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#' Visualise whether a value is in a data frame
#'
#' `vis_expect` visualises certain conditions or values in your data. For
#' example, If you are not sure whether to expect -1 in your data, you could
#' write: `vis_expect(data, ~.x == -1)`, and you can see if there are times
#' where the values in your data are equal to -1. You could also, for example,
#' explore a set of bad strings, or possible NA values and visualise where
#' they are using \code{vis_expect(data, ~.x \%in\% bad_strings)} where
#' `bad_strings` is a character vector containing bad strings like `N A`
#' `N/A` etc.
#'
#' @param data a data.frame
#' @param expectation a formula following the syntax: `~.x {condition}`.
#' For example, writing `~.x < 20` would mean "where a variable value is less
#' than 20, replace with NA", and \code{~.x \%in\% {vector}} would mean "where a
#' variable has values that are in that vector".
#' @param show_perc logical. TRUE now adds in the \% of expectations are
#' TRUE or FALSE in the whole dataset into the legend. Default value is TRUE.
#' @return a ggplot2 object
#'
#' @seealso [vis_miss()] [vis_dat()] [vis_guess()] [vis_cor()] [vis_compare()]
#'
#' @export
#'
#' @examples
#'
#' dat_test <- tibble::tribble(
#' ~x, ~y,
#' -1, "A",
#' 0, "B",
#' 1, "C",
#' NA, NA
#' )
#'
#' vis_expect(dat_test, ~.x == -1)
#'
#' vis_expect(airquality, ~.x == 5.1)
#'
#' # explore some common NA strings
#'
#' common_nas <- c(
#' "NA",
#' "N A",
#' "N/A",
#' "na",
#' "n a",
#' "n/a"
#' )
#'
#' dat_ms <- tibble::tribble(~x, ~y, ~z,
#' "1", "A", -100,
#' "3", "N/A", -99,
#' "NA", NA, -98,
#' "N A", "E", -101,
#' "na", "F", -1)
#'
#' vis_expect(dat_ms, ~.x %in% common_nas)
#'
#'
vis_expect <- function(data, expectation, show_perc = TRUE){
test_if_dataframe(data)
data_expect <- expect_frame(data, expectation)
# calculate the overall % expecations to display in legend -------------------
if (show_perc) {
temp <- expect_guide_label(data_expect)
p_expect_true_lab <- temp$p_expect_false_lab
p_expect_false_lab <- temp$p_expect_true_lab
# else if show_perc FALSE (do nothing)
} else {
p_expect_true_lab <- "TRUE"
p_expect_false_lab <- "FALSE"
}
colnames_data <- colnames(data_expect)
data_expect <- data_expect %>%
# expect_frame(expectation) %>%
dplyr::mutate(rows = dplyr::row_number()) %>%
tidyr::pivot_longer(
cols = dplyr::all_of(colnames_data),
names_to = "variable",
values_to = "valueType",
values_transform = list(valueType = as.character)
)
data_expect <- data_expect %>%
dplyr::mutate(variable = factor(variable, levels = colnames_data))
vis_expect_plot <- data_expect %>%
ggplot2::ggplot(ggplot2::aes(x = variable,
y = rows)) +
ggplot2::geom_raster(ggplot2::aes(fill = valueType)) +
ggplot2::theme_minimal() +
ggplot2::theme(axis.text.x = ggplot2::element_text(angle = 45,
vjust = 1,
hjust = 1)) +
ggplot2::labs(x = "",
y = "Observations") +
# flip the axes
ggplot2::scale_y_reverse() +
ggplot2::scale_x_discrete(position = "top") +
ggplot2::scale_fill_manual(name = "",
values = c("#998ec3", # purple
"#f1a340", # orange
"grey"),
labels = c(p_expect_false_lab,
p_expect_true_lab),
na.value = "#E5E5E5") + # light gray
ggplot2::guides(fill = ggplot2::guide_legend(reverse = TRUE)) +
# change the limits etc.
ggplot2::guides(fill = ggplot2::guide_legend(title = "Expectation")) +
# add info about the axes
ggplot2::theme(legend.position = "bottom") +
# ggplot2::theme(axis.text.x = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0.5)) +
ggplot2::theme(axis.text.x = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0))
vis_expect_plot
}
#' Create a dataframe to help visualise 'expected' values
#'
#' @param data data.frame
#' @param expectation unquoted conditions or "expectations" to test
#'
#' @return data.frames where expectation are true
#' @author Stuart Lee and Earo Wang
#' @keywords internal
#' @noRd
#'
#' @examples
#' \dontrun{
#' dat_test <- tibble::tribble(
#' ~x, ~y,
#' -1, "A",
#' 0, "B",
#' 1, "C"
#' )
#'
#' expect_frame(dat_test,
#' ~ .x == -1)
#' }
expect_frame <- function(data, expectation){
my_fun <- purrr::as_mapper(expectation)
purrr::map_dfc(data, my_fun)
}
#' (Internal) Label the legend with the percent of missing data
#'
#' `miss_guide_label` is an internal function to label the legend of `vis_miss`.
#'
#' @param x is a dataframe passed from `vis_miss(x)`.
#'
#' @return a `tibble` with two columns `p_miss_lab` and `p_pres_lab`,
#' containing the labels to use for present and missing. A dataframe is
#' returned because I think it is a good style habit compared to a list.
#' @keywords internal
#' @noRd
#'
expect_guide_label <- function(x) {
p_expect <- (mean(as.matrix(x), na.rm = TRUE) * 100)
if (p_expect == 0) {
p_expect_false_lab <- "No Expectations True"
p_expect_true_lab <- "Present (100%)"
} else if (p_expect < 0.1) {
p_expect_false_lab <- "TRUE (< 0.1%)"
p_expect_true_lab <- "FALSE (> 99.9%)"
} else {
# calculate rounded percentages
p_expect_false <- round(p_expect, 1)
p_expect_true <- round(100 - p_expect,1)
# create the labels
p_expect_false_lab <- glue::glue("TRUE\n({p_expect_false}%)")
p_expect_true_lab <- glue::glue("FALSE\n({p_expect_true}%)")
}
label_frame <- tibble::tibble(p_expect_false_lab,
p_expect_true_lab)
return(label_frame)
}
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