container port infrastructure) Percentage adoption of port infrastructure.
Smartphone.usage: Percentage of US adults who own a smartphone.
Social.media.usage: Percentage of US adults who use at least one social media site.
Stove: Percentage of US households with a stove.
Tablet: Percentage of US adults who own a tablet.
Television: Adoption rates of TV by US households.
Vacuum: Diffusion rates of vacuums in the US economy.
Videocassette.recorder: Adoption rates of videocassette recorders by US households.
Washer: Diffusion rates of washers in the US economy.
Washing.machine: Percentage of US households that own a washing machine.
Water.Heater: Diffusion rates of water heaters in the US economy.

For citing any of the data sets, usually two sources have to be given, namely https://ourworldindata.org/technology-adoption and the original source, see https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/technology-adoption-by-households-in-the-united-states?time=1860..2016&country=Automatic%20transmission+Automobile+Cable%20TV+Cellular%20phone+Central%20heating+Colour%20TV+Computer+Dishwasher+Disk%20brakes+Dryer+Ebook%20reader+Electric%20Range+Electric%20power+Electronic%20ignition+Flush%20toilet+Freezer+Home%20air%20conditioning+Household%20refrigerator+Internet+Iron+Landline+Microcomputer+Microwave+Nox%20pollution%20controls%20(boilers)+Podcasting+Power%20steering+RTGS%20adoption+Radial%20tires+Radio+Refrigerator+Running%20water+Shipping%20container%20port%20infrastructure+Smartphone%20usage+Social%20media%20usage+Stove+Tablet+Television+Vacuum+Videocassette%20recorder+Washer+Washing%20machine+Water%20Heater . See also the general instructions at https://ourworldindata.org.

https://ourworldindata.org/technology-adoption

General

\adoptionpaper
Ritchie, H., Roser, M. (2019) Technology Adoption https://ourworldindata.org/technology-adoption. Accessed 5 March 2019.
Roser, M., Ortiz-Ospina, E. (2019) Global Rise of Education. OurWorldInData.org. https://ourworldindata.org/technology-adoption

According to the licence, the references given by Max Roser and co-workers are repeated and completed where possible:

Bech, M.L., Hobijn, B. (2006), Technology diffusion within central banking: the case of real-time gross settlement. Staff report. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 260.
Bowden, S., Offer, A. (1994) Household appliances and the use of time: the United States and Britain since the 1920s. Economic History Review, 47 725–748.
Comin, D., Hobijn, B. (2004) Neoclassical Growth and the Adoption of Technologies. Working paper 10733. National Bureau of Economic Research.
Dediu, H. (2004)
Felton, N NTY (2014)
Greenwood, J., Seshadri, A., Yorukoglu (2005) Engines of Liberation The Review of Economic Studies, 72, 109–133.
Gruebler, A. (1990) The Rise and Fall of Infrastructures: Dynamics of Evolution and Technological Change in Transport; Physica-Verlag Heidelberg.
Isard (1942) A Neglected Cycle: The transport-building cycle. The Review of Economics and Statistics 24, 149–158.
Lebergott, S. (1976) The American Economy: Income, Wealth and Want; Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Lebergott, S. (1993) Pursuring Happiness: American Consumers in the Twentieth Century. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Nielsen Television Audience (2008)

See also Nielsen Television Audience (2010–2011) https://robertoigarza.files.wordpress.com/2008/10/rep-television-audience-2010-11-nielsen-2011.pdf
Pew Research Centre https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/datasets/
Popp, D. (2010) Exploring links between innovation and diffusion: adoption of NO x control technologies at US coal-fired power plants. Environmental and Resource Economics, 45, 319–352.
Popp, D., Hafner, T., Johnstone, N. (2007) Policy vs. Consumer Pressure: Innovation and Diffusion of Alternative Bleaching Technologies in the Pulp Industry. Working Paper. National Bureau of Economic Research 13439.
Rua, G. (2013) Fixed costs, network effects, and the diffusion of container shipping. Federal Reserve Board. https://cpb-us-west-2-juc1ugur1qwqqqo4.stackpathdns.com/sites.udel.edu/dist/2/425/files/2013/10/GRua_Containers_103113-1ymozt3.pdf
The New York Times (2008) How Americans spend their money. https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2008/02/10/opinion/10op.graphic.ready.html
US Census Bureau's data (1992–2011) https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/data/datasets.2010.html

data(technology)
D <- technology$Microwave
indviduals <- 500
if (interactive())
  adoption(startwith=1, cumdata=round(indviduals * D$adoption / 100),
           dt=1, Tstart=D$year[1])