Description Usage Arguments Details Value Note See Also Examples
rec()
recodes values of variables, where variable
selection is based on variable names or column position, or on
select helpers (see documentation on ...
). rec_if()
is a
scoped variant of rec()
, where recoding will be applied only
to those variables that match the logical condition of predicate
.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 |
x |
A vector or data frame. |
... |
Optional, unquoted names of variables that should be selected for
further processing. Required, if |
rec |
String with recode pairs of old and new values. See 'Details'
for examples. |
as.num |
Logical, if |
var.label |
Optional string, to set variable label attribute for the
returned variable (see vignette Labelled Data and the sjlabelled-Package).
If |
val.labels |
Optional character vector, to set value label attributes
of recoded variable (see vignette Labelled Data and the sjlabelled-Package).
If |
append |
Logical, if |
suffix |
String value, will be appended to variable (column) names of
If |
to.factor |
Logical, alias for |
predicate |
A predicate function to be applied to the columns. The
variables for which |
The rec
string has following syntax:
each recode pair has to be separated by a ;
, e.g. rec = "1=1; 2=4; 3=2; 4=3"
multiple old values that should be recoded into a new single value may be separated with comma, e.g. "1,2=1; 3,4=2"
a value range is indicated by a colon, e.g. "1:4=1; 5:8=2"
(recodes all values from 1 to 4 into 1, and from 5 to 8 into 2)
for double vectors (with fractional part), all values within the specified range are recoded; e.g. 1:2.5=1;2.6:3=2
recodes 1 to 2.5 into 1 and 2.6 to 3 into 2, but 2.55 would not be recoded (since it's not included in any of the specified ranges)
"min"
and "max"
minimum and maximum values are indicates by min (or lo) and max (or hi), e.g. "min:4=1; 5:max=2"
(recodes all values from minimum values of x
to 4 into 1, and from 5 to maximum values of x
into 2)
"else"
all other values, which have not been specified yet, are indicated by else, e.g. "3=1; 1=2; else=3"
(recodes 3 into 1, 1 into 2 and all other values into 3)
"copy"
the "else"
-token can be combined with copy, indicating that all remaining, not yet recoded values should stay the same (are copied from the original value), e.g. "3=1; 1=2; else=copy"
(recodes 3 into 1, 1 into 2 and all other values like 2, 4 or 5 etc. will not be recoded, but copied, see 'Examples')
NA
'sNA
values are allowed both as old and new value, e.g. "NA=1; 3:5=NA"
(recodes all NA into 1, and all values from 3 to 5 into NA in the new variable)
"rev"
"rev"
is a special token that reverses the value order (see 'Examples')
value labels for new values can be assigned inside the recode pattern by writing the value label in square brackets after defining the new value in a recode pair, e.g. "15:30=1 [young aged]; 31:55=2 [middle aged]; 56:max=3 [old aged]"
. See 'Examples'.
x
with recoded categories. If x
is a data frame,
for append = TRUE
, x
including the recoded variables
as new columns is returned; if append = FALSE
, only
the recoded variables will be returned. If append = TRUE
and
suffix = ""
, recoded variables will replace (overwrite) existing
variables.
Please note following behaviours of the function:
the "else"
-token should always be the last argument in the rec
-string.
Non-matching values will be set to NA
, unless captured by the "else"
-token.
Tagged NA values (see tagged_na
) and their value labels will be preserved when copying NA values to the recoded vector with "else=copy"
.
Variable label attributes (see, for instance, get_label
) are preserved (unless changed via var.label
-argument), however, value label attributes are removed (except for "rev"
, where present value labels will be automatically reversed as well). Use val.labels
-argument to add labels for recoded values.
If x
is a data frame, all variables should have the same categories resp. value range (else, see second bullet, NA
s are produced).
set_na
for setting NA
values, replace_na
to replace NA
's with specific value, recode_to
for re-shifting value ranges and ref_lvl
to change the
reference level of (numeric) factors.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 | data(efc)
table(efc$e42dep, useNA = "always")
# replace NA with 5
table(rec(efc$e42dep, rec = "1=1;2=2;3=3;4=4;NA=5"), useNA = "always")
# recode 1 to 2 into 1 and 3 to 4 into 2
table(rec(efc$e42dep, rec = "1,2=1; 3,4=2"), useNA = "always")
# keep value labels. variable label is automatically preserved
library(dplyr)
efc %>%
select(e42dep) %>%
rec(rec = "1,2=1; 3,4=2",
val.labels = c("low dependency", "high dependency")) %>%
frq()
# works with mutate
efc %>%
select(e42dep, e17age) %>%
mutate(dependency_rev = rec(e42dep, rec = "rev")) %>%
head()
# recode 1 to 3 into 1 and 4 into 2
table(rec(efc$e42dep, rec = "min:3=1; 4=2"), useNA = "always")
# recode 2 to 1 and all others into 2
table(rec(efc$e42dep, rec = "2=1; else=2"), useNA = "always")
# reverse value order
table(rec(efc$e42dep, rec = "rev"), useNA = "always")
# recode only selected values, copy remaining
table(efc$e15relat)
table(rec(efc$e15relat, rec = "1,2,4=1; else=copy"))
# recode variables with same category in a data frame
head(efc[, 6:9])
head(rec(efc[, 6:9], rec = "1=10;2=20;3=30;4=40"))
# recode multiple variables and set value labels via recode-syntax
dummy <- rec(
efc, c160age, e17age,
rec = "15:30=1 [young]; 31:55=2 [middle]; 56:max=3 [old]",
append = FALSE
)
frq(dummy)
# recode variables with same value-range
lapply(
rec(
efc, c82cop1, c83cop2, c84cop3,
rec = "1,2=1; NA=9; else=copy",
append = FALSE
),
table,
useNA = "always"
)
# recode character vector
dummy <- c("M", "F", "F", "X")
rec(dummy, rec = "M=Male; F=Female; X=Refused")
# recode numeric to character
rec(efc$e42dep, rec = "1=first;2=2nd;3=third;else=hi") %>% head()
# recode non-numeric factors
data(iris)
table(rec(iris, Species, rec = "setosa=huhu; else=copy", append = FALSE))
# recode floating points
table(rec(
iris, Sepal.Length, rec = "lo:5=1;5.01:6.5=2;6.501:max=3", append = FALSE
))
# preserve tagged NAs
if (require("haven")) {
x <- labelled(c(1:3, tagged_na("a", "c", "z"), 4:1),
c("Agreement" = 1, "Disagreement" = 4, "First" = tagged_na("c"),
"Refused" = tagged_na("a"), "Not home" = tagged_na("z")))
# get current value labels
x
# recode 2 into 5; Values of tagged NAs are preserved
rec(x, rec = "2=5;else=copy")
}
# use select-helpers from dplyr-package
out <- rec(
efc, contains("cop"), c161sex:c175empl,
rec = "0,1=0; else=1",
append = FALSE
)
head(out)
# recode only variables that have a value range from 1-4
p <- function(x) min(x, na.rm = TRUE) > 0 && max(x, na.rm = TRUE) < 5
out <- rec_if(efc, predicate = p, rec = "1:3=1;4=2;else=copy")
head(out)
|
1 2 3 4 <NA>
66 225 306 304 7
1 2 3 4 5 <NA>
66 225 306 304 7 0
1 2 <NA>
291 610 7
Attaching package: ‘dplyr’
The following objects are masked from ‘package:stats’:
filter, lag
The following objects are masked from ‘package:base’:
intersect, setdiff, setequal, union
elder's dependency (e42dep) <numeric>
# total N=908 valid N=901 mean=2.94 sd=0.94
Value | Label | N | Raw % | Valid % | Cum. %
-------------------------------------------------------------
1 | independent | 66 | 7.27 | 7.33 | 7.33
2 | slightly dependent | 225 | 24.78 | 24.97 | 32.30
3 | moderately dependent | 306 | 33.70 | 33.96 | 66.26
4 | severely dependent | 304 | 33.48 | 33.74 | 100.00
<NA> | <NA> | 7 | 0.77 | <NA> | <NA>
elder's dependency (e42dep_r) <numeric>
# total N=908 valid N=901 mean=1.68 sd=0.47
Value | Label | N | Raw % | Valid % | Cum. %
--------------------------------------------------------
1 | low dependency | 291 | 32.05 | 32.30 | 32.30
2 | high dependency | 610 | 67.18 | 67.70 | 100.00
<NA> | <NA> | 7 | 0.77 | <NA> | <NA>
e42dep e17age dependency_rev
1 3 83 2
2 3 88 2
3 3 82 2
4 4 67 1
5 4 84 1
6 4 85 1
1 2 <NA>
597 304 7
1 2 <NA>
225 676 7
1 2 3 4 <NA>
304 306 225 66 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
171 473 29 85 23 22 6 92
1 3 5 6 7 8
729 29 23 22 6 92
c82cop1 c83cop2 c84cop3 c85cop4
1 3 2 2 2
2 3 3 3 3
3 2 2 1 4
4 4 1 3 1
5 3 2 1 2
6 2 2 3 3
c82cop1 c83cop2 c84cop3 c85cop4 c82cop1_r c83cop2_r c84cop3_r c85cop4_r
1 3 2 2 2 30 20 20 20
2 3 3 3 3 30 30 30 30
3 2 2 1 4 20 20 10 40
4 4 1 3 1 40 10 30 10
5 3 2 1 2 30 20 10 20
6 2 2 3 3 20 20 30 30
carer' age (c160age_r) <numeric>
# total N=908 valid N=901 mean=2.40 sd=0.59
Value | Label | N | Raw % | Valid % | Cum. %
-----------------------------------------------
1 | young | 48 | 5.29 | 5.33 | 5.33
2 | middle | 442 | 48.68 | 49.06 | 54.38
3 | old | 411 | 45.26 | 45.62 | 100.00
<NA> | <NA> | 7 | 0.77 | <NA> | <NA>
elder' age (e17age_r) <numeric>
# total N=908 valid N=891 mean=3.00 sd=0.00
Value | Label | N | Raw % | Valid % | Cum. %
-----------------------------------------------
1 | young | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0
2 | middle | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0
3 | old | 891 | 98.13 | 100 | 100
<NA> | <NA> | 17 | 1.87 | <NA> | <NA>
$c82cop1_r
1 3 4 9 <NA>
100 591 210 7 0
$c83cop2_r
1 3 4 9 <NA>
733 130 39 6 0
$c84cop3_r
1 3 4 9 <NA>
768 82 52 6 0
[1] "Male" "Female" "Female" "Refused"
[1] "third" "third" "third" "hi" "hi" "hi"
huhu versicolor virginica
50 50 50
1 2 3
32 88 30
Loading required package: haven
[1] 1 5 3 NA NA NA 4 3 5 1
attr(,"labels")
First Refused Not home
NA NA NA
c82cop1_r c83cop2_r c84cop3_r c85cop4_r c86cop5_r c87cop6_r c88cop7_r
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
3 1 1 0 1 0 0 0
4 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
5 1 1 0 1 1 1 0
6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
c89cop8_r c90cop9_r c161sex_r c172code_r c175empl_r
1 1 1 1 1 0
2 1 1 1 1 0
3 1 1 0 0 0
4 1 1 0 1 0
5 1 1 1 1 0
6 0 0 0 1 0
c12hour e15relat e16sex e17age e42dep c82cop1 c83cop2 c84cop3 c85cop4 c86cop5
1 16 2 2 83 3 3 2 2 2 1
2 148 2 2 88 3 3 3 3 3 4
3 70 1 2 82 3 2 2 1 4 1
4 168 1 2 67 4 4 1 3 1 1
5 168 2 2 84 4 3 2 1 2 2
6 16 2 2 85 4 2 2 3 3 3
c87cop6 c88cop7 c89cop8 c90cop9 c160age c161sex c172code c175empl barthtot
1 1 2 3 3 56 2 2 1 75
2 1 3 2 2 54 2 2 1 75
3 1 1 4 3 80 1 1 0 35
4 1 1 2 4 69 1 2 0 0
5 2 1 4 4 47 2 2 0 25
6 2 2 1 1 56 1 2 1 60
neg_c_7 pos_v_4 quol_5 resttotn tot_sc_e n4pstu nur_pst e16sex_r e42dep_r
1 12 12 14 0 4 0 NA 1 1
2 20 11 10 4 0 0 NA 1 1
3 11 13 7 0 1 2 2 1 1
4 10 15 12 2 0 3 3 1 2
5 12 15 19 2 1 2 2 1 2
6 19 9 8 1 3 2 2 1 2
c82cop1_r c83cop2_r c84cop3_r c85cop4_r c86cop5_r c87cop6_r c88cop7_r
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1
3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
c89cop8_r c90cop9_r c161sex_r c172code_r nur_pst_r
1 1 1 1 1 NA
2 1 1 1 1 NA
3 2 1 1 1 1
4 1 2 1 1 1
5 2 2 1 1 1
6 1 1 1 1 1
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