tibble | R Documentation |
tibble()
constructs a data frame. It is used like base::data.frame()
, but
with a couple notable differences:
The returned data frame has the class tbl_df
, in
addition to data.frame
. This allows so-called "tibbles" to exhibit some
special behaviour, such as enhanced printing. Tibbles are
fully described in tbl_df
.
tibble()
is much lazier than base::data.frame()
in terms of
transforming the user's input.
Character vectors are not coerced to factor.
List-columns are expressly anticipated and do not require special tricks.
Column names are not modified.
Inner names in columns are left unchanged.
tibble()
builds columns sequentially. When defining a column, you can
refer to columns created earlier in the call. Only columns of length one
are recycled.
If a column evaluates to a data frame or tibble, it is nested or spliced. If it evaluates to a matrix or a array, it remains a matrix or array, respectively. See examples.
tibble_row()
constructs a data frame that is guaranteed to occupy one row.
Vector columns are required to have size one, non-vector columns are wrapped
in a list.
tibble( ..., .rows = NULL, .name_repair = c("check_unique", "unique", "universal", "minimal") ) tibble_row( ..., .name_repair = c("check_unique", "unique", "universal", "minimal") )
... |
< Arguments are evaluated sequentially.
You can refer to previously created elements directly or using the .data
pronoun.
To refer explicitly to objects in the calling environment, use |
.rows |
The number of rows, useful to create a 0-column tibble or just as an additional check. |
.name_repair |
Treatment of problematic column names:
This argument is passed on as |
A tibble, which is a colloquial term for an object of class
tbl_df
. A tbl_df
object is also a data
frame, i.e. it has class data.frame
.
Use as_tibble()
to turn an existing object into a tibble. Use
enframe()
to convert a named vector into a tibble. Name repair is
detailed in vctrs::vec_as_names()
.
See quasiquotation for more details on tidy dots semantics,
i.e. exactly how the ...
argument is processed.
# Unnamed arguments are named with their expression: a <- 1:5 tibble(a, a * 2) # Scalars (vectors of length one) are recycled: tibble(a, b = a * 2, c = 1) # Columns are available in subsequent expressions: tibble(x = runif(10), y = x * 2) # tibble() never coerces its inputs, str(tibble(letters)) str(tibble(x = list(diag(1), diag(2)))) # or munges column names (unless requested), tibble(`a + b` = 1:5) # but it forces you to take charge of names, if they need repair: try(tibble(x = 1, x = 2)) tibble(x = 1, x = 2, .name_repair = "unique") tibble(x = 1, x = 2, .name_repair = "minimal") ## By default, non-syntactic names are allowed, df <- tibble(`a 1` = 1, `a 2` = 2) ## because you can still index by name: df[["a 1"]] df$`a 1` with(df, `a 1`) ## Syntactic names are easier to work with, though, and you can request them: df <- tibble(`a 1` = 1, `a 2` = 2, .name_repair = "universal") df$a.1 ## You can specify your own name repair function: tibble(x = 1, x = 2, .name_repair = make.unique) fix_names <- function(x) gsub("\\s+", "_", x) tibble(`year 1` = 1, `year 2` = 2, .name_repair = fix_names) ## purrr-style anonymous functions and constants ## are also supported tibble(x = 1, x = 2, .name_repair = ~ make.names(., unique = TRUE)) tibble(x = 1, x = 2, .name_repair = ~ c("a", "b")) # Tibbles can contain columns that are tibbles or matrices # if the number of rows is compatible. Unnamed tibbled are # spliced, i.e. the inner columns are inserted into the # tibble under construction. tibble( a = 1:3, tibble( b = 4:6, c = 7:9 ), d = tibble( e = tibble( f = b ) ) ) tibble( a = 1:3, b = diag(3), c = cor(trees), d = Titanic[1:3, , , ] ) # Data can not contain tibbles or matrices with incompatible number of rows: try(tibble(a = 1:3, b = tibble(c = 4:7))) # Use := to create columns with names that start with a dot: tibble(.dotted := 3) # This also works, but might break in the future: tibble(.dotted = 3) # You can unquote an expression: x <- 3 tibble(x = 1, y = x) tibble(x = 1, y = !!x) # You can splice-unquote a list of quosures and expressions: tibble(!!!list(x = rlang::quo(1:10), y = quote(x * 2))) # Use .data, .env and !! to refer explicitly to columns or outside objects a <- 1 tibble(a = 2, b = a) tibble(a = 2, b = .data$a) tibble(a = 2, b = .env$a) tibble(a = 2, b = !!a) try(tibble(a = 2, b = .env$bogus)) try(tibble(a = 2, b = !!bogus)) # Use tibble_row() to construct a one-row tibble: tibble_row(a = 1, lm = lm(Height ~ Girth + Volume, data = trees))
Add the following code to your website.
For more information on customizing the embed code, read Embedding Snippets.