imputation: ~ Function: imputation ~
In longitudinalData: Longitudinal Data
Description
Usage
Arguments
Details
Value
Author
References
See Also
Examples
Description
imputation is a function that offer different methods to impute
missing value of a LongData (or a matrix).
Usage
1
imputation(traj,method="copyMean",lowerBound="globalMin",upperBound="globalMax")
Arguments
traj
[LongData] or [matrix] : trajectories to impute.
method
[character]: Name of the imputation method (see detail)
lowerBound
[character] or [numeric]: fixes the
smallest value that an imputed value can take. If a single value is
given, it is duplicate for all the column. The special value 'min'
means that the lower bound will be the smallest value of the
column. The special value 'globalMin' means that the lower
bound will be the overall smallest value (of each variable if there
is several variable-trajectories). The special value 'NA' can
be used to impute without using a lower bound.
upperBound
[character] or [numeric]: fixes the
biggest value that an imputed value can take. If a single value is
given, it is duplicate for all the column. The special value 'max'
means that the upper bound will be the biggest value of the column.
The special value 'globalMax' means that the upper
bound will be the overall biggest value (of each variable if there
is several variable-trajectories). The special value 'NA' can
be used to impute without using an upper bound.
Details
imputation is a function that impute
missing value of a LongData or a matrix.
Several imputation methods are available. A brief description
follows. For a fully detailled description, see [3].
Illustrating examples showing strenghs and weakness of methods are presented section "examples".
For each method, the imputation has to deal with monotone missing
value (at start and at end of the trajectories) and intermitant (in
the middle). Here is a brief description of each methods.
'linearInterpol.locf' (linear interpolation, locf)
Intermitant: values imediatly surounding the missing are join by a line.
Monotone: imputed by 'locf' or 'nocb'.
'linearInterpol.global' (linear interpolation, global slope)
Intermitant: values imediatly surounding the missing are join by a line.
Monotone: the line joining the first and last non-missing value
is considered (this line is the everage progression of the actual
individual trajectoire). Missing-value at start and at end are chosen on
this line.
'linearInterpol.local' (linear interpolation, global slope)
Intermitant: values imediatly surounding the missing are join by a line.
Monotone at start: the line joining the first and second non-missing value
is considered. Missing-value at start are chose on this line.
Monotone at end: the line joining the last and penultimate non-missing value
is considered. Missing-value at end are chosen on this line.
'linearInterpol.bisector' (linear interpolation, bisector)
Intermitant: values imediatly surounding the missing are join by a line.
Monotone: linearInterpol.global is not
sensitive to local variation, linearInterpol.local might be too much sensitive to
abnormal value. linearInterpol.bisector offer a medium solution by considering the
bissectrice of Global and Local solution. Point are chosen on
the bissectrices.
'copyMean.locf' (copy mean, locf)
this method impute in two stages. First, it use 'linearInterpol.locf'. Then it add to each imputed value a variation that make the imputed value
follow the shape of the average trajectory. For more details, see [3] and examples' section.
'copyMean.global' (copy mean, global slope)
this method impute in two stages. First, it use 'linearInterpol.global'. Then it add to each imputed value a variation that make the imputed value
follow the shape of the average trajectory. For more details, see [3] and examples' section.
'copyMean.local' (copy mean, local slope)
this method impute in two stages. First, it use 'linearInterpol.local'. Then it add to each imputed value a variation that make the imputed value
follow the shape of the average trajectory. For more details, see [3] and examples' section.
'copyMean.bisector' (copy mean, bisector)
this method impute in two stages. First, it use 'linearInterpol.bisector'. Then it add to each imputed value a variation that make the imputed value
follow the shape of the average trajectory. For more details, see [3] and examples' section.
locf (Last Occurence Carried Forward)
THIS METHOD HAS BEEN PROUVEN TO NOT BE EFFICIANT SEVERAL TIME BY VARIOUS AUTHOR, we strongly recommand to not use it !
Intermitant and monotone at end: the previous non-missing value is
dipplicated forward.
Monotone at start: the first non-missing value is
dupplicated backward (nocb).
nocb (Next Occurence Carried Backward)
THIS METHOD HAS BEEN PROUVEN TO NOT BE EFFICIANT SEVERAL TIME BY VARIOUS AUTHOR, we strongly recommand to not use it !
Intermitant and monotone at start: the next non-missing value is
dipplicated backward.
Monotone at end: the last non-missing value is dupplicated forward (locf).
trajMean missing are imputed by the mean of the trajectory.
trajMedian missing are imputed by the median of the trajectory.
trajHotDeck each missing is imputed by one non-missing (randomly choosen) value of the trajectory.
crossMean missing value at time t are imputed by the mean of all value present at time t.
crossMedian missing value at time t are imputed by the median of all value present at time t.
crossHotDeck each missing value at time t is imputed by one non-missing (randomly choosen) value present at time t.
Value
A LongData or a matrix with no missing values.
Author
Christophe Genolini
1. UMR U1027, INSERM, Universit<e9> Paul Sabatier / Toulouse III / France
2. CeRSME, EA 2931, UFR STAPS, Universit<e9> de Paris Ouest-Nanterre-La D<e9>fense / Nanterre / France
References
[1] C. Genolini and B. Falissard
"KmL: k-means for longitudinal data"
Computational Statistics, vol 25(2), pp 317-328, 2010
[2] C. Genolini and B. Falissard
"KmL: A package to cluster longitudinal data"
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 104, pp e112-121,
2011
[3] Christophe Genolini, Ren<e9> <c9>cochard and H<e9>l<e8>ne Jacqmin-Gadda
"Copy Mean: A New Method to Impute Intermittent Missing Values in Longitudinal Studies"
Open Journal of Statistics, vol 3(26),2013
See Also
LongData, Partition, qualityCriterion
Examples
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##################
### Preparation of the data
par(ask=TRUE)
timeV <- 1:14
matMissing <- matrix(
c(NA ,NA ,NA ,18 ,22 ,NA ,NA ,NA ,NA , 24 , 22 , NA , NA , NA,
24 ,21 ,24 ,26 ,27 ,32 ,30 ,22 ,26 , 26 , 28 , 24 , 23 , 21,
14 ,13 , 10 , 8 , 7 ,18 ,16 , 8 ,12 , 6 , 10 , 10 , 9 , 7,
3 ,1 , 1 , 1 , 3,9 , 7 , -1 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 1 , 0 , -2
),4,byrow=TRUE
)
matplot(t(matMissing),col=c(2,1,1,1),lty=1,type="l",lwd=c(3,1,1,1),pch=16,
xlab="Black=trajectories; Green=mean trajectory\nRed=trajectory to impute",
ylab="",main="Four trajectories")
moy <- apply(matMissing,2,mean,na.rm=TRUE)
lines(moy,col=3,lwd=3)
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
# Illustration of the different imputing method #
# The best are at end !!! #
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
##################
### Methods using cross sectionnal information (cross-methods)
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
mat2 <- matrix(c(
NA, 9, 8, 8, 7, 6,NA,
7, 6,NA,NA,NA, 4,5,
3, 4, 3,NA,NA, 2,3,
NA,NA, 1,NA,NA, 1,1),4,7,byrow=TRUE)
### crossMean
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"crossMean")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
lty=1,col=1,main="crossMean")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### crossMedian
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"crossMedian")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
lty=1,col=1,main="crossMedian")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### crossHotDeck
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"crossHotDeck")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
lty=1,col=1,main="crossHotDeck")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
##################
### Methods using trajectory information (traj-methods)
par(mfrow=c(2,3))
mat1 <- matrix(c(NA,NA,3,8,NA,NA,2,2,1,NA,NA),1,11)
### locf
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"locf")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="locf\n DO NOT USE, BAD METHOD !!!")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### nocb
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"nocb")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="nocb\n DO NOT USE, BAD METHOD !!!")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### trajMean
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"trajMean")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="trajMean")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### trajMedian
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"trajMedian")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="trajMedian")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### trajHotDeck
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"trajHotDeck")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="trajHotDeck 1")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### spline
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"spline",lowerBound=NA,upperBound=NA)),
type="l",ylim=c(-10,10),main="spline")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
##################
### Different linear interpolation
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
### linearInterpol.locf
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"linearInterpol.locf",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="linearInterpol.locf")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### linearInterpol.global
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"linearInterpol.global",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="linearInterpol.global")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### linearInterpol.local
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"linearInterpol.local",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="linearInterpol.local")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### linearInterpol.bisector
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"linearInterpol.bisector",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="linearInterpol.bisector")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
##################
### Copy mean
mat3 <- matrix(c(
NA, 9, 8, 8, 7, 6,NA,
7, 6,NA,NA,NA, 4,5,
3, 4, 3,NA,NA, 2,3,
NA,NA, 1,NA,NA, 1,1),4,7,byrow=TRUE)
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
### copyMean.locf
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"copyMean.locf",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="copyMean.locf")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### copyMean.global
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"copyMean.global",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="copyMean.global")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### copyMean.local
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"copyMean.local",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="copyMean.local")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### copyMean.bisector
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"copyMean.bisector",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="copyMean.bisector")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### crossMean
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="crossMean")
matplot(t(matImp),col=c(2,1,1,1),lty=c(2,1,1,1),type="l",lwd=c(2,1,1,1),pch=16,
xlab="Dotted red=imputed trajectory\nFull red=trajectory to impute",
ylab="",main="Method 'crossMean'")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### crossMedian
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="crossMedian")
matplot(t(matImp),col=c(2,1,1,1),lty=c(2,1,1,1),type="l",lwd=c(2,1,1,1),pch=16,
xlab="Dotted red=imputed trajectory\nFull red=trajectory to impute",ylab="",
main="Method 'crossMedian'")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### crossHotDeck
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="crossHotDeck")
matplot(t(matImp),col=c(2,1,1,1),lty=c(2,1,1,1),type="l",lwd=c(2,1,1,1),pch=16,
xlab="Dotted red=imputed trajectory\nFull red=trajectory to impute",ylab="",
main="Method 'crossHotDeck'")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
##################
### Method using trajectory
par(mfrow=c(2,3))
### trajMean
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="trajMean")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="nocb")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### trajMedian
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="trajMedian")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="nocb")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### trajHotDeck
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="trajHotDeck")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="nocb")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### locf
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="locf")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="locf")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### nocb
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="nocb")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="nocb")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
### linearInterpol.locf
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="linearInterpol.locf")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### linearInterpol.local
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="linearInterpol.local")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### linearInterpol.global
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="linearInterpol.global")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### linearInterpol.bisector
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="linearInterpol.bisector")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
### copyMean.locf
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="copyMean.locf")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
lines(timeV,moy,col=3,type="o",lwd=3)
### copyMean.local
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="copyMean.local")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
lines(timeV,moy,col=3,type="o",lwd=3)
### copyMean.global
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="copyMean.global")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
lines(timeV,moy,col=3,type="o",lwd=3)
### copyMean.bisector
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="copyMean.bisector")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
lines(timeV,moy,col=3,type="o",lwd=3)
par(ask=FALSE)
Example output
Loading required package: clv
Loading required package: cluster
Loading required package: class
Loading required package: rgl
Loading required package: misc3d
Warning messages:
1: In rgl.init(initValue, onlyNULL) : RGL: unable to open X11 display
2: 'rgl_init' failed, running with rgl.useNULL = TRUE
3: .onUnload failed in unloadNamespace() for 'rgl', details:
call: fun(...)
error: object 'rgl_quit' not found
longitudinalData documentation built on May 2, 2019, 8:53 a.m.
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Description Usage Arguments Details Value Author References See Also Examples
Description
imputation is a function that offer different methods to impute
missing value of a LongData (or a matrix).
Usage
1 | imputation(traj,method="copyMean",lowerBound="globalMin",upperBound="globalMax")
|
Arguments
traj |
|
method |
|
lowerBound |
|
upperBound |
|
Details
imputation is a function that impute
missing value of a LongData or a matrix.
Several imputation methods are available. A brief description
follows. For a fully detailled description, see [3].
Illustrating examples showing strenghs and weakness of methods are presented section "examples".
For each method, the imputation has to deal with monotone missing value (at start and at end of the trajectories) and intermitant (in the middle). Here is a brief description of each methods.
'linearInterpol.locf' (linear interpolation, locf)
Intermitant: values imediatly surounding the missing are join by a line.
Monotone: imputed by 'locf' or 'nocb'.
'linearInterpol.global' (linear interpolation, global slope)
Intermitant: values imediatly surounding the missing are join by a line.
Monotone: the line joining the first and last non-missing value is considered (this line is the everage progression of the actual individual trajectoire). Missing-value at start and at end are chosen on this line.
'linearInterpol.local' (linear interpolation, global slope)
Intermitant: values imediatly surounding the missing are join by a line.
Monotone at start: the line joining the first and second non-missing value is considered. Missing-value at start are chose on this line.
Monotone at end: the line joining the last and penultimate non-missing value is considered. Missing-value at end are chosen on this line.
'linearInterpol.bisector' (linear interpolation, bisector)
Intermitant: values imediatly surounding the missing are join by a line.
Monotone: linearInterpol.global is not sensitive to local variation, linearInterpol.local might be too much sensitive to abnormal value. linearInterpol.bisector offer a medium solution by considering the bissectrice of Global and Local solution. Point are chosen on the bissectrices.
'copyMean.locf' (copy mean, locf) this method impute in two stages. First, it use 'linearInterpol.locf'. Then it add to each imputed value a variation that make the imputed value follow the shape of the average trajectory. For more details, see [3] and examples' section.
'copyMean.global' (copy mean, global slope) this method impute in two stages. First, it use 'linearInterpol.global'. Then it add to each imputed value a variation that make the imputed value follow the shape of the average trajectory. For more details, see [3] and examples' section.
'copyMean.local' (copy mean, local slope) this method impute in two stages. First, it use 'linearInterpol.local'. Then it add to each imputed value a variation that make the imputed value follow the shape of the average trajectory. For more details, see [3] and examples' section.
'copyMean.bisector' (copy mean, bisector) this method impute in two stages. First, it use 'linearInterpol.bisector'. Then it add to each imputed value a variation that make the imputed value follow the shape of the average trajectory. For more details, see [3] and examples' section.
locf (Last Occurence Carried Forward) THIS METHOD HAS BEEN PROUVEN TO NOT BE EFFICIANT SEVERAL TIME BY VARIOUS AUTHOR, we strongly recommand to not use it !
Intermitant and monotone at end: the previous non-missing value is dipplicated forward.
Monotone at start: the first non-missing value is dupplicated backward (nocb).
nocb (Next Occurence Carried Backward) THIS METHOD HAS BEEN PROUVEN TO NOT BE EFFICIANT SEVERAL TIME BY VARIOUS AUTHOR, we strongly recommand to not use it !
Intermitant and monotone at start: the next non-missing value is dipplicated backward.
Monotone at end: the last non-missing value is dupplicated forward (locf).
trajMean missing are imputed by the mean of the trajectory.
trajMedian missing are imputed by the median of the trajectory.
trajHotDeck each missing is imputed by one non-missing (randomly choosen) value of the trajectory.
crossMean missing value at time t are imputed by the mean of all value present at time t.
crossMedian missing value at time t are imputed by the median of all value present at time t.
crossHotDeck each missing value at time t is imputed by one non-missing (randomly choosen) value present at time t.
Value
A LongData or a matrix with no missing values.
Author
Christophe Genolini
1. UMR U1027, INSERM, Universit<e9> Paul Sabatier / Toulouse III / France
2. CeRSME, EA 2931, UFR STAPS, Universit<e9> de Paris Ouest-Nanterre-La D<e9>fense / Nanterre / France
References
[1] C. Genolini and B. Falissard
"KmL: k-means for longitudinal data"
Computational Statistics, vol 25(2), pp 317-328, 2010
[2] C. Genolini and B. Falissard
"KmL: A package to cluster longitudinal data"
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 104, pp e112-121,
2011
[3] Christophe Genolini, Ren<e9> <c9>cochard and H<e9>l<e8>ne Jacqmin-Gadda
"Copy Mean: A New Method to Impute Intermittent Missing Values in Longitudinal Studies"
Open Journal of Statistics, vol 3(26),2013
See Also
LongData, Partition, qualityCriterion
Examples
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 | ##################
### Preparation of the data
par(ask=TRUE)
timeV <- 1:14
matMissing <- matrix(
c(NA ,NA ,NA ,18 ,22 ,NA ,NA ,NA ,NA , 24 , 22 , NA , NA , NA,
24 ,21 ,24 ,26 ,27 ,32 ,30 ,22 ,26 , 26 , 28 , 24 , 23 , 21,
14 ,13 , 10 , 8 , 7 ,18 ,16 , 8 ,12 , 6 , 10 , 10 , 9 , 7,
3 ,1 , 1 , 1 , 3,9 , 7 , -1 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 1 , 0 , -2
),4,byrow=TRUE
)
matplot(t(matMissing),col=c(2,1,1,1),lty=1,type="l",lwd=c(3,1,1,1),pch=16,
xlab="Black=trajectories; Green=mean trajectory\nRed=trajectory to impute",
ylab="",main="Four trajectories")
moy <- apply(matMissing,2,mean,na.rm=TRUE)
lines(moy,col=3,lwd=3)
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
# Illustration of the different imputing method #
# The best are at end !!! #
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
##################
### Methods using cross sectionnal information (cross-methods)
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
mat2 <- matrix(c(
NA, 9, 8, 8, 7, 6,NA,
7, 6,NA,NA,NA, 4,5,
3, 4, 3,NA,NA, 2,3,
NA,NA, 1,NA,NA, 1,1),4,7,byrow=TRUE)
### crossMean
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"crossMean")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
lty=1,col=1,main="crossMean")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### crossMedian
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"crossMedian")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
lty=1,col=1,main="crossMedian")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### crossHotDeck
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"crossHotDeck")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
lty=1,col=1,main="crossHotDeck")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
##################
### Methods using trajectory information (traj-methods)
par(mfrow=c(2,3))
mat1 <- matrix(c(NA,NA,3,8,NA,NA,2,2,1,NA,NA),1,11)
### locf
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"locf")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="locf\n DO NOT USE, BAD METHOD !!!")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### nocb
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"nocb")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="nocb\n DO NOT USE, BAD METHOD !!!")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### trajMean
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"trajMean")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="trajMean")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### trajMedian
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"trajMedian")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="trajMedian")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### trajHotDeck
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"trajHotDeck")),type="l",ylim=c(0,10),
main="trajHotDeck 1")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
### spline
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"spline",lowerBound=NA,upperBound=NA)),
type="l",ylim=c(-10,10),main="spline")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16)
##################
### Different linear interpolation
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
### linearInterpol.locf
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"linearInterpol.locf",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="linearInterpol.locf")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### linearInterpol.global
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"linearInterpol.global",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="linearInterpol.global")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### linearInterpol.local
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"linearInterpol.local",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="linearInterpol.local")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### linearInterpol.bisector
matplot(t(imputation(mat1,"linearInterpol.bisector",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="linearInterpol.bisector")
matlines(t(mat1),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
##################
### Copy mean
mat3 <- matrix(c(
NA, 9, 8, 8, 7, 6,NA,
7, 6,NA,NA,NA, 4,5,
3, 4, 3,NA,NA, 2,3,
NA,NA, 1,NA,NA, 1,1),4,7,byrow=TRUE)
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
### copyMean.locf
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"copyMean.locf",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="copyMean.locf")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### copyMean.global
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"copyMean.global",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="copyMean.global")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### copyMean.local
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"copyMean.local",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="copyMean.local")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### copyMean.bisector
matplot(t(imputation(mat2,"copyMean.bisector",NA,NA)),type="l",
ylim=c(-5,10),lty=1,col=1,main="copyMean.bisector")
matlines(t(mat2),type="o",col=2,lwd=3,pch=16,lty=1)
### crossMean
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="crossMean")
matplot(t(matImp),col=c(2,1,1,1),lty=c(2,1,1,1),type="l",lwd=c(2,1,1,1),pch=16,
xlab="Dotted red=imputed trajectory\nFull red=trajectory to impute",
ylab="",main="Method 'crossMean'")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### crossMedian
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="crossMedian")
matplot(t(matImp),col=c(2,1,1,1),lty=c(2,1,1,1),type="l",lwd=c(2,1,1,1),pch=16,
xlab="Dotted red=imputed trajectory\nFull red=trajectory to impute",ylab="",
main="Method 'crossMedian'")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### crossHotDeck
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="crossHotDeck")
matplot(t(matImp),col=c(2,1,1,1),lty=c(2,1,1,1),type="l",lwd=c(2,1,1,1),pch=16,
xlab="Dotted red=imputed trajectory\nFull red=trajectory to impute",ylab="",
main="Method 'crossHotDeck'")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
##################
### Method using trajectory
par(mfrow=c(2,3))
### trajMean
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="trajMean")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="nocb")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### trajMedian
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="trajMedian")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="nocb")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### trajHotDeck
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="trajHotDeck")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="nocb")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### locf
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="locf")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="locf")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### nocb
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="nocb")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="l",lwd=2,ylim=c(10,30),ylab="",xlab="nocb")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
### linearInterpol.locf
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="linearInterpol.locf")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### linearInterpol.local
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="linearInterpol.local")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### linearInterpol.global
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="linearInterpol.global")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
### linearInterpol.bisector
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="linearInterpol.bisector")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
### copyMean.locf
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="copyMean.locf")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
lines(timeV,moy,col=3,type="o",lwd=3)
### copyMean.local
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="copyMean.local")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
lines(timeV,moy,col=3,type="o",lwd=3)
### copyMean.global
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="copyMean.global")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
lines(timeV,moy,col=3,type="o",lwd=3)
### copyMean.bisector
matImp <- imputation(matMissing,method="copyMean.bisector")
plot(timeV,matImp[1,],type="o",ylim=c(0,30),ylab="",xlab="LI-Global")
lines(timeV,matMissing[1,],col=2,type="o",lwd=3)
lines(timeV,moy,col=3,type="o",lwd=3)
par(ask=FALSE)
|
Example output
Loading required package: clv
Loading required package: cluster
Loading required package: class
Loading required package: rgl
Loading required package: misc3d
Warning messages:
1: In rgl.init(initValue, onlyNULL) : RGL: unable to open X11 display
2: 'rgl_init' failed, running with rgl.useNULL = TRUE
3: .onUnload failed in unloadNamespace() for 'rgl', details:
call: fun(...)
error: object 'rgl_quit' not found
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