baseline_array | R Documentation |
Provides five methods to baseline an array and calculate contrast.
baseline_array(x, along_dim, unit_dims = seq_along(dim(x))[-along_dim], ...)
## S3 method for class 'array'
baseline_array(
x,
along_dim,
unit_dims = seq_along(dim(x))[-along_dim],
method = c("percentage", "sqrt_percentage", "decibel", "zscore", "sqrt_zscore",
"subtract_mean"),
baseline_indexpoints = NULL,
baseline_subarray = NULL,
...
)
x |
array (tensor) to calculate contrast |
along_dim |
integer range from 1 to the maximum dimension of |
unit_dims |
integer vector, baseline unit: see Details. |
... |
passed to other methods |
method |
character, baseline method options are:
|
baseline_indexpoints |
integer vector, which index points are counted
into baseline window? Each index ranges from 1 to |
baseline_subarray |
sub-arrays that should be used to calculate
baseline; default is |
Consider a scenario where we want to baseline a bunch of signals recorded
from different locations. For each location, we record n
sessions.
For each session, the signal is further decomposed into frequency-time
domain. In this case, we have the input x
in the following form:
session x frequency x time x location
Now we want to calibrate signals for each session, frequency and location using the first 100 time points as baseline points, then the code will be
baseline_array(x, along_dim=3, baseline_window=1:100, unit_dims=c(1,2,4))
along_dim=3
is dimension of time, in this case, it's the
third dimension of x
. baseline_indexpoints=1:100
, meaning
the first 100 time points are used to calculate baseline.
unit_dims
defines the unit signal. Its value c(1,2,4)
means the unit signal is per session (first dimension), per frequency
(second) and per location (fourth).
In some other cases, we might want to calculate baseline across frequencies
then the unit signal is frequency x time
, i.e. signals that share the
same session and location also share the same baseline. In this case,
we assign unit_dims=c(1,4)
.
There are five baseline methods. They fit for different types of data.
Denote z
is an unit signal, z_0
is its baseline slice. Then
these baseline methods are:
"percentage"
\frac{z - \bar{z_{0}}}{\bar{z_{0}}} \times 100\%
"sqrt_percentage"
\frac{\sqrt{z} - \bar{\sqrt{z_{0}}}}{\bar{\sqrt{z_{0}}}} \times 100\%
"decibel"
10 \times ( \log_{10}(z) - \bar{\log_{10}(z_{0})} )
"zscore"
\frac{z-\bar{z_{0}}}{sd(z_{0})}
"sqrt_zscore"
\frac{\sqrt{z}-\bar{\sqrt{z_{0}}}}{sd(\sqrt{z_{0}})}
Contrast array with the same dimension as x
.
# Set ncores = 2 to comply to CRAN policy. Please don't run this line
ravetools_threads(n_threads = 2L)
library(ravetools)
set.seed(1)
# Generate sample data
dims = c(10,20,30,2)
x = array(rnorm(prod(dims))^2, dims)
# Set baseline window to be arbitrary 10 timepoints
baseline_window = sample(30, 10)
# ----- baseline percentage change ------
# Using base functions
re1 <- aperm(apply(x, c(1,2,4), function(y){
m <- mean(y[baseline_window])
(y/m - 1) * 100
}), c(2,3,1,4))
# Using ravetools
re2 <- baseline_array(x, 3, c(1,2,4),
baseline_indexpoints = baseline_window,
method = 'percentage')
# Check different, should be very tiny (double precisions)
range(re2 - re1)
# Check speed for large dataset, might take a while to profile
ravetools_threads(n_threads = -1)
dims <- c(200,20,300,2)
x <- array(rnorm(prod(dims))^2, dims)
# Set baseline window to be arbitrary 10 timepoints
baseline_window <- seq_len(100)
f1 <- function(){
aperm(apply(x, c(1,2,4), function(y){
m <- mean(y[baseline_window])
(y/m - 1) * 100
}), c(2,3,1,4))
}
f2 <- function(){
# equivalent as bl = x[,,baseline_window, ]
#
baseline_array(x, along_dim = 3,
baseline_indexpoints = baseline_window,
unit_dims = c(1,2,4), method = 'percentage')
}
range(f1() - f2())
microbenchmark::microbenchmark(f1(), f2(), times = 10L)
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