example_data_sets: Single-case example data sets
In scan: Single-Case Data Analyses for Single and Multiple Baseline Designs
example_data_sets R Documentation
Single-case example data sets
Description
The scan package comes with a set of fictitious and authentic
single-case study data. These data sets can be used to practice single-case
data analysis and to reproduce results from the respective publications.
-
Beretvas2008 — Fictitious single-case intervention study from Beretvas & Chung, 2008.
-
Borckardt2014 — Fictitious daily pain ratings evaluating a psychological treatment from Borckardt & Nash, 2014.
-
byHeart2011 — Multiple-baseline (11 cases) flash card vocabulary learning (Wilbert, unpublished).
-
example_A24 — Number of injuries on a German autobahn before and after implementation of a speedlimit (130km/h) (Ministerium fuer Infrastruktur und Landesplanung. Land Brandenburg).
-
exampleA1B1A2B2 — Fictitious A1-B1-A2-B2 example dataset.
-
exampleA1B1A2B2_zvt — Non-fictitious A1-B1-A2-B2 example with ZVT (intelligence measure) and D2 (concentration measure) scores.
-
exampleAB — Fictitious AB example dataset with three cases.
-
exampleAB_50 — Fictitious AB example dataset (50 cases)s.
-
exampleAB_50.l2 — Level-2 data for exampleAB_50.
-
exampleAB_add — Fictitious AB example with added covariates.
-
exampleAB_decreasing — Fictitious AB example with an expected decreasing effect in the intervention phase.
-
exampleAB_mpd — Fictitious example with different phase structures for each case.
-
exampleAB_score — Fictitious AB example with binomial distributed score outcome.
-
exampleAB_simple — Simple fictitious AB example with three cases.
-
exampleABAB — Fictitious ABAB reversal design example.
-
exampleABC — Fictitious ABC example dataset.
-
exampleABC_150 — Fictitious ABC example (150 cases).
-
exampleABC_50 — Fictitious ABC example (50 cases).
-
exampleABC_outlier — Fictitious ABC example with outlier.
-
example_atd — Fictitious AB alternating treatment design.
-
example_stranger - Example for screen time of Stranger Things characters.
-
Grosche2011 — Multiple-baseline (three cases) from a direct-instructive reading intervention (Grosche, 2011).
-
Grosche2014 — Multiple-baseline (3×3 materials) reading intervention (Grosche, Lueke, & Wilbert, unpublished).
-
GruenkeWilbert2014 — Multiple-baseline (six cases) from a story mapping reading intervention (Gruenke, Wilbert, & Stegemann-Calder, 2013).
-
Huber2014 — Multiple-baseline (four cases) with DBR ratings from a behavioral compliance intervention (Huber, unpublished).
-
Huitema2000 — Fictitious single-case intervention study (Huitema & McKean, 2000).
-
Lenz2013 — Fictitious example (Lenz, 2013).
-
Leidig2018 — Multiple-baseline good behavior game intervention (Leidig et al., 2022).
-
Leidig2018_l2 — Level-2 data for Leidig2018 (Leidig et al., 2022).
-
Parker2007 — Example dataset after Parker et al. (2007).
-
Parker2009 — Example dataset after Parker et al. (2009).
-
Parker2009b — Example dataset after Parker & Vannest (2009).
-
Parker2011 — Example dataset after Parker et al. (2011).
-
Parker2011b — Example from Parker, Vannest, & Davis (2011).
-
SSDforR2017 — Example from the R package SSDforR.
-
Tarlow2017 — Fictitious single-case intervention study (Tarlow, 2017).
-
Waddell2011 — Fictitious single-case intervention study (Waddell, Nassar, & Gustafson, 2011).
Usage
data(exampleAB, package = "scan")
Author(s)
Juergen Wilbert
References
Beretvas, S., & Chung, H. (2008). An evaluation of modified
R2-change effect size indices for single-subject experimental designs.
Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention, 2, 120–128.
Borckardt, J. J., & Nash, M. R. (2014). Simulation modelling analysis for
small sets of single-subject data collected over time. Neuropsychological
Rehabilitation, 24, 492–506.
Gruenke, M., Wilbert, J., & Stegemann-Calder, K. (2013). Analyzing the
effects of story mapping on the reading comprehension of children with low
intellectual abilities. Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, 11,
51–64.
Grosche, M. (2011). Effekte einer direkt-instruktiven Foerderung der
Lesegenauigkeit. Empirische Sonderpaedagogik, 3, 147–161.
Huitema, B. E., & McKean, J. W. (2000). Design specification issues in
time-series intervention models. Educational and Psychological Measurement,
60, 38–58.
Lenz, A. S. (2013). Calculating Effect Size in Single-Case Research: A
Comparison of Nonoverlap Methods. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling
and Development, 46(1), 64–73.
Leidig, T., Casale, G., Wilbert, J., Hennemann, T., Volpe, R. J., Briesch,
A., & Grosche, M. (2022). Individual, generalized, and moderated effects of
the good behavior game on at-risk primary school students: A multilevel
multiple baseline study using behavioral progress monitoring. Frontiers in
Education, 7. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2022.917138
Parker, R. I., Hagan-Burke, S., & Vannest, K. (2007). Percentage of All
Non-Overlapping Data (PAND) An Alternative to PND. The Journal of Special
Education, 40(4), 194-204.
Parker, R. I., Vannest, K. J., & Brown, L. (2009). The improvement rate
difference for single-case research. Exceptional Children, 75(2), 135-150.
Parker, R. I., & Vannest, K. (2009). An improved effect size for single-case
research: Nonoverlap of all pairs. Behavior Therapy, 40(4), 357-367.
Parker, R. I., Vannest, K. J., Davis, J. L., & Sauber, S. B. (2011).
Combining Nonoverlap and Trend for Single-Case Research: Tau-U. Behavior
Therapy, 42(2), 284–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2010.08.006
Parker, R. I., Vannest, K. J., & Davis, J. L. (2011). Effect Size in
Single-Case Research: A Review of Nine Nonoverlap Techniques. Behavior
Modification, 35(4), 303-322. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445511399147
Tarlow, K. R. (2017). An Improved Rank Correlation Effect Size Statistic for
Single-Case Designs: Baseline Corrected Tau. Behavior Modification, 41(4),
427–467. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445516676750
Waddell, D. E., Nassar, S. L., & Gustafson, S. A. (2011). Single-Case Design
in Psychophysiological Research: Part II: Statistical Analytic Approaches.
Journal of Neurotherapy, 15, 160–169.
scan documentation built on April 1, 2026, 9:06 a.m.
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| example_data_sets | R Documentation |
Single-case example data sets
Description
The scan package comes with a set of fictitious and authentic single-case study data. These data sets can be used to practice single-case data analysis and to reproduce results from the respective publications.
-
Beretvas2008 — Fictitious single-case intervention study from Beretvas & Chung, 2008.
-
Borckardt2014 — Fictitious daily pain ratings evaluating a psychological treatment from Borckardt & Nash, 2014.
-
byHeart2011 — Multiple-baseline (11 cases) flash card vocabulary learning (Wilbert, unpublished).
-
example_A24 — Number of injuries on a German autobahn before and after implementation of a speedlimit (130km/h) (Ministerium fuer Infrastruktur und Landesplanung. Land Brandenburg).
-
exampleA1B1A2B2 — Fictitious A1-B1-A2-B2 example dataset.
-
exampleA1B1A2B2_zvt — Non-fictitious A1-B1-A2-B2 example with ZVT (intelligence measure) and D2 (concentration measure) scores.
-
exampleAB — Fictitious AB example dataset with three cases.
-
exampleAB_50 — Fictitious AB example dataset (50 cases)s.
-
exampleAB_50.l2 — Level-2 data for exampleAB_50.
-
exampleAB_add — Fictitious AB example with added covariates.
-
exampleAB_decreasing — Fictitious AB example with an expected decreasing effect in the intervention phase.
-
exampleAB_mpd — Fictitious example with different phase structures for each case.
-
exampleAB_score — Fictitious AB example with binomial distributed score outcome.
-
exampleAB_simple — Simple fictitious AB example with three cases.
-
exampleABAB — Fictitious ABAB reversal design example.
-
exampleABC — Fictitious ABC example dataset.
-
exampleABC_150 — Fictitious ABC example (150 cases).
-
exampleABC_50 — Fictitious ABC example (50 cases).
-
exampleABC_outlier — Fictitious ABC example with outlier.
-
example_atd — Fictitious AB alternating treatment design.
-
example_stranger - Example for screen time of Stranger Things characters.
-
Grosche2011 — Multiple-baseline (three cases) from a direct-instructive reading intervention (Grosche, 2011).
-
Grosche2014 — Multiple-baseline (3×3 materials) reading intervention (Grosche, Lueke, & Wilbert, unpublished).
-
GruenkeWilbert2014 — Multiple-baseline (six cases) from a story mapping reading intervention (Gruenke, Wilbert, & Stegemann-Calder, 2013).
-
Huber2014 — Multiple-baseline (four cases) with DBR ratings from a behavioral compliance intervention (Huber, unpublished).
-
Huitema2000 — Fictitious single-case intervention study (Huitema & McKean, 2000).
-
Lenz2013 — Fictitious example (Lenz, 2013).
-
Leidig2018 — Multiple-baseline good behavior game intervention (Leidig et al., 2022).
-
Leidig2018_l2 — Level-2 data for Leidig2018 (Leidig et al., 2022).
-
Parker2007 — Example dataset after Parker et al. (2007).
-
Parker2009 — Example dataset after Parker et al. (2009).
-
Parker2009b — Example dataset after Parker & Vannest (2009).
-
Parker2011 — Example dataset after Parker et al. (2011).
-
Parker2011b — Example from Parker, Vannest, & Davis (2011).
-
SSDforR2017 — Example from the R package SSDforR.
-
Tarlow2017 — Fictitious single-case intervention study (Tarlow, 2017).
-
Waddell2011 — Fictitious single-case intervention study (Waddell, Nassar, & Gustafson, 2011).
Usage
data(exampleAB, package = "scan")
Author(s)
Juergen Wilbert
References
Beretvas, S., & Chung, H. (2008). An evaluation of modified R2-change effect size indices for single-subject experimental designs. Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention, 2, 120–128.
Borckardt, J. J., & Nash, M. R. (2014). Simulation modelling analysis for small sets of single-subject data collected over time. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 24, 492–506.
Gruenke, M., Wilbert, J., & Stegemann-Calder, K. (2013). Analyzing the effects of story mapping on the reading comprehension of children with low intellectual abilities. Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, 11, 51–64.
Grosche, M. (2011). Effekte einer direkt-instruktiven Foerderung der Lesegenauigkeit. Empirische Sonderpaedagogik, 3, 147–161.
Huitema, B. E., & McKean, J. W. (2000). Design specification issues in time-series intervention models. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60, 38–58.
Lenz, A. S. (2013). Calculating Effect Size in Single-Case Research: A Comparison of Nonoverlap Methods. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 46(1), 64–73.
Leidig, T., Casale, G., Wilbert, J., Hennemann, T., Volpe, R. J., Briesch, A., & Grosche, M. (2022). Individual, generalized, and moderated effects of the good behavior game on at-risk primary school students: A multilevel multiple baseline study using behavioral progress monitoring. Frontiers in Education, 7. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2022.917138
Parker, R. I., Hagan-Burke, S., & Vannest, K. (2007). Percentage of All Non-Overlapping Data (PAND) An Alternative to PND. The Journal of Special Education, 40(4), 194-204.
Parker, R. I., Vannest, K. J., & Brown, L. (2009). The improvement rate difference for single-case research. Exceptional Children, 75(2), 135-150.
Parker, R. I., & Vannest, K. (2009). An improved effect size for single-case research: Nonoverlap of all pairs. Behavior Therapy, 40(4), 357-367.
Parker, R. I., Vannest, K. J., Davis, J. L., & Sauber, S. B. (2011). Combining Nonoverlap and Trend for Single-Case Research: Tau-U. Behavior Therapy, 42(2), 284–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2010.08.006
Parker, R. I., Vannest, K. J., & Davis, J. L. (2011). Effect Size in Single-Case Research: A Review of Nine Nonoverlap Techniques. Behavior Modification, 35(4), 303-322. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445511399147
Tarlow, K. R. (2017). An Improved Rank Correlation Effect Size Statistic for Single-Case Designs: Baseline Corrected Tau. Behavior Modification, 41(4), 427–467. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445516676750
Waddell, D. E., Nassar, S. L., & Gustafson, S. A. (2011). Single-Case Design in Psychophysiological Research: Part II: Statistical Analytic Approaches. Journal of Neurotherapy, 15, 160–169.
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