#' @title Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)
#'
#' @description Train a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model.
#'
#' @param .data Input data as tsibble.
#' @param specials Specials as list defined in \code{specials_mlp}.
#' @param n_seed Integer value. The seed for the random number generator (for reproducibility).
#' @param ... Further arguments passed to \code{nnfor::mlp()}.
#'
#' @return An object of class \code{MLP}.
train_mlp <- function(.data,
specials,
n_seed = 42,
...){
if(length(tsibble::measured_vars(.data)) > 1){
abort("Only univariate responses are supported by MLP.")
}
# Prepare data for modeling
model_data <- as.ts(.data)
if(any(is.na(model_data))){
abort("MLP does not support missing values.")
}
# Train model
set.seed(n_seed)
model_fit <- nnfor::mlp(y = model_data, ...)
# Extract length of actual values and fitted values
n_total <- length(model_fit$y)
n_fitted <- length(model_fit$fitted)
# Fill NAs in front of fitted values (adjust to equal length of actual values)
fitted <- c(rep(NA_real_, n_total - n_fitted), model_fit$fitted)
resid <- model_fit$y - fitted
# Return model
structure(
list(
model = model_fit,
fitted = fitted,
resid = resid),
class = "MLP")
}
specials_mlp <- new_specials()
#' @title Automatic training of MLPs
#'
#' @description Automatic train a Multilayer Perceptron (MLPs) model.
#' This function is a wrapper for \code{nnfor::mlp()}.
#'
#' @param formula Model specification (see "Specials" section, currently not in use...)
#' @param ... Further arguments passed to \code{nnfor::mlp()}.
#'
#' @return mlp_model An object of class \code{MLP}.
#' @export
MLP <- function(formula, ...){
mlp_model <- new_model_class(
model = "MLP",
train = train_mlp,
specials = specials_mlp)
new_model_definition(
mlp_model,
!!enquo(formula),
...)
}
#' @title Forecast a trained MLP model
#'
#' @description Forecast a trained MLP model.
#'
#' @param object An object of class \code{MLP}.
#' @param new_data Forecast horizon (n-step ahead forecast)
#' @param specials Specials are currently not in use.
#' @param ... Additional arguments for forecast method.
#'
#' @return An object of class \code{fable}.
#' @export
forecast.MLP <- function(object,
new_data,
specials = NULL,
...){
# Forecast model
fcst <- forecast::forecast(
object$model,
h = nrow(new_data)
)
# Extract point forecast
point <- as.numeric(fcst$mean)
sd <- rep(NA_real_, nrow(new_data))
# Return forecasts
dist_normal(point, sd)
}
#' @title Extract fitted values from a trained MLP model
#'
#' @description Extract fitted values from a trained MLP model.
#'
#' @param object An object of class \code{MLP}.
#' @param ... Currently not in use.
#'
#' @return Fitted values as tsibble.
#' @export
fitted.MLP <- function(object, ...){
object[["fitted"]]
}
#' @title Extract residuals from a trained MLP model
#'
#' @description Extract residuals from a trained MLP model.
#'
#' @param object An object of class \code{MLP}.
#' @param ... Currently not in use.
#'
#' @return Fitted values as tsibble.
#' @export
residuals.MLP <- function(object, ...){
object[["resid"]]
}
#' @title Provide a succinct summary of a trained MLP model
#'
#' @description Provide a succinct summary of a trained MLP model.
#'
#' @param object An object of class \code{MLP}.
#'
#' @return Model summary as character value.
#' @export
model_sum.MLP <- function(object){
"MLP"
}
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