# lsm_l_lpi: LPI (landscape level) In landscapemetrics: Landscape Metrics for Categorical Map Patterns

## Description

Largest patch index (Area and Edge metric)

## Usage

 1 lsm_l_lpi(landscape, directions = 8) 

## Arguments

 landscape Raster* Layer, Stack, Brick, SpatRaster (terra), stars, or a list of rasterLayers. directions The number of directions in which patches should be connected: 4 (rook's case) or 8 (queen's case).

## Details

LPI = \frac{\max (a_{ij})} {A} * 100

where max(a_{ij}) is the area of the patch in square meters and A is the total landscape area in square meters.

The largest patch index is an 'Area and edge metric'. It is the percentage of the landscape covered by the largest patch in the landscape. It is a simple measure of dominance.

Percentage

0 < LPI <= 100

#### Behaviour

Approaches LPI = 0 when the largest patch is becoming small and equals LPI = 100 when only one patch is present

tibble

## References

McGarigal, K., SA Cushman, and E Ene. 2012. FRAGSTATS v4: Spatial Pattern Analysis Program for Categorical and Continuous Maps. Computer software program produced by the authors at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Available at the following web site: http://www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.html

## See Also

lsm_p_area, lsm_l_ta,
lsm_c_lpi

## Examples

 1 lsm_l_lpi(landscape) 

landscapemetrics documentation built on Sept. 5, 2021, 5:20 p.m.